block ciphers and the des

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This document discusses block ciphers and the Data Encryption Standard (DES). It explains that DES uses a Feistel cipher structure with a 56-bit key to encrypt data through 16 rounds of processing. Each round uses a different 48-bit subkey generated from the original key through an initial permutation and key schedule that selects and permutes bits to form the subkeys.

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Block Ciphers and the DES

1

DES Key Schedule
• Forms subkeys used in each round
• Consists of:
– Initial permutation of the key (PC1) which
selects 56-bits in two 28-bit halves
– 16 stages consisting of:
• Selecting 24-bits from each half
• Permuting them by PC2 for use in function f,
• Rotating each half separately either 1 or 2 places
depending on the key rotation schedule K

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