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6. Biosafety level
Biosafety levels (BSL) are used
to identify the protective
measures needed in a
laboratory setting to protect
workers, the environment, and
the public. The levels are
defined in Biosafety in
Biomedical Laboratories (the
BMBL).

7. Biosafety level designations in
the BMBL outline specific
practices and safety and facility
requirements.

8. There are many ways to
combine equipment, practices,
and laboratory design features
to achieve appropriate biosafety
and biocontainment.

9. Class II biosafety cabinets are
widely used in biological
research laboratories and are
differentiated into types such as
A1, A2, B1, or B2

10. These are determined through
biological risk assessments
specifically conducted for each
experimental protocol.

11. A risk assessment is a process
used to identify the hazardous
characteristics of a known
infectious agent or toxin or
potentially infectious agent,
toxin, or material,
the activities that can result in
exposure to that agent,
the likelihood that such
exposure will cause an
infection,

12. Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) is specialized clothing or
equipment worn by an
employee to provide protection
against a hazard (e.g.,
infectious agents and toxins).

13. General work clothes (e.g.,
uniform, pants, shirts, blouses)
are not intended to function as
protection against a hazard and
are not considered to be PPE

14. PPE can be as basic as eye
protection (safety glasses or
goggles), gloves, and a lab coat
or.

15. as complex as a Biosafety Level
4 “positive pressure suit” that
completely isolates the
employee from the laboratory
environment. The use of specific
PPE required is determined
through a risk assessment

16. The characteristics of the
infectious agent or toxin being
manipulated and the type of
laboratory procedures
performed will determine the
type of PPE required.

17. If there is a risk of creating an
infectious biological aerosol
(suspension of very fine
particles or droplets in the air),
use of the proper respirator will
prevent the worker from inhaling
the infectious aerosol. This work
can also be conducted in a
biosafety cabinet to contain any
aerosols created.

18. The positive pressure suit
completely isolates the
laboratory worker from the
laboratory environment,
ensuring there is no contact with
potentially hazardous material
(e.g., infectious agents and
toxins). Laboratory personnel
who work in positive pressure
suits require significant training.

19. Biosafety Cabinets
​​Biosafety cabinets (BSCs) are
one type of biocontainment
equipment used in biological
laboratories to provide
personnel, environmental, and
product protection.
Most BSCs (e.g., Class II and
Class III) use high efficiency
particulate air (HEPA) filters in
both the exhaust and supply
system to prevent exposure to
biohazards.

20. There are several designs of
biosafety cabinets which
provide different levels of
protection to the worker and to
the research material.

21. There are three classes of
biosafety cabinets designated in
the United States: Class I, Class
II, and Class III. Class II and

22. Class I biosafety cabinets are
infrequently used and provide
personnel and environmental
protection but no product
protection.

23. Class II and Class III cabinets
provide personnel,
environmental, and product
protection.