1) The document discusses using behavioral sciences strategically and contextually as part of an integrated public health strategy, rather than focusing solely on individual behavior change.
2) It notes there are many disciplines within behavioral sciences and provides examples of how different approaches could be applied, such as using behavioral economics for social marketing campaigns and health psychology in patient-clinician consultations.
3) The key points are that behavioral change strategies should be one part of a whole system public health approach, not seen as a magic bullet, and sometimes legislation and structural solutions are more effective.
Teaching slides from a University College London Partners and National Co-ordinating Centre for Mental Health Public Mental Health Course in February 2015. This session focuses on building local approaches to public mental health
Teaching slides from a University College London Partners and National Co-ordinating Centre for Mental Health Public Mental Health Course in February 2015. This session focuses on building local approaches to public mental health
A Public Health Approach to Mental Health Care: Taking Transformation to ScaleMHTP Webmastere
This presentation was given by Kathryn Power, Director, Center for Mental Health Services at SAMHSA, at the May 13, 2008 Prevention Policy Summit. Transcript of Kathryn Power\'s opening remarks.
description of the main idea in Strategy for Healte according to OMS global main goal... comment please... it is used for a class in Sports Technicians in Galileo University Of Guatemala...
A Public Health Approach to Mental Health Care: Taking Transformation to ScaleMHTP Webmastere
This presentation was given by Kathryn Power, Director, Center for Mental Health Services at SAMHSA, at the May 13, 2008 Prevention Policy Summit. Transcript of Kathryn Power\'s opening remarks.
description of the main idea in Strategy for Healte according to OMS global main goal... comment please... it is used for a class in Sports Technicians in Galileo University Of Guatemala...
Social Media & Public Health CommunicationCameron Norman
This is from the Introduction to Public Health graduate course at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at the University of Toronto. The focus of the presentation was to provide an overview of ways to consider social media and it's role in supporting public health.
This presentation, given as part of a plenary symposium at the 8th World Congress on Promotion of Mental Health and Prevention of Mental and Behavioural Disorders gives an overview of how one area is trying to develop an approach to public mental health, finding frameworks and tools of use
This presentation on making Hertfordshire County Council a public health organization is designed for our corporate policy and performance workshops (8th October 2013) and looks at how we build on our success, to mainstream public health mindsets and approaches across the Council
A workshop for community and voluntary agencies on public health priorities for Hertfordshire and how we can build people centred public health together
The journey to a whole system approach on mental health, slide set by Piers Simey and Jim McManus to introduce a workshop on turning the Mental Health JSNA into action
Our Health and Wellbeing Board spent part of a development day looking at what a strategic shift to prevention in health and social care would mean, and where to start. Next steps will be a plan for "high impact" wins
Presentación en la que Gina Perigo hace una brillante exposición de como los Enfermeros de Práctica Avanzada y más concretamente los Nurse Practitioners pueden jugar un papel fundamental a la hora de potenciar y generar un cambio en los comportamientos en la población de salud que contribuyen al mantenimiento del estado de salud de la población y de la comunidad
This presentation to a public health strategy workshop discussed how we could embed behaviour change at population level into our public health strategy
This document was produced for a Webinar for the Association of Directors of Public Health (ADHP www.adph.org.uk ) on 27th April 2017 in partnership with Public Health England (PHE www.gov.uk/phe) Hertfordshire County Council (www.hertfordshire.gov.uk) and the Health Psychology in Public Health Network (HPPHN www.hppn.org.uk ).
