BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 1 Learning Objectives Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to: 1. Demonstrate the ability to locate and interpret the OSHA standards in Subparts G-I. 2. Define key terms common to the standards covered in this module. 3. Apply the OSHA standards in Subparts G-I to real-world situations. Unit Lesson The OSHA standards can be loosely divided into two categories: safety standards and health standards. The difference is that safety standards typically prevent injury through design specifications, and health standards prevent illness that may develop from long-term exposure to specific hazards. In general, compliance with safety standards is easier than health; we can install guardrails to prevent falling or saw blade guards to prevent cuts. Health standards are often based on research into long-term effects of exposure to a hazard (sometimes called a “stressor” in the health world). Determining compliance may involve measurements or air sampling and some applied science to develop controls. Many safety professionals have become proficient in analyzing health hazards, and some organizations enlist the help of a trained industrial hygienist. Regardless of who does the measurements, the final responsibility for OSHA compliance will likely fall to the safety professionals. An industrial hygienist prepares to test a water sample for contaminants (McGinley, 2006) Reading Assignment See below to access the required reading material for this unit. Supplemental Reading See information below. Learning Activities (Non-Graded) See information below. Key Terms 1. Air purifying respirator 2. Atmosphere- supplying respirator 3. Audiometric testing program 4. Baseline audiogram 5. Dry spray booth 6. Filtering facepiece 7. Fit test 8. Flashpoint 9. Hearing protector attenuation 10. Monitoring 11. Negative pressure respirator 12. Safety can 13. Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCUBA) 14. Standard threshold shift 15. Supplied-air respirator UNIT III STUDY GUIDE Subparts G–I: Environmental Controls, Hazardous Materials, and Personal Protective Equipment BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 2 In Unit I, we focused on a number of safety hazards common to most workplaces. In this unit, we add some health standards, as well as some standards that combine both safety and health issues. The title of Subpart G, Occupational Health and Environmental Control, should be a clear indication of what we can expect to encounter. Note that “environmental control” has nothing to do with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or other environmental organizations. Instead, it refers to the workplace environment and includes sections on ventilation, occupational noise control, and non- ionizing radiation. The first section of the ventilation standard provides specifications and requirements for exhaust hoods and systems ...

1. BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 1
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Demonstrate the ability to locate and interpret the OSHA
standards in
Subparts G-I.
2. Define key terms common to the standards covered in this
module.
3. Apply the OSHA standards in Subparts G-I to real-world
situations.
Unit Lesson
The OSHA standards can be loosely divided into two categories:
safety
standards and health standards. The difference is that safety
standards
typically prevent injury through design specifications, and
health standards
prevent illness that may develop from long-term exposure to
specific hazards.
In general, compliance with safety standards is easier than
health; we can
install guardrails to prevent falling or saw blade guards to

2. prevent cuts. Health
standards are often based on research into long-term effects of
exposure to a
hazard (sometimes called a “stressor” in the health world).
Determining
compliance may involve measurements or air sampling and
some applied
science to develop controls. Many safety professionals have
become proficient
in analyzing health hazards, and some organizations enlist the
help of a trained
industrial hygienist. Regardless of who does the measurements,
the final
responsibility for OSHA compliance will likely fall to the safety
professionals.
An industrial hygienist prepares to test a water sample for
contaminants (McGinley, 2006)
Reading
Assignment
See below to access the
required reading material
for this unit.
Supplemental
Reading
See information below.

3. Learning Activities
(Non-Graded)
See information below.
Key Terms
1. Air purifying
respirator
2. Atmosphere-
supplying respirator
3. Audiometric testing
program
4. Baseline audiogram
5. Dry spray booth
6. Filtering facepiece
7. Fit test
8. Flashpoint
9. Hearing protector
attenuation
10. Monitoring
11. Negative pressure
respirator
12. Safety can
13. Self-contained
breathing apparatus
(SCUBA)

4. 14. Standard threshold
shift
15. Supplied-air
respirator
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
Subparts G–I: Environmental Controls, Hazardous
Materials, and Personal Protective Equipment
BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 2
In Unit I, we focused on a number of safety hazards common to
most
workplaces. In this unit, we add some health standards, as well
as some
standards that combine both safety and health issues. The title
of Subpart G,
Occupational Health and Environmental Control, should be a
clear indication of
what we can expect to encounter. Note that “environmental
control” has
nothing to do with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
or other
environmental organizations. Instead, it refers to the workplace
environment
and includes sections on ventilation, occupational noise control,
and non-
ionizing radiation.
The first section of the ventilation standard provides
specifications and
requirements for exhaust hoods and systems used in removing
dust, dirt,

