1. The brain is an important organ that controls every process that regulates our
body!
1. The biggest part of the brain is the cerebrum, which makes up 85% of the
brain’s weight. The cerebrum is the thinking part of the brain and it controls
your voluntary muscles.
2. Your brain has two hemispheres ’ left for analytical thoughts and right for
creative thoughts.
3. 70,000 is the number of thoughts estimated that the human brain produces on
an average day.
4. Your brain has 100,000 miles worth of blood vessels ’ enough to circle Earth
approximately four times.
5. Your brain has 100 billion neurons ’ cells known as the gray matter which
process information.
6. The human brain is about 75% water.
7. Foods that keep your brain healthy include: fish, blueberries, nuts & seeds,
green vegetables such as broccoli and brussel sprouts.
8. Your brain consumes about 25 watts of power while you’re awake ’ enough
energy to illuminate a lightbulb!
9. An adult human brain weighs around 3 pounds.
10. More electrical impulses are generated in one day by a single human brain
than by all the telephones in the world
: To control your body and house your mind
Body and mind
Information, in the form of nerve impulses, travels
your spinal cord. This allows your brain to monitor
body processes, such as digestion and breathing and
movements of your body. It is also the site of your
to think, learn and create.
to and from your brain along
and regulate unconscious
to coordinate most voluntary
consciousness, allowing you
Your brain is made of many parts, each of which has a specific function. It can
be divided into four areas: the cerebrum, the diencephalon, the brain stem and
the cerebellum.
Cerebrum
The cerebrum is the largest part of your brain. It sits on top of the rest of
your brain, rather like a mushroom cap covering its stalk. It has a heavily
folded grey surface, the pattern of which is different from one person to the
next. Some of the grooves in its surface mark out different functional regions.
The front section of your cerebrum, the frontal lobe, is involved in speech,
thought, emotion, and skilled movements. Behind this is the parietal lobe which
perceives and interprets sensations like touch, temperature and pain. Behind
this, at the centre back of your cerebrum, is a region called the occipital lobe
which detects and interprets visual images. Either side of the cerebrum are the
temporal lobes which are involved in hearing and storing memory.
The cerebrum is split down the middle into two halves called hemispheres that
communicate with each other.
Cerebellum
Your cerebellum is the second largest part of your brain. It sits underneath the
back of your cerebrum and is shown in brown in the diagram above. It is involved
in coordinating your muscles to allow precise movements and control of balance
and posture.

2. Diencephalon
Your diencephalon sits beneath the middle of your cerebrum and on top of your
brain stem. It contains two important structures called the thalamus and the
hypothalamus. Your thalamus acts as a relay station for incoming sensory nerve
impulses, sending them on to appropriate regions of your brain for processing.
It is responsible for letting your brain know what's happening outside of your
body.
Your hypothalamus plays a vital role in keeping conditions inside your body
constant. It does this by regulating your body temperature, thirst and hunger,
amongst other things. And by controlling the release of hormones from the nearby
pituitary gland.
Brain stem
Your brain stem is responsible for regulating many life support mechanisms, such
as your heart rate, blood pressure, digestion and breathing. It also regulates
when you sleep and wake.
Brain protection
Your brain is arguably your most important organ, but it is made of soft
delicate tissue that would be injured by even the slightest pressure. As a
result, it is well protected:
Three tough membranes called meninges surround your brain
The space between your brain and the meninges is filled with a clear fluid,
which cushions your brain, provides it with energy and protects it against
infection
Your skull encases your brain in a bony shell, cerebrospinal fluid and meninges.