Botswana is a former British colony in Africa that gained independence in 1966. It has had one of the fastest growing economies on the continent due to being a major diamond producer. However, the country faces a major challenge from HIV/AIDS - Botswana has the second highest infection rate in the world at 24.1% of the population. The government has implemented various stages of response, beginning with eliminating transmission through blood and focusing on awareness programs, and now targeting prevention, education, and providing antiretroviral treatment through a national program. Despite these efforts, HIV/AIDS remains a serious issue for Botswana.