Big History
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The document discusses several topics throughout history: - How memories were passed down through chants and songs before the 15th century. - Advances like modern finance in the 17th century, literacy in the 15th century, and the idea of progress in the 19th century. - How the people of New Guinea still live as hunter-gatherers today, similar to 13,000 years ago. - Farming of wheat and barley originated in the Middle East. - Only 14 of 148 large plant-eating mammal species weighing over 100 lbs have been successfully domesticated long-term, mostly originating in Asia, North America and Europe.
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Channel-billed toucan
The Channel-billed Toucan is a brightly marked bird that is typically 48 cm long with a large 9-14 cm bill. It lives in tropical South America from Trinidad south to Brazil and Bolivia, preferring humid forests and woodlands. As an arboreal fruit-eater, it also takes insects, small reptiles, eggs and young of other birds, and frogs. The parents cooperatively raise their young, laying white eggs in tree cavities, though they can leave the eggs uncovered for hours. Newborn toucans are blind and naked, remaining in the nest for about 8 weeks as they develop.
Mammals
Mammals are distinguished by their ability to nourish their young with milk produced in mammary glands. They are highly intelligent animals with large brains and advanced nervous systems. Mammals live on every continent and in various ecosystems, with their diets consisting of plants, other animals, or both. However, many mammal species now face extinction due to environmental destruction caused by human activity.
Reproduction cycle of tilapia specie
The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) undergoes successive spawning every 3-4 weeks throughout the year, allowing it to breed continuously. Males can breed with multiple females and females can breed with multiple males. Sexual maturity is reached between 3-5 months of age when fish weigh 150-200 grams. The best size for breeding is 150-300 grams, which can yield around 500 eggs per 100 grams of body weight.
Python
Pythons are among the largest snakes in the world, growing up to 20 feet long. They live in warm habitats across Asia, Africa and Australia such as rainforests, deserts and grasslands. Pythons constrict their prey like pigs, deer and sheep, squeezing them to death before swallowing whole. Female pythons lay between 2-100 eggs which hatchlings emerge around 2 feet long, wrapping around the eggs to keep them warm as they develop.
Pythons - WF
Pythons are among the largest snakes in the world, growing up to 20 feet long. They live in warm habitats around Asia, Africa and Australia such as rainforests, deserts and grasslands. Pythons constrict their prey like pigs, deer and sheep, squeezing it to death before swallowing it whole. Female pythons lay between 2-100 eggs which hatchlings emerge around 2 feet long, wrapping around the eggs to keep them warm as they develop.
Endangered Animals
The document discusses several endangered animal species, including dolphins, elephants, pandas, whales, and tigers. It provides details on their physical characteristics, lifespan, diet, breeding behaviors, and threats they face. Specifically, it notes that dolphins live in pods and use echolocation to hunt, elephants can weigh up to 15,000 pounds, pandas mainly eat bamboo and give birth to 1-2 cubs, whales can grow over 100 feet long and live 20-30 years, and tigers normally have 3-4 cubs at a time. The document concludes by calling for help to save these endangered animals.
The amazing platypus
The platypus lives in eastern Australia in rivers, streams, and logs. It has a duck-like bill, beaver-like tail, and eats small freshwater animals at night such as shrimp, insects, frogs, and fish eggs. The platypus is endangered due to habitat destruction, overhunting for its fur, and pollution of its streams and rivers. Efforts to help the platypus include protection under CITES, education programs, and scientific study.
Poaching
Poaching involves illegally hunting or catching animals on land that is not one's own or protected land. Turtle poaching continues to threaten sea turtle populations as their eggs, meat, and shells are collected for food, trade, and ceremonial uses in many parts of the world, despite laws in most countries protecting sea turtles. The trade of turtle eggs provides income in some areas but remains an illegal industry that endangers turtle species.
Recommended
Channel-billed toucan
The Channel-billed Toucan is a brightly marked bird that is typically 48 cm long with a large 9-14 cm bill. It lives in tropical South America from Trinidad south to Brazil and Bolivia, preferring humid forests and woodlands. As an arboreal fruit-eater, it also takes insects, small reptiles, eggs and young of other birds, and frogs. The parents cooperatively raise their young, laying white eggs in tree cavities, though they can leave the eggs uncovered for hours. Newborn toucans are blind and naked, remaining in the nest for about 8 weeks as they develop.