An invited presentation to the AFSA (Asian Fire Service Association) Summer conference on the need to find leadership models which work better for diverse communities and enable people to bring assets an understandings from their cultures to organisational leadership
A presentation to the SABRE Cymru conference (Social and Behavioural Science Rapid Response Network) on lessons for social and behavioural sciences in public health beyond Covid-19. https://sabrecymru.uk/
My presentation to the 175th anniversary conference of the Association of Directors of Public Health on lessons from the past and pointers for the future
A presentation to the National Immunisation Conference on lessons learned for the future of public health response to Monkeypox and other novel infections
This is part 2 of a two part session deliver for a Common Awards (Theology, Ministry and Mission, University of Durham) course on health and the Church. The first part focuses on a theological perspective and the second part focuses on public health perspectives
This is part 1 of a two part session deliver for a Common Awards (Theology, Ministry and Mission, University of Durham) course on health and the Church. The first part focuses on a theological perspective and the second part focuses on public health perspectives
This presentation was given to a webinar on addressing poverty and also contains some suggested waymarkers for response. It is based on local experience and the lessons in the LGA/ADPH Annual Public Health Report 2023
An invited keynote to the St Vincent de Paul Society Conference 2022 on emerging from the Pandemic and tasks for the Church and associated organisations
This was an invited keynote to the Social and Behavioural Sciences Rapid Response Network for Infectious Diseases (SABRE Cymru) symposium on Covid-19 and beyond.
Pastoral care is "that aspect of the ministry of the Church which is concerned with the well-being of
the individual and of the community in general." 2 It is clear that the impact of multiple traumas from
the COVID-19 pandemic creates a major challenge for pastoral care. The purpose of this publication
is to enable faith leaders to get some rapid and concise orientation on the issues of population and
community trauma, resilience, self-care and coping during and beyond the pandemic, so they can
consider strategies both for their congregations and the wider community.
This briefing seeks to provide some frameworks for response to the needs of:
1. Populations and local communities, because there will be multiple and differential impacts
on various sub-populations both by life course stage and by identity, as well as
socioeconomic status. Impacts are multiple, from losing loved, to losing jobs, to having
essential treatment delayed. All of these can be traumatic.
2. Faith communities, because as the pandemic goes on, and we are now beyond 18 months of
response, the risks of compassion fatigue, burnout and traumatic stress to congregations
increase. Psychological injury to those who are involved in 'frontline' ministry, both as
ministers or as medical and care workers, may be worse than in other parts of the
population because the combination of enduring stress and their own motivation to keep
serving their populations may result in their feeling unwilling or unable to seek help.
This briefing is set within the context of public mental health, which means it intentionally seeks to
consider what can be done at population level (e.g. whole church or workplace), and group level, not
just individual level. The right kind of action aimed at populations is just as important as action
aimed at individuals and should be seen as
complementary. This is especially so where there
are resources and capabilities which churches can
bring to bear for their whole membership, and
which can help them respond to trauma and
become resilient. In this sense, a populationhealth approach sits well with the idea of the Church as a community where healing can occur
A briefing for Public Health teams on a public mental health approach resilience, trauma and coping beyond the pandemic, and addressing the needs of communities and workplaces
A publication for government on pandemic flu and faith communities. Prepared as a sister document to Key Communities, Key Resources, a report for government on faith communities and pandemic preparedness
More from Professor Jim McManus AFBPsS,FFPH,CSci, FRSB, CPsychol (20)
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Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
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- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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Thyroid Gland- Gross Anatomy by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Behaviour Change as part of a public health strategy
1. www.hertsdirect.org
Noise, Nudge and Niggles in
the Night...Putting Behaviour Change
in context in a local Public Health
strategy
LGA Behaviour Change Conference,15 Oct 2013
Jim McManus, FFPH, CPsychol, CSci, AFBPsS
Director of Public Health
2. www.hertsdirect.org
Before we start
I am biased...we all are
• I am passionate about finding social science
based solutions as part of an integrated public
health strategy
• Behaviour change focusing solely on the
individual is an impoverished neo-modern
answer to a problem that isn’t that simple...real
life isn’t structured round individuals
3. www.hertsdirect.org
The Noise....you’ve lost me...
• Epidemiology – behaviour as a major factor
• Health Psychology – what’s that?
• Social and Organizational Psychology – Que?
• Positive Psychology – What?
• Marketing – Like, you mean, adverts?