5. fumes, and gases generated through the grinding, polishing, or
buffering of
ferrous and nonferrous metals. The second section provides
design
specifications for rooms and booths used in spray finishing
operations. Since
both sections help prevent exposure to airborne hazards that can
cause long-
term health effects, they fall mostly in the health domain,
although not fully, as
they also include provisions to prevent fires and explosions.
The Industrial Noise Standard may be the most significant
section in Subpart
G, since it has such widespread application. Hearing loss
creates a significant
decrease in quality of life for an individual, as well as huge
worker's
compensation expense costs for employers. Nearly every
industrial workplace
has at least some noise exposure concerns. The standard
requires employers
to implement a hearing conservation program for employees
exposed to an
eight-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels of noise (on
the A-weighted
scale). Noise-induced hearing loss may be one of the most
preventable
occupational injuries/illnesses, but it is surprising how many
organizations do
not even have the basics of a program. From 2000-2004, OSHA
issued more
than 10,000 violations against this standard in addition to
levying initial fines in
excess of $7.5 million (Witt, 2013).

6. Subpart H includes several complex combination safety/health
standards,
including those addressing the storage and handling of
flammable materials,
process safety management, and hazardous waste operations and
emergency
response.
Standard 1910.106 is concerned with flammable liquid use and
storage and
has wide applicability across industry. In March of 2012, OSHA
issued major
changes to its Hazard Communication Standard (discussed more
in Unit VI),
which affected some of the definitions in 1910.106.
You may notice that the term “combustible liquid” is no longer
used. There are
now four categories of flammable liquids, which include what
used to be
termed combustible liquids. Another significant change is that
some of the
category definitions are not static. For example, if a Category 4
liquid is heated
Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) hazardous waste collection
site in Cameron, Louisiana
(Kaufmann, 2006)
16. Waterwash spray

7. booth
BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 3
to within 30 F of its flashpoint, it must be handled
in accordance with the requirements for Category
3 liquids.
The Process Safety Management Standard
(1910.119) was promulgated in an effort to
prevent catastrophic chemical releases at
organizations that process or store large
quantities of certain highly hazardous chemicals.
Employers having listed quantities of these
chemicals must thoroughly evaluate the potential for release
by conducting Process Hazard Analyses (PHAs). PHAs use
specialized hazard
assessment methods to examine the processes involving the
highly hazardous
chemicals. Employees are required to be involved in conducting
PHAs, along
with individuals having engineering expertise and other sources
of input. From
these PHAs, standard operating procedures are developed or
revised.
Provisions are identified for management of revise to assure
that new
equipment added to the system is appropriately evaluated. This
standard also
includes extensive training requirements and requirements for
dealing with

8. contractors.
The HAZWOPER Standard (1910.120) has nothing to do with
food poisoning
at the local fast food joint. This acronym stands for Hazardous
Waste
Operations Emergency Response and was developed to meet a
Congressional
mandate. It dovetails with important EPA requirements. The
standard covers
three industrial applications: hazardous waste sites, employee
exposures at
treatment storage and disposal facilities, and any organization
that has a
quantity of hazardous materials that, if spilled, would result in
an emergency
situation.
Within the practice of safety, use of personal protective
equipment (PPE) to
protect employees from hazards is considered a last line of
defense and should
only be used when it has been determined that engineering and
administrative
controls are not practical or do not provide adequate protection
(Asfahl &
Rieske, 2010). Subpart I requires that employers conduct a
hazard assessment
of their facilities to determine PPE requirements, select
appropriate PPE to be
used, communicate these decisions to employees, and provide
employees with
the necessary PPE. This assessment must be certified in writing;
lack of a
written assessment is an often-cited violation by OSHA. The
standard also

