The document discusses the brain and language. It notes that the brain is divided into left and right hemispheres, with each side controlling the opposite side of the body. Language is described as the most important aspect of human life, allowing communication of thoughts, needs, and culture. Brain damage, especially to the left hemisphere, can cause language problems like aphasia. Aphasia is defined as a neurological disorder caused by brain damage that impairs language expression and comprehension through difficulties speaking, understanding speech, and reading/writing. Two main types of aphasia discussed are Broca's aphasia, which affects speech production, and Wernicke's aphasia, where speech is fluent but not coherent.

1. By: Lymarie Rolon-Ramos
ESL 610 PH01
Dr. Iris V. Guiñals

2.  What is the brain?
The human brain is divided into two
hemispheres. It is the most complex organ of the
human body. The left hemisphere controls the
right side of the body while the right hemisphere
controls the left side. It is the most complex organ
of the human body.

3. Each side has it’s functions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5k8JwC1L9_
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4.  What is language?
Language is the most important aspect in
the life of all human beings. We use language to
express inner thoughts and emotions, make sense
of complex and abstract thought, to learn to
communicate with others, to fulfill our wants and
needs, as well as to establish rules and maintain
our culture. It can be verbal or with signs.

5.  What happens to the language if the brain is
damaged?
Physicians noted that brain-injured patients
with damage to the left hemisphere would
lose power of speech and language abilities,
while those with injuries to the right
hemisphere did not lose this ability.

6.  Patients with speech problems gave early
researchers the first clues about how the brain
is involved with language. For example; people
who suffer aphasia.

7.  What is APHASIA?
Aphasia- a neurological disorder caused by
damage to the portions of the brain that are
responsible for language. Primary signs of the
disorder include difficulty in expressing oneself
when speaking, trouble understanding speech,
and difficulty with reading and writing. Aphasia is
not a disease, but a symptom of brain damage.

8. Types of Aphasia
 Broca’s aphasia –This is characterized by labored
speech and certain kinds of word finding
difficulties. It affects a person’s ability to form
sentences with the rules of syntax. Also they depend
exclusively on syntactic structure and they cannot
rely simply on knowledge. It is also known as
agrammatic aphasia.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUTHNS45Qm
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9.  Wernicke’s aphasia- people produce fluent speech
with good intonation and may largely adhere the
rules of syntax but the semantics is incoherent.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKTdMV6cOZ
w This type of aphasia is also know as Jargon
aphasia
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aplTvEQ6ew

10. THANK YOU!