Mammals
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Reproduction cycle of tilapia specie
The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) undergoes successive spawning every 3-4 weeks throughout the year, allowing it to breed continuously. Males can breed with multiple females and females can breed with multiple males. Sexual maturity is reached between 3-5 months of age when fish weigh 150-200 grams. The best size for breeding is 150-300 grams, which can yield around 500 eggs per 100 grams of body weight.
Python
Pythons are among the largest snakes in the world, growing up to 20 feet long. They live in warm habitats across Asia, Africa and Australia such as rainforests, deserts and grasslands. Pythons constrict their prey like pigs, deer and sheep, squeezing them to death before swallowing whole. Female pythons lay between 2-100 eggs which hatchlings emerge around 2 feet long, wrapping around the eggs to keep them warm as they develop.
Pythons - WF
Pythons are among the largest snakes in the world, growing up to 20 feet long. They live in warm habitats around Asia, Africa and Australia such as rainforests, deserts and grasslands. Pythons constrict their prey like pigs, deer and sheep, squeezing it to death before swallowing it whole. Female pythons lay between 2-100 eggs which hatchlings emerge around 2 feet long, wrapping around the eggs to keep them warm as they develop.
Endangered Animals
The document discusses several endangered animal species, including dolphins, elephants, pandas, whales, and tigers. It provides details on their physical characteristics, lifespan, diet, breeding behaviors, and threats they face. Specifically, it notes that dolphins live in pods and use echolocation to hunt, elephants can weigh up to 15,000 pounds, pandas mainly eat bamboo and give birth to 1-2 cubs, whales can grow over 100 feet long and live 20-30 years, and tigers normally have 3-4 cubs at a time. The document concludes by calling for help to save these endangered animals.
The amazing platypus
The platypus lives in eastern Australia in rivers, streams, and logs. It has a duck-like bill, beaver-like tail, and eats small freshwater animals at night such as shrimp, insects, frogs, and fish eggs. The platypus is endangered due to habitat destruction, overhunting for its fur, and pollution of its streams and rivers. Efforts to help the platypus include protection under CITES, education programs, and scientific study.
Poaching
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Platypus
The document discusses the platypus, a semi-aquatic egg-laying mammal found primarily in eastern Australia. It lives in the states of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. While it has a backbone making it a vertebrate, it lays eggs making it oviparous. Its diet consists mainly of shrimp, crayfish, larvae and worms. Some interesting facts are that it swims with its front feet and steers with its back feet, and can only stay underwater for 30 to 140 seconds.
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This document discusses the domestication of various animal species by humans. It explains that animal domestication began as humans transitioned from hunter-gatherers to farmers and began selectively breeding wild animals for desirable traits. Dogs were the first animal domesticated due to their social structure resembling humans. Other early domesticates included cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and horses which provided materials, labor, meat and milk to early civilizations. The process of domestication transformed wild species into domesticated forms that were beneficial to humans.
Penguins
Penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds that live in the southern hemisphere. There are over 20 penguin species classified into 6 genera. Penguins have various adaptations for swimming, diving, thermoregulation, and respiration. They breed and nest in large colonies, with both parents caring for their single chick. Their primary threats are predators and climate change impacts on their habitats and food sources.
Aquarium
This document provides fun facts about seals, alligators, and penguins. It notes that male seals are darker than females, seals eat fish and squid, and their lifespan is 30-40 years. Alligators are related to dinosaurs, females lay 20-60 eggs and protect them for 65 days, and their lifespan is 30 years in the wild. Penguins adapt to various climates, communicate through body language, are insulated by blubber, can walk faster than humans, and can hold their breath for 20 minutes underwater.