9. provides specifications for design and use of a wide variety of
protective
equipment. Note that hearing protection is not included here,
since it is covered
in Subpart G.
References
Asfahl, C. R., & Rieske, D. W. (2010). Industrial safety and
health management
(6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.
McGinley, R. (2006). US Navy 060207-N-3019M-004 Lt. Kyle
Lim, industrial
hygiene officer assigned to Navy Environmental and
Preventative
Medicine Unit Six (NEPMU-6), prepares to test a water sample
for
contaminants [Photograph]. Retrieved from
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Navy_060207-N-
3019M-
004_Lt._Kyle_Lim,_industrial_hygiene_officer_assigned_to_Na
vy_Envi
ronmental _and_Preventative_Medicine_Unit_Six_%28NEPMU-
6%29,_prepares_to_test_a_water_sample_for_contaminants.jpg
(OSHA, n.d.)

10. BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 4
Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA). (n.d.).
Hazard
communication pictograms. Retrieved from
http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/pictograms/index.html
Kaufman, R. (2006) FEMA – 21301 - Photograph by Robert
Kaufmann taken
on 01-11-2006 in Louisiana. Retrieved from
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FEMA_-_21301_-
_Photograph_by_Robert_Kaufmann_taken_on_01-11-
2006_in_Louisiana.jpg
Witt, B. (2013). Sound source: OSHA hearing conservation
violations,
Retrieved from: http://www.hearforever.org/tools-to-
learn/sound-
source-osha-hearing-conservation-violations
Reading Assignments
This course does not have a specific textbook. Instead, you will
be using actual
OSHA standards from the U.S. Department of Labor’s OSHA
website, as well
as other relevant materials. To access the required reading
material for this
unit, copy and paste each URL below into your Internet
browser.

11. OSHA Standards 1910.94 through 1910.138:
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?p_doc_t
ype=STANDA
RDS&p_toc_level=1&p_keyvalue=1910
1910 Subpart I App B:
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_ta
ble=STANDA
RDS&p_id=10120
Supplemental Reading
Learn more about this week’s topic at the following websites.
To access the
supplemental reading material for this unit, copy and paste each
URL below
into your Internet browser.
Occupational Noise Exposure:
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/noisehearingconservation/index.htm
l
Process Safety Management Presentation:
http://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy08/sh-17811-
08/1_psm_understanding_standard2.ppt
Respiratory Protection Presentation:
http://www.osha.gov/dte/library/respirators/presentation/index.h
tml
Respiratory Protection eTool:
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/respiratory/index.html
Personal Protective Equipment Presentation:

12. http://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Emer
gency_Service
s/BOS/BOS4025/12C/UnitIII_PersonalProtectiveEquipmentPres
entation.pdf
OSHA Hazard Awareness Advisor:
http://www.dol.gov/elaws/oshahaz.htm
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?p_doc_t
ype=STANDARDS&p_toc_level=1&p_keyvalue=1910
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_form?p_doc_t
ype=STANDARDS&p_toc_level=1&p_keyvalue=1910
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_ta
ble=STANDARDS&p_id=10120
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_ta
ble=STANDARDS&p_id=10120
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/noisehearingconservation/index.htm
l
http://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy08/sh-17811-
08/1_psm_understanding_standard2.ppt
http://www.osha.gov/dte/grant_materials/fy08/sh-17811-
08/1_psm_understanding_standard2.ppt
http://www.osha.gov/dte/library/respirators/presentation/index.h
tml
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/respiratory/index.html
http://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Emer
gency_Services/BOS/BOS4025/12C/UnitIII_PersonalProtective
EquipmentPresentation.pdf
http://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Emer
gency_Services/BOS/BOS4025/12C/UnitIII_PersonalProtective
EquipmentPresentation.pdf
http://www.dol.gov/elaws/oshahaz.htm

13. BOS 4025, OSHA Standards 5
Learning Activities (Non-Graded)
Developing Respirator Procedures
Imagine that you are responsible for the safety program at a
small
manufacturing firm. One of the processes in the plant is the
spray painting of
metal parts using aerosol cans. The company does not have a
spray booth, so
the painting is done in a large open bay area.
A recent industrial hygiene survey showed that the painters are
being exposed
to toluene at a concentration equal to the OSHA permissible
exposure limit.
The levels are not immediately dangerous to life or health
(IDLH), but since
there is no local exhaust ventilation, the painters will be
required to wear
respirators until a ventilation system can be installed. Your
assignment is to
develop the written worksite respirator procedures for this
painting operation.
Your procedures should include, at a minimum, the following
elements:
, if
applicable

