A blood bank collects, processes, stores and distributes blood and blood components. It aims to prevent antigen-antibody interactions during transfusions by identifying donor blood that lacks antigens corresponding to antibodies in recipients. A blood bank technologist works to prevent antibody production through blood typing, compatibility testing, and determining unexpected antibodies in donated and received blood. The blood bank is responsible for collecting, processing, storing and distributing blood products to hospitals for transfusions.

1. Blood Bank
Presented by Miss Sudipta Roy
Associate Professor
East Point College of Pharmacy Bangalore

2. Introduction.
• Blood bank is a place of storage for blood.
• Blood bank is an organization that collects , processes , stores
and transfers blood. In most health agencies the blood bank is
located in the pathology laboratory. It is operated by medical
technologies under the direction of a pathologist.
• The term blood baking refers to the collection, processing ,
preservation , preparation and distribution of blood and blood
components and derivatives. The eastablishment where this
procedure takes place is called a blood bank.
• A related term which has been used synonymously nowadays
with blood banking is immunohematology which is the duty of
blood related antigens and antibodies as applied to situations
such as blood transfusion and hemolytic disease of the
newborn.

3. Scope OF Function OF A Modern
Blood Bank.
• 1. Recruiting blood donors
• 2. Collecting and strong whole blood or components from
volunteer or atulogous donor
• 3. Typing , screening and preparaing patient and donor for
blood transfusion.
• 4. Detecting and identifying antibodies in potential blood
recipients or pregnant women.
• Eastablishing a database to support suspected or potential
disorder
• Processing and dispensing blood components
• Performing paternity testing
• Conducting tissue prior to organ transplantation and
participating in the processing of human materials (e.g.
bone banking)

4. • Related Terminologies.
• 1. Blood groups : It referes not only to groups of erythrocytes
antigens but also to other blood components , including
leukocytes, platelets and plasma.
• 2. Factor : It is used to include classi antigens as well as those
recognized by immunologic methods not utilizing a specific
antibody.
• 3. Hemotherapy : It is referred to the selection with
preparation and infusion of appropriate blood, blood
components or derivatives for each individual patient.
• Specificity : It is referred to the appearance of a substance
that can only recognized by immunologic techniques and is
commonly used in reference to leukocyte antigens , it may also
indicate a complex antigen or a fraction of an antigen.

5. • Objectives of Blood Bank Technologist.
• 1. Prevention of antigen-antibody interaction in the
body . This is accomplished by identifying those
patients who have an antibody supplying blood
which lacks the corresponding antigen.
• 2. To prevent antibody production.

6. • Blood Bank Tests.
• 1. Blood grouping : It is the process of testing cells to
determine which antigens are present and which are
absent.
• 2. Antiglobulin test : To aid in weak agglutination.
• 3. Compatibility testing : To ensure safe blood
transfusion.
• 4. Determination of unexpected antibodies.
• a. Antibody screening tests - These tests are used to
detect those people whose sera contain one or more
unexpected antibodies.
• b. Antibody identification tests - It is defined as the
specificity of the antibody.

7. • Functions of Blood Bank :
• Blood bank is one of the major components of a
hospital , concern with various activities.
• The blood bank is responsible for collecting ,
storing , processing and distributing human blood
and blood products for the purpose of
transfusion.The blood donated and collected is
whole blood and is separated into red blood cells ,
plasma and platelets.