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The platypus is a semi-aquatic egg-laying mammal found in eastern Australia, including Tasmania. It has the bill and webbed feet of a duck, and tail of a beaver. The male platypus has a venomous spur on its hind leg that is used against predators and rivals. Platypuses live in burrows near streams, rivers and lakes, feeding on small invertebrates. They breed in their second year, with the female laying one to two eggs that hatch after about a week. Young platypuses leave the burrow around three months of age.
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Daniel meikle no
The platypus is a unique semi-aquatic mammal found in eastern Australia. It has brown fur, a duck-like bill, webbed feet, and a venomous spur on its hind ankle. The platypus lays eggs and the young are called puggles. It feeds on small aquatic animals and insects. Its habitat has been threatened by human pollution and destruction of waterways, though it is now protected by law in Australia.
Owen hagan owen hagen 4 bazinga nom nom cheter chese ness ya
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Life cycles w/pictures
The document discusses various methods of parental care across different taxa. It covers examples such as mouth-brooding fish, colonial breeding species like lions and honey bees, and parental care strategies in penguins and seahorses. Seahorses have an unusual form of paternal care where males carry and give birth to live young after the female deposits eggs in the male's brood pouch. Penguins exhibit monogamous relationships and take turns incubating eggs and caring for chicks. Parental care strategies help offspring survive and are adapted to each species' environment and lifestyle.
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The document is about the platypus and provides several facts about this unique animal. It discusses that the platypus lays eggs and the babies stay in the burrow for 4 months. It lives in ponds and eats plankton and seaweed. The platypus is found primarily in eastern Australia and has a lifespan of 10 to 15 years.
Duck billed platypus
The document provides information about the duck-billed platypus, including its range, diet, physical description, breeding habits, unique anatomy, and unusual traits. It notes that the platypus lives in eastern Australia, eats small animals and larvae it finds in rivers and lakes, and has a bill and tail unlike other animals. The document also describes how platypuses breed, build burrows, and males have venomous spurs, as well as other odd facts about their reproduction and lifespan.
Kingdom Animlia
Kingdom Animalia includes multicellular, heterotrophic organisms that ingest food and digest internally. There are around 9-10 million identified animal species on Earth, most of which reproduce sexually. Animals are classified into invertebrates without backbones and vertebrates with backbones, and are further divided into 9 phyla including sponges, jellyfish, flatworms, roundworms, mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms, and chordates. Animals play important ecological, economic, nutritional, and agricultural roles as pollinators, sources of food and materials, and maintaining ecosystem balance.
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Part Two
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11. A wall painting from an Egyptian grave, dated to about 3,500 years ago, depicting typical agricultural
scenes.
5
History’s Biggest Fraud
FOR 2.5 MILLION YEARS HUMANS FED themselves by gathering plants and
hunting animals that lived and bred without their intervention. Homo erectus,
Homo ergaster and the Neanderthals plucked wild gs and hunted wild sheep
without deciding where g trees would take root, in which meadow a herd of
sheep should graze, or which billy goat would inseminate which nanny goat.
Homo sapiens spread from East Africa to the Middle East, to Europe and Asia, and
nally to Australia and America – but everywhere they went, Sapiens too
continued to live by gathering wild plants and hunting wild animals. Why do
anything else when your lifestyle feeds you amply and supports a rich world of
social structures, religious beliefs and political dynamics?
All this changed about 10,000 years ago, when Sapiens began to devote almost
all their time and e ort to manipulating the lives of a few animal and plant
species. From sunrise to sunset humans sowed seeds, watered plants, plucked
weeds from the ground and led sheep to prime pastures. This work, they thought,
would provide them with more fruit, grain and meat. It was a revolution in the
way humans lived – the Agricultural Revolution.
The transition to agriculture began around 9500–8500 BC in the hill country of
south-eastern Turkey, western Iran, and the Levant. It began slowly and in a
restricted geographical area. Wheat and goats were domesticated by
approximately 9000 BC; peas and lentils around 8000 BC; olive trees by 5000 BC;
horses by 4000 BC; and grapevines in 3500 BC. Some animals and plants, such as
camels and cashew nuts, were domesticated even later, but by 3500 BC the main
wave of domestication was over. Even today, with all our advanced technologies,
more than 90 per cent of the calories that feed humanity come from the handful of
plants that our ancestors domesticated between 9500 and 3500 BC – wheat, rice,
maize (called ‘corn’ in the US), potatoes, millet and barley. No noteworthy plant
or animal has been domesticated in the last 2,000 years. If our minds are those of
hunter-gatherers, our cuisine is that of ancient farmers.