14. The procedures should be specific to the operation and targeted
to the workers
who will be required to wear the respirators.
Non-graded learning activities are provided to aid students in
their course of
study. You do not have to submit them. If you have any
questions, contact your
instructor for further guidance and information.
Question 1
Annual training for employees in a hearing conservation
program must include all of the following EXCEPT
__________.
effects of noise on hearing

15. attenuation of various types of hearing protectors
how to waive the audiometric testing requirements
explanation of audiometric test procedures
Question 2
The occupational noise exposure standard requires employers to
administer a continuing, effective hearing conservation program
whenever employee noise exposures equal or exceed an eight-
hour time-weighted average sound level of __________ .
95 decibels measured on the A scale
100 decibels measured on the A scale
85 decibels measured on the A scale
80 decibels measured on the A scale
Question 3
Head protection complying with which of the following
consensus standards satisfies the requirements of OSHA's Head
Protection Standard?
ANSI Z87.1-1989

16. ANSI Z17.6-1998
ANSI Z41-1999
ANSI Z89.1-1997
Question 4
Flammable liquids shall be drawn from or transferred into
vessels, containers, or portable tanks within a building in all of
the following ways except:
through a closed piping system.
from safety cans.
by means of a device drawing through the top.
by means of air pressure on the container.
Question 5
The employer shall assess the workplace to determine if hazards
are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the
use of personal protective equipment. If such hazards are
present, or likely to be present, the employer shall __________.
select the types of PPE that will protect the affected employees.

17. communicate selection decisions to each affected employee
select PPE that properly fits each affected employee
All of the above
Question 6
A proper face-to-mask seal with a respirator is assured by
__________.
a proper selection of filter cartridges
reading the owner's manual and following the guidelines
performing a quantitative or qualitative fit-test
selecting the right size for your individual facial structure
Question 7
"IDLH" refers to an atmosphere that poses an immediate threat
to life, would cause irreversible or health effects, or would
impair an individual's __________.
right to work under CFR 29 1910

18. health within a ten-year period
ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere
All of the above
Question 8
When a Category 3 flammable liquid with a flashpoint at or
above 100 degrees F is heated for use within 30 degrees F of its
flashpoint, how should it be handled?
In accordance with the requirements for a Category 2 flammable
liquid with a flashpoint above 100degrees F
In accordance with the requirements for a combustible liquid
In accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 flammable
liquid with a flashpoint below 100degrees F
In accordance with the requirements for s a Category 4
flammable liquid with a flashpoint below 100degrees F
Question 9

19. Storage piles in flammable liquid storage buildings shall not be
piled within three feet of beams or girders and shall be at least
__________ feet below sprinkler deflectors, discharge orifices
of water spray, or other overhead fire protection equipment.
two
three
four
six
Question 10
29 CFR 1910.119, Process Safety Management of Highly
Hazardous Chemicals, applies to those companies that deal with
any of more than 130 specific toxic and reactive chemicals in
listed quantities; it also includes most flammable liquids and
gases having a flashpoint below 100 degrees that are in one
location in quantities of __________.
5,000 pounds or more
10,000 pounds or more
20,000 pounds or more

20. 50,000 pounds or more
Question 11
Discuss the hazard assessment requirements specified in
1910.132. How do they compare to the hazard assessment
requirements in the Respirator Standard?
Your response must be at least 200 words in length. You are
required to use at least your textbook as source material for
your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must
be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have
accompanying citations.
Question 12
Discuss when it would be appropriate to put an Emergency
Response Plan in place in accordance with 1910.120(q).
Your response must be at least 200 words in length. You are
required to use at least your textbook as source material for
your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must
be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have
accompanying citations.
Some of the more notable standards in 29 CFR 1910.94 through
1910.138 include Noise, Flammable Liquid Storage, Process
Safety, HAZWOPER, and PPE. Discuss with the class one or
more of these standards that apply to your operation or an
operation where you have been employed. Did you or your
employer have any difficulties complying with any of these
standards? What were some of the main problems faced in
coming into compliance with these standards? If you have no
experience working where these standards apply, pick one and

21. speculate on what you perceive to be some of the difficulties to
achieve compliance with it.