• Behavioural Economics ...that’s nudge, right?
The reality is you need elements of all of
these in a good strategy, and you need to
know when to use them
6. www.hertsdirect.org
Problem
• Just as prescribing individual counselling for
stress can be a way of blaming the person when
the ORGANIZATION needs to change, so
focusing on changing behaviour and individual
agency when the problem is STRUCTURAL is
not a satisfactory solution
7. www.hertsdirect.org
Some Key Points
• Behaviour change strategems are part of, not a
replacement for whole system public action
• They are not a magic bullet
• Sometimes legislation and structural
solutions are more effective and better buys
• You need more than one behavioural change
strategy
• Behavioural change strategems work best when
balanced
8. www.hertsdirect.org
Systems thinking – our health occurs in a system.
So must behaviour change.
The wider determinants of Health and Local Government functions
(Must adopt a Lifecourse approach!)
The Lives people lead and whether LA functions help or
hinder healthy lifestyles (policy, service
quality, access, behavioural economics, behavioural
sciences)
The services people access such as primary care
(high quality, easy access, good follow
up, behavioural and lifestyle pathways wrap
around)
10. www.hertsdirect.org
First get your strategy sorted
OUR PURPOSE
to work together to improve the health and wellbeing of
the people of Hertfordshire, based on best practice and
best evidence
Priority 5:
We
understand
what’s
needed and
we do what
works
Priority 6: We
make public
health
everybody’s
business and
work together
HOW WE WILL WORK TOGETHER
(our strategic priorities: how we do it for
our County)
The
Public
Health
Outcomes
Framework
(the national
PHOF will
Help us measure
Our success)
WHAT WE WILL ACHIEVE WORKING FOR AND WITH OUT
POPULATION
(our strategic priorities: what we achieve for our County)
Priority 1:
Our
Populatio
n lives
Longer, H
ealthier
Lives
Priority 2:
Our
Population
Starts Life
Healthy
and Stays
Healthy
Priority 3: We
narrow the
gap in life
expectancy
and health
between
most and
least healthy
Priority 4: We
protect our
communities
from harm
(chemical, biolo
gical, radiologic
al and
environmental)
Building Blocks
Making better use of behavioural sciences at
individual, interpersonal, community and service levels
Behavioural sciences are a building
block of any good Public Health
Strategy...see next slide
OUR VISION:
A Healthy, Happy Hertfordshire: everyone in Hertfordshire is born healthy, and lives full, healthy
and happy lives. We compare well with England and every area in Hertfordshire compares well
against Hertfordshire
11. www.hertsdirect.org
So first get your strategy
sorted
OUR PURPOSE
to work together to improve the health and wellbeing of
the people of Hertfordshire, based on best practice and
best evidence
OUR VISION:
A Healthy, Happy Hertfordshire: everyone in Hertfordshire is born healthy, and lives full, healthy
and happy lives. We compare well with England and every area in Hertfordshire compares well
against Hertfordshire
Priority 5:
We
understand
what’s
needed and
we do what
works
Priority 6: We
make public
health
everybody’s
business and
work together
HOW WE WILL WORK TOGETHER
(our strategic priorities: how we do it for
our County)
The
Public
Health
Outcomes
Framework
(the national
PHOF will
Help us measure
Our success)
WHAT WE WILL ACHIEVE WORKING FOR AND WITH OUT
POPULATION
(our strategic priorities: what we achieve for our County)
Priority 1:
Our
Populatio
n lives
Longer, H
ealthier
Lives
Priority 2:
Our
Population
Starts Life
Healthy
and Stays
Healthy
Priority 3: We
narrow the
gap in life
expectancy
and health
between
most and
least healthy
Priority 4: We
protect our
communities
from harm
(chemical, biolo
gical, radiologic
al and
environmental)
Building
Blocks
For the
Public Health Family
Strong
Leadership
Capable, Skille
d People
Co-production
with citizens
Effective
Partnerships
Evidence and
Knowledge
Driven
Plan and
Deliver for
Localism
Whole
System
Approaches
Making better use of behavioural sciences at