Scholars once believed that agriculture spread from a single Middle Eastern
point of origin to the four corners of the world. Today, scholars agree that
agriculture sprang up in other parts of the world not by the action of Middle
Eastern farmers exporting their revolution but entirely independently. People in
Central America domesticated maize and beans without knowing anything about
wheat and pea cultivation in the Middle East. South Americans learned how to
raise potatoes and llamas, unaware of what was going on in either Mexico or the
Levant. Chinas rst revolutionaries domesticated rice, millet and pigs. North
America’s first gardeners were those who got tired of combing the undergrowth for
edib.
Syria And The Greater Fertile Crescent
The document discusses the Fertile Crescent region and the development of early agricultural societies there approximately 12,000 years ago. Recently, the region experienced the worst 3-year drought on record, exacerbating political, water, and agricultural issues and causing widespread failures and human migrations. Researchers analyzed how climate factors like the recent droughts contributed to conditions that led to the Syrian civil war. The researchers believe multiple factors intensified one another, including unsustainable agricultural policies that depleted groundwater supplies, worsening the effects of the severe 2006-2007 drought.
Pets and animals training.pdf
We have examined, learned and utilized the exceptional attributes of creatures to help our lives. Normally, we use ponies to move and convey things, tame wild canines into watch canines, to make pets or raise domesticated animals to get nourishment forever.
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The document discusses the platypus, a semi-aquatic egg-laying mammal found primarily in eastern Australia. It lives in the states of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. While it has a backbone making it a vertebrate, it lays eggs making it oviparous. Its diet consists mainly of shrimp, crayfish, larvae and worms. Some interesting facts are that it swims with its front feet and steers with its back feet, and can only stay underwater for 30 to 140 seconds.
Andres Manuel Olivares Miranda | Endangered Animals that Recovered
Andres Manuel Olivares Miranda describes how animal conservation has helped save some animal species from the brink of extinction.
Animal domestication 1B
This document discusses the domestication of various animal species by humans. It explains that animal domestication began as humans transitioned from hunter-gatherers to farmers and began selectively breeding wild animals for desirable traits. Dogs were the first animal domesticated due to their social structure resembling humans. Other early domesticates included cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and horses which provided materials, labor, meat and milk to early civilizations. The process of domestication transformed wild species into domesticated forms that were beneficial to humans.
Penguins
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This document provides fun facts about seals, alligators, and penguins. It notes that male seals are darker than females, seals eat fish and squid, and their lifespan is 30-40 years. Alligators are related to dinosaurs, females lay 20-60 eggs and protect them for 65 days, and their lifespan is 30 years in the wild. Penguins adapt to various climates, communicate through body language, are insulated by blubber, can walk faster than humans, and can hold their breath for 20 minutes underwater.
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The platypus is a semi-aquatic egg-laying mammal found in eastern Australia, including Tasmania. It has the bill and webbed feet of a duck, and tail of a beaver. The male platypus has a venomous spur on its hind leg that is used against predators and rivals. Platypuses live in burrows near streams, rivers and lakes, feeding on small invertebrates. They breed in their second year, with the female laying one to two eggs that hatch after about a week. Young platypuses leave the burrow around three months of age.
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The document summarizes information about hyenas. It discusses their scientific name, range in Africa including grasslands and forests, diet of small to large animals whose bones and skin it can digest, physical description as big furry spotted dogs, breeding with females being dominant and giving birth through a pseudo-penis, protecting territory and young, vocalizations described as laughs, and females generally being dominant while males protect the young.
