Geopolitical Analysis of Boko Haram, with few slides you will understand better, with numbers and story, this conflict who make ravages in Africa. I did this analysis in 3rd year of BBA at INSEEC. www.rayanehocine.com

1. Boko Haram
www.rayanehocine.com
Geopolitical Analysis

2. Summary
• I. Introduction
• II. Creation and Organisation
• III. Relation to the outside world
• IV. Terrorist attacks
• V. Conclusion

3. I. Introduction
• « Western education is forbidden »

4.  Jihadist conquest to ensure Northern political dominance through
islamization of Nigeria
 Jihad translates to war against Western cultural influence –
Western democracy, Western education and Christianity, modern
governmental institutions and other symbols of Western influence
 Islamic fundamentalism as mobilizational tool
 The Almajiri System – abused and manipulated for narrow political
ends
 75 percent northern population poor; 60 percent live on less than 1
US dollar a day; 32 percent literacy rate in the north (68 % national
rate)
Their Mission

6. Historical Backdrop to Boko Haram
 President Babangida’s foreign policy and Nigeria’s OIC membership -1986
 Adoption of Sharia by 9 Northern states (plus partial adoption by 3) since 1999,
posing a serious challenge to constitutional separation of state and religion
 December 1980 - rise of Maitatsine in the Northern commercial city of Kano – 5000
lives lost in uprising
 Leader – Alhaji Mohammadu Marwa Maitatsine
 Maitatsine considered as a rebel among mainstream Muslim clerics
 Used adulterated version of the Koran, with his name in place of that of Prophet
Mohammed
 Preached against use of modern technologies such as motorcycles, automobiles,
bicycles, radio, television, wristwatch, etc.
 Killed in the Kano violence of 1980; his followers continued to spread his radical
message among the urban poor across the northern region; 1985 last major
Maitatsine uprising

7. II. Creation and Organisation
A. Background
• 1900 - British Colony
• 1960 - Nigerian Independance
• 1960 - Governed by military dictatorship
• 1999 - Democracy

8. B. Foundation
• Mohammed Yusuf
• Founded in 2002

10. C. Ideology
• Sunny Islamic fundamentalist sect
• Sharia law
• Influenced by Wahhabi movement
• Seeks to establish an Islamic state in Nigeria

11. D. Organisation
• Hierachical structure
• Clandestine cell system
• Guerilla force
• 300 – 500 fighters per unit
Abubakar Shekau

13. E. Symbols

14. III. Relations to the outside world
A. Response by the Nigerian government
• Nigerian military has fallen apart
« Boko Haram are better armed and are better motivated
than our troops »
- Kashim Shettima

15. B. Response by the USA
• Designated as terrorist organisation in November 2013
• Supplied the Nigerian army
• Discontinued training
• Will continue to engage future requests of cooperation and training

16. C. Financing their operations
• Kidnapping, Robbery and extortion
- On average $1 million per kidnapping
• Donations from islamist sympathisers
- Local donors
- Creating fake charity organisations
• Drug trafficking and smuggling
- Associated with cocaine trafficking

17. IV. Terrorist attacks

18. • Chibok : 14–15 April 2014
• Gamboru and Ngala : 5-6 May 2014
• Gwoza : 2 June 2014
• Kano : 28 November 2014