This document provides an overview of the theory of behaviorism. It defines behaviorism as the view that psychology should only study observable behaviors and not internal mental states. It describes the three types of behaviorism: methodological, psychological, and analytical/logical behaviorism. Key figures discussed are B.F. Skinner, known for operant conditioning, and Ivan Pavlov, known for classical conditioning. The document also outlines how behaviorism could be applied in a classroom setting through the use of reinforcement, punishment, and extinction to modify student behavior.

1. Behaviorism
By: Bianca Olmo

2. Behaviorism Menu
What?
Who?
How?
My ESE
Classroom
Works Cited

3. Behaviorism
What It Is?
 Human psychology can only be studied through the examination of
behavioral events.
 Learning is a change in behavior.
 Change induced by:
o Punishment (positive and negative)
• Decreases the likelihood the behavior will occur again
• Adding or taking away a stimulus
o Reinforcement (positive and Negative)
• Increases the likelihood the behavior will occur again
• Action -> Reaction -> Knowledge of Appropriate Future
Behavior

4. Three Types of Behaviorism
1. Methodological Behaviorism
 Psychology is the science of
behavior, not the mind.
 Mental states aren’t useful
for empirical study.
2. Psychological Behaviorism
 Sources for behavior are
external, not internal.
 Behavior can be explained
without mental events.
3. Analytical and Logical
Behaviorism
 Mental concepts should be
translated into behavioral
concepts.
 Idea of mental state is the
idea of behavioral
disposition.

5. Who Are The Key
Figures?
B.F. Skinner (1904- Ivan Pavlov (1849-
1990) 1936)
Operant Conditioning Classical
Conditioning

6. B.F. Skinner
Operant Conditioning
 Attempts to modify
behavior through
reinforcements.
 Association between a
particular behavior and
a consequence.
 Example
• Parents rewarding a
child with candy or a
prize when they get
good grades.

7. Ivan Pavlov
Classical Conditioning
 Automatic type of learning.
 A stimulus evokes a
response originally evoked
by a different stimulus.
 Pavlov’s Dogs
• Meat powder
(Unconditioned Stimulus)
• Dog’s salivation
(Unconditioned
Response)
• Bell begins as a Neutral
Stimulus but becomes
the Conditioned Stimulus
• Salivation after the bell
(Conditioned Response)

8. Pavlov’s Dog
Classical Conditioning
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpoLxEN54ho

9. How It Would Be Used In The
Classroom?
 Role of Teachers
 Role of Students

10. What Would The Teachers Do?
Contracts
The relevant behavior should be
identified, and terms discussed.
Consequences
Must occur immediately after
the behavior occurs.
Reinforcement
Positive/Negative Reinforcement
and Punishment.
Extinction
Decreases the chances of a
response by withdrawing a
previously reinforced stimulus.

11. What Would The Students Do?
Rewards
Students receive rewards for
appropriate behaviors.
Confidence
Positive feedback/responses boost
students’ confidence levels.
Behavior Changes
Students change their inappropriate
behavior to behavior that is acceptable.

12. Behaviorism In My ESE
Classroom
To Avoid Student Frustration
‐ Break down large tasks into small
segments
‐ Demonstrate and explain each step in a
new task
To Help Overcome Difficulty Processing and
Memory
‐ Include extra practice
‐ Review materials as often as necessary

13. Behaviorism In My ESE
Classroom
To Keep Students on Task
‐ Create predictable routines
‐ Incorporate structure into lessons
To Make Sure Students are Absorbing the
Material
‐ Gather feedback throughout the lesson

14. Works Cited
Resources
• http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/
bio_skinner.htm
• http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureate
s/1904/pavlov-bio.html
• http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/behaviorism?s=t
• http://www.learning-theories.com/classical-conditioning-
pavlov.html
• http://www.learning-theories.com/operant-conditioning-
skinner.html
• http://cie.asu.edu/volume8/number10/index.html#behavio
r
• http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Behaviori
sm#Educational_Implications
• https://www.msu.edu/~mckin115/Matrix/theories/Behavio
rism.htm
• http://www.iep.utm.edu/behavior/
• http://www.learning-theories.com/behaviorism.html
• http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/

15. Works Cited Images
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