Inquiry project 3 Orca Whales
Orca whales, also known as killer whales, can grow up to 33 feet long and weigh over 12,000 pounds. They live in oceans around the world, though prefer cold waters, and can be found off the coasts of places like Washington, Oregon and California. Orcas hunt in family pods of up to 40 individuals and cooperate to prey on other marine mammals like seals, sea lions and other whales, as well as fish. They communicate using echolocation and a variety of sounds. As top predators, orcas have no natural predators besides sharks and humans, though can suffer from diseases.
South american camelidae
This document summarizes information about South American camelids. It discusses the four main types: llamas, alpacas, vicuñas, and guanacos. Llamas and alpacas have been domesticated as pack animals and for their fiber, while vicuñas and guanacos remain wild. Each camelid has distinct physical characteristics and behaviors. The document provides details on the historical and current uses and conservation status of each South American camelid type.
Animals Nutrition
There are three main types of animals: herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. Herbivores eat plants like fruits, seeds, grass, and leaves. Carnivores eat meat. Omnivores eat both plants and meat. Ruminant animals are herbivores that eat plants and regurgitate them to chew again later. Plants create their own food through the process of photosynthesis using sunlight, soil, and water.
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This document defines and describes different types of poultry. It notes that poultry includes domesticated birds kept for their eggs, meat, and feathers. The main kinds of poultry discussed are chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, and quail. Poultry is one of the most widely eaten meats in the world, with chickens being the most common. Poultry meat and eggs provide a nutritious food source, as they are high in protein but low in fat.
Daniel meikle no
The platypus is a unique semi-aquatic mammal found in eastern Australia. It has brown fur, a duck-like bill, webbed feet, and a venomous spur on its hind ankle. The platypus lays eggs and the young are called puggles. It feeds on small aquatic animals and insects. Its habitat has been threatened by human pollution and destruction of waterways, though it is now protected by law in Australia.
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The document summarizes information about narwhals, including their physical characteristics, habitat, life cycle, diet, predators, and relationship with humans. Specifically, it notes that narwhals live in Arctic waters, have a long tusk and speckled gray/green/cream coloring, mainly eat seals and crustaceans, are preyed on by polar bears and orcas, and were historically hunted by Inuit people for their tusks and meat. The document also discusses how pollution and hunting have negatively impacted narwhal populations.
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The document discusses various methods of parental care across different taxa. It covers examples such as mouth-brooding fish, colonial breeding species like lions and honey bees, and parental care strategies in penguins and seahorses. Seahorses have an unusual form of paternal care where males carry and give birth to live young after the female deposits eggs in the male's brood pouch. Penguins exhibit monogamous relationships and take turns incubating eggs and caring for chicks. Parental care strategies help offspring survive and are adapted to each species' environment and lifestyle.
Mountain zebra powerpoint
The document summarizes information about the mountain zebra. It discusses the zebra's size, coloration, habitat, threats, conservation status, reproductive habits, behavior, and interesting facts. The mountain zebra lives in mountainous regions of Africa, stands 6-8.5 feet tall and weighs 530-820 pounds. It is vulnerable due to habitat loss and hunting, but conservation efforts have increased populations to over 2,700.
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The document is about the platypus and provides several facts about this unique animal. It discusses that the platypus lays eggs and the babies stay in the burrow for 4 months. It lives in ponds and eats plankton and seaweed. The platypus is found primarily in eastern Australia and has a lifespan of 10 to 15 years.
Duck billed platypus
The document provides information about the duck-billed platypus, including its range, diet, physical description, breeding habits, unique anatomy, and unusual traits. It notes that the platypus lives in eastern Australia, eats small animals and larvae it finds in rivers and lakes, and has a bill and tail unlike other animals. The document also describes how platypuses breed, build burrows, and males have venomous spurs, as well as other odd facts about their reproduction and lifespan.
Kingdom Animlia
Kingdom Animalia includes multicellular, heterotrophic organisms that ingest food and digest internally. There are around 9-10 million identified animal species on Earth, most of which reproduce sexually. Animals are classified into invertebrates without backbones and vertebrates with backbones, and are further divided into 9 phyla including sponges, jellyfish, flatworms, roundworms, mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms, and chordates. Animals play important ecological, economic, nutritional, and agricultural roles as pollinators, sources of food and materials, and maintaining ecosystem balance.