individual, interpersonal, community and service levels
12. www.hertsdirect.org
Behavioural solutions work only as part of a
sensible public health architecture
• Seek to incoporate
behavioural sciences
as a normal part of
your strategy, based
on competence and
fitness for use only
• Think through which
problem requires
what level of action
Levels of Public Health Action
•Social
•Environmental
•Biological
•Behavioural
•Legislative
•Structural
13. www.hertsdirect.org
Six Levels Example - Tobacco
Levels Application to Tobacco
Social – changing social norms about health,
e.g. acceptability of binge drinking,
acceptability of taking smoking breaks
Behavioural economics, social marketing
Young people
Biological – immunisation, vaccinations,
treatments
Nicotine replacement therapy and cognitive
tools for cravings
Environmental – encouraging green transport,
reducing pollution, changing the public realm
Environmental cues, display legislation
Smokefree playgrounds
Behavioural – helping individuals to stop
smoking
Individual and group behavioural change
and support
Legislative – the smoking ban, legislation on
alcohol sales
The ban on smoking
Legislation on displays
Structural – policy changes such as workplace
health, school health policies
Workplace policies
Tobacco control partnerships
16. www.hertsdirect.org
Behaviour Change in the Hertfordshire Strategy
1. Behavioural Economics
2. Health Psychology
3. Behavioural Psych
4. Developmental
Psychology
5. Social and
Organizational
Psychology
6. Positive Psychology
7. Marketing
1. StepJockey, checkouts
2. CVD Prevention, Patient-
Clinician Consultation
3. Do Something Different
4. My Baby’s Brain
5. Prosocial behaviour-
countryside walks
6. Resilience/Bullying/how
to be a carer
7. Stoptober
17. www.hertsdirect.org
2nd Line – Behaviour Change 3rd Line - Activity 4th Line – Specialist1st Line – Brief Intervention
Opportunistic brief advice by
GP, pharmacist or practice
nurse
1.Identify health issue of concern
(and follow appropriate pathway
for that, e.g. obesity)
2.Assess motivation to change
3.If motivated, refer on
4.If not motivated,
1.Raise awareness of
risks.
2.Offer written
information on healthy
eating and physical
activity.
3.Raise again in 3
months.
4.Offer information
prescription
Smoking
is
primary, m
ain or only
goal
If fall into 1st or
subsequent line category
of advice within Obesity
Care Pathway refer to
Lifestyle
Programme, provided
there are no
contraindications
Discuss primary or main goal
then refer appropriately For patients with co-
morbidites
Patients who are diabetic or
have coronary heart
disease or a history of heart
problems must have referral
from appropriate primary
care team or secondary
care to participate in
programme.
Behaviour change
programme to be developed
in partnership with specialist
services
Refer to
smoking
cessation
service
Weight
loss, healt
hy living
or CVD
risk is
main or
primary
goal
Refer to
lifestyle
service
Patients with highly complex psychological or emotional
issues (e.g. depression or eating disorder.)
If not already in contact with such services, refer to IAPT
programme psychology or primary care mental health team
Towards a Health Behaviour Change Care Pathway (Version 1.0,
September 2013)
18. www.hertsdirect.org
The components of the Hertfordshire Approach to
Behavioural Sciences
• Within a strategy, based on strategic fit
• 6 levels of public health
• Specialist Skills building generalist skills...
• Pathways
• Positive Psychology as the fundamental lens
into behaviour change
• Behavioural science kick start unit
19. www.hertsdirect.org
Organizational Psychology – the Six Steps to being a
Public Health Organization
(behaviour change works at organizational and individual level)
1. Leadership commited to Public Health
2. Understand Public Health Challenges
3. Identify what each can do
4. Identify what Public Health Tools and Skills we can use
5. Consider every area of the business systematically
6. Make us an example of healthy employer and service
provider – do becomes behaviour becomes culture