The brain is the most complex organ in the body that allows humans to think, have emotions, and dream. It weighs about 3 pounds and is made up of around 100 billion neurons. The brain is covered by meninges and housed in the skull. It is responsible for various functions like sight, hearing, smell, movement, memory, language, emotion, and autonomic processes through different areas like the visual, auditory, motor, and emotional areas. The cerebellum controls movement coordination while the brain stem regulates vital functions. The two hemispheres of the brain have specialized functions with the left controlling language and the right spatial skills and emotion.

1. Anatomy and
Composition of
the Brain
Lopez, Renalyn
Lu, Chrislamia

2. Brain
– Most complex organ in the body
– Allows us to think, have emotions, and dream
– Weights about 3 pounds
– Made up of about 100 billion neurons
– Covered by the protective called meninges
– Housed in the skull

3. Visual Area
Sight
Image recognition
Image perception
Association Area
Short-term memory
Equilibrium
Emotion
Motor Function Area
Initiation of voluntary
muscles
Broca’s Area
Muscles of speech

4. Somatosensory Association
Area
Evaluation of weight,
texture, temperature, etc.,
for object recognition
Wernicke’s Area
Written and spoken
language
comprehension
Auditory Area
Hearing

5. Emotional Area
Pain
Hunger
“fight or flight” response
Sensory Association
Area
Olfactory Area
Smelling
Sensory Area
Sensation from muscle
and skin

6. Pituitary Gland
- Releases hormones
(Growth hormone, Anti-diuretic
hormone, Gonadotropins)
Brain Stem
- Where spinal cord
connects with the rest of the brain
- Controls breathing,
regulates reflexes, maintains
upright posture
- Controls autonomic
functions, acts as relay station for
nerve signals

7. Higher Mental Functions
Concentration, planning,
judgment
Emotional expression
Creativity, inhibition
Cerebellum
Coordination of
movements
Balance and Equilibrium
Posture

8. Motor Function Area – Cerebral Cortex
Eye movement and Orientation
Left Hemisphere – verbal processes
ex. Speech and grammar,
mathematics
Right Hemisphere – non-verbal processes
ex. Spatial perception, visual recognition
& emotion

9. “Right and Left Handedness:
Biological or Genetic?” - Clare Porac,
a professor of psychology at
Pennsylvania State University
Source:
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-
causes-some-people-t/

10. Reference:
Genaral Psychology (Psych 111)
(Woorkbook)
Brain images are hosted by:
www.basicknowledge.com
Brain related facts from:
http://www.factslides.com/s-
Brain#