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Andres Manuel Olivares Miranda | Endangered Animals that Recovered
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Owen hagan owen hagen 4 bazinga nom nom cheter chese ness ya
Owen hagan owen hagen 4 bazinga nom nom cheter chese ness ya
Similar to Big History
Part TwoThe Agricultural Revolution11. A wall painti.docx
Part Two
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11. A wall painting from an Egyptian grave, dated to about 3,500 years ago, depicting typical agricultural
scenes.
5
History’s Biggest Fraud
FOR 2.5 MILLION YEARS HUMANS FED themselves by gathering plants and
hunting animals that lived and bred without their intervention. Homo erectus,
Homo ergaster and the Neanderthals plucked wild gs and hunted wild sheep
without deciding where g trees would take root, in which meadow a herd of
sheep should graze, or which billy goat would inseminate which nanny goat.
Homo sapiens spread from East Africa to the Middle East, to Europe and Asia, and
nally to Australia and America – but everywhere they went, Sapiens too
continued to live by gathering wild plants and hunting wild animals. Why do
anything else when your lifestyle feeds you amply and supports a rich world of
social structures, religious beliefs and political dynamics?
All this changed about 10,000 years ago, when Sapiens began to devote almost
all their time and e ort to manipulating the lives of a few animal and plant
species. From sunrise to sunset humans sowed seeds, watered plants, plucked
weeds from the ground and led sheep to prime pastures. This work, they thought,
would provide them with more fruit, grain and meat. It was a revolution in the
way humans lived – the Agricultural Revolution.
The transition to agriculture began around 9500–8500 BC in the hill country of
south-eastern Turkey, western Iran, and the Levant. It began slowly and in a
restricted geographical area. Wheat and goats were domesticated by
approximately 9000 BC; peas and lentils around 8000 BC; olive trees by 5000 BC;
horses by 4000 BC; and grapevines in 3500 BC. Some animals and plants, such as
camels and cashew nuts, were domesticated even later, but by 3500 BC the main
wave of domestication was over. Even today, with all our advanced technologies,
more than 90 per cent of the calories that feed humanity come from the handful of
plants that our ancestors domesticated between 9500 and 3500 BC – wheat, rice,
maize (called ‘corn’ in the US), potatoes, millet and barley. No noteworthy plant
or animal has been domesticated in the last 2,000 years. If our minds are those of
hunter-gatherers, our cuisine is that of ancient farmers.
Scholars once believed that agriculture spread from a single Middle Eastern
point of origin to the four corners of the world. Today, scholars agree that
agriculture sprang up in other parts of the world not by the action of Middle
Eastern farmers exporting their revolution but entirely independently. People in
Central America domesticated maize and beans without knowing anything about
wheat and pea cultivation in the Middle East. South Americans learned how to
raise potatoes and llamas, unaware of what was going on in either Mexico or the
Levant. Chinas rst revolutionaries domesticated rice, millet and pigs. North
America’s first gardeners were those who got tired of combing the undergrowth for
edib.
Syria And The Greater Fertile Crescent
The document discusses the Fertile Crescent region and the development of early agricultural societies there approximately 12,000 years ago. Recently, the region experienced the worst 3-year drought on record, exacerbating political, water, and agricultural issues and causing widespread failures and human migrations. Researchers analyzed how climate factors like the recent droughts contributed to conditions that led to the Syrian civil war. The researchers believe multiple factors intensified one another, including unsustainable agricultural policies that depleted groundwater supplies, worsening the effects of the severe 2006-2007 drought.
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We have examined, learned and utilized the exceptional attributes of creatures to help our lives. Normally, we use ponies to move and convey things, tame wild canines into watch canines, to make pets or raise domesticated animals to get nourishment forever.
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07 Making A Life
The document provides an overview of how human subsistence strategies have evolved from hunting and gathering to agriculture and eventually industrialization. It describes key transitions such as the development of horticulture around 10,000 years ago in areas like the Fertile Crescent, which involved the cultivation of plants. This allowed for more sedentary lifestyles and population growth. Further agricultural intensification led to the rise of civilizations, social stratification, and urban centers supported by surrounding agricultural populations. The document contrasts preindustrial and industrial societies in their use of energy and relationship to the environment.
Guns germs steel
The document discusses Jared Diamond's book Guns, Germs, and Steel, which aims to explain why Eurasian civilizations dominated globally. It explores how environmental factors led to some populations acquiring an early "head start" in food production and domestication of animals in places like the Fertile Crescent, which indirectly laid the groundwork for technological advances like guns and steel. Natural experiments like those between the Maori and Moriori peoples on different islands show how environments can profoundly shape societies over short periods.
Guns germs and_steel
The document discusses Jared Diamond's book Guns, Germs, and Steel and some of the key ideas from it. It summarizes that Diamond rejects racist explanations for societal development and argues environmental factors like geography helped determine which societies developed technologies and wealth. Areas like Eurasia that allowed easy spread of crops, animals, and ideas saw more development than isolated places like New Guinea. Disease from domesticated animals also spread more in Eurasia, giving some societies advantages over others.
Guns germs and_steel
Jared Diamond attempts to answer Yali's question of why some societies developed advanced technologies while others did not by examining environmental and geographic factors. Some key points:
- Domesticable plants and animals first emerged in different parts of the world, giving some regions an early advantage.
- Eurasia's east-west axis allowed crops and technologies to spread more easily compared to the Americas' north-south axis, which faced more environmental barriers.
- Written language also developed first in Eurasia, aiding record-keeping and administration as societies grew more complex.
- Dense populations in places like the Fertile Crescent and China facilitated additional innovations building upon previous technologies over generations.
AP WH Chap 1 PPT
The document provides information on human evolution and early civilizations. It discusses key points such as:
- Hominids evolved in Africa and migrated to other parts of the world.
- The first civilizations emerged along river valleys in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley around 3000 BCE. They relied on irrigation agriculture and developed writing, cities, and social hierarchies.
- Mesopotamian cities like Uruk and Ur featured temples, palaces, writing, and trade. Egyptian civilization was organized by the Nile River and divine kingship. The Indus Valley cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had urban planning and trade networks.
Carl Johannessen
Carl L. Johannessen, co-author of "World Trade and Biological Exchanges Before 1492" presents his work here and will interviewed live on Oct 9, 10, and 11 at the Atlantic Conference http://www.AtlanticConference.org
Mrs. Wayne's Class Animal PowerPoints
The document contains summaries of various animal powerpoint presentations created by students, including killer whales, elephants, sea snakes, sea turtles, white sharks, white rhinos, sloths, and hammerhead sharks. Each summary provides 2-4 facts about the animal's habitat, diet, reproduction, respiration, and other interesting details. References are also listed at the end of each summary.
BC Species - Order At Risk
The document provides information about sea otters, including their taxonomy, physical characteristics, diet, reproduction, and role in the ecosystem. It describes how sea otters consume about 25% of their body weight daily to sustain their high metabolism. Their dense fur and ability to trap air keeps them warm in cold waters. The document also lists population numbers of carnivorous species in British Columbia and species of Carnivora that are at risk of extinction worldwide. Steps being taken to help sea otters include cleaning up ocean pollution and moving fish farms.
Angus mac donald amazing hippos
Hippos are large herbivorous mammals that can weigh up to 7,000 pounds. They live in ponds and wetland areas in East Africa. Hippos are classified as mammals in the order Artiodactyla. They spend most of their time in water and come on land to graze on grass. Hippos are threatened by hunting and loss of habitat, so conservation efforts aim to protect their wetland environments and discourage poaching.
Northern Fur seal: An endangered species
The Northern Fur Seal is a marine mammal found in the Pacific Ocean and Sea of Okhotsk that was overhunted to near extinction for its fur in the 1700s-1800s. It is currently listed as threatened due to ongoing disturbances such as fishing net entanglements, pollution, and overfishing reducing prey populations. Conservation efforts including prohibiting commercial hunting have helped increase numbers to around 500,000 today, but the species remains at risk and continued protection and habitat management are needed for recovery.
Ppt0000000
The document discusses several causes of animal extinction and ways to help endangered species. Major causes include habitat loss, overharvesting, pollution, invasive species, and human demand for animal products. Some animals in danger of extinction are pandas due to destruction of bamboo forests and pink dolphins from hunting and river pollution. The document also lists several animal protection laws and societies that aim to conserve habitats, protect wildlife, and educate the public.
Precoursors of Civilization: Mesolithic and Neolithic
Describes the rise of settled communities and the domestication of plants and animals that accompanied or preceded them. Includes the role these innovations played in esbablishing civilization.
Sheep Farming
Few countries in the world have no sheep. They are found in tropical countries and in the arctic, in hot climates and in the cold, on the desert and in humid areas.
There are over 800 breeds of sheep in the world, in a variety of sizes, shapes, types and colours.
Sheep were domesticated long before the dawn of recorded history. Wool fibres have been found in remains of primitive villages of Switzerland that date back an estimated 20000 years. Egyptian sculpture dating 4000-5000 B.C. portrays the importance of this species to people. Much mention is
made in the Bible of flocks, shepherds, sacrificial lambs, and garments made of wool.
The Roman empire pried sheep, anointed them with special oils, and combed their fleece to produce fine quality fibres that were woven into fabric for the togas of the elite.
Perhaps the first ruminants domesticated by man along with goats, sheep are a very valuable and important asset to mankind.
Sheep is a important livestock species . They contribute greatly to the agrarian economy, especially in the arid/semi-arid and mountainous areas where crop and /or dairy farming are not economical. They play an important role in the livelihood of a large percentage of small and marginal
farmers and landless labourers engaged in sheep rearing. A number of rural-based industries use wool and sheep skins as raw material. Sheep manure is an important source of soil fertility, especially in southern states.
Chapter-2-Concept-of-Agriculture.pdf
Agriculture is defined as the cultivation of land and raising of crops and livestock. The document then discusses the history and evolution of agriculture from early stages of hunting and gathering to the development of crop production and animal domestication. It describes key developments in agriculture around the world from ancient civilizations to modern innovations and the green revolution. For the Philippines specifically, it outlines the main crops and practices during the pre-colonial, colonial and post-war periods, highlighting the introduction of new crops and technologies over time.
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Big History
- 1. Big History;What Stood Out To Me By. Megan Foster
- 2. Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is……… Originally used to describe how far you would go to defend your view of things.
- 3. we are what we know, And universities are where we pass on that which we are to the next generation. What we were has changed because what we know has changed.
- 4. How memories have been passed down in the past Up to the 15th Century, people memorized Chants/Songs as a way of passing down history
- 6. Literacy- 15th Century
- 8. Stone Age People of the Middle East were the first farmers of the world They grew Barley and Wheat
- 9. Domestication of Animals There are nearly 2 million known species of animals Vast Majority of them have never been farmed Most Insects and Rodents are not worth the effort of farming Some Birds, Fish, and Reptiles have been domesticated So have many large Carnivores(most of which are simply impractical to farm, not because they are dangerous, but because you’d have to grow other animals just to feed them) The best animals to farm are large, plant eating mammals Despite repeated efforts, Africans have never succeeded in domesticating the Elephant 148 species of domesticated plant eating mammals that grow to 100lbs+ Number successfully farmed for any extended period of time is on 14 (Bactrian Camels, Arabian Camels, Goats, Sheep, Pigs, Cows, Horses, Donkeys, Water Buffalo, Llama, Reindeer, Yaks, Mithans, and Bali Cattle) South America had Ancestor to Llama All others had origins in Asia, North America, and Europe Cows, Pigs, Sheep, and Goats Are native to the Middle East
- 10. People native to Colder regions have shorter Arms and Legs This allows them to retain their body heat better to keep them warmer
- 11. The Rings on a Tree Not only do they tell us how old a tree is, they also explain to us the conditions in which that tree has been living. We can discover the amount of water and sunlight the tree has received, and any evidence of catastrophic events during the trees lifetime, simply by examining the patterns of the rings within.