Behavior Management Approach Essay
Judith Ortega EDU–450 October 25, 2014 Jayne Marie–Yenko Behavior Management Approach Teachers must understand that they may face students
with different kinds of disruptive behaviors in their classroom. It can be by far, one of the most worrisome issues teachers may come in contact with.
Unfortunately, even when taking steps to prevent disruptive behavior, one can never guarantee a disruption–free class. This is why it is important that
teachers are prepared with a plan on how they are going to approach such situations. In the scenario to follow, a teacher faces a disruptive student in
class. The goal of the teacher will be to use her behavioral approach to diffuse the situation and not allow it to escalate any further by...show more
content...
Adams: "Layla, please stop talking and complete the morning assignment". Layla then turns around to sit back in her chair only to turn back
around and begin talking to Jessie again a few minutes later. Ms. Adams: "Layla, let's talk outside for a moment". Ms. Adams' list of consequences
states that students will get two verbal warnings before consequences go into effect. Talking to Layla outside of the classroom is the second
warning. She does not want to embarrass Layla at all. Ms. Adams would actually like to speak to her in private to find out what is going on
without her feeling embarrassed or get the other students involved. Sometimes when students feel embarrassed, they can act our more just to
cover up the way they feel and the way they assume their classmates are looking at them. Ms. Adams also does not want to make Layla an easy
target for getting teased by her fellow classmates. Ms. Adams: "Layla, is everything ok?" Layla: "Yes." Ms. Adams: "Are you sure? You know you
can talk to me if there is something bothering you or if there is something you want to express and share with me. It is important to always use
your words to express how you feel." Layla: "I know, but there is nothing wrong." Ms. Adams: "Ok, so what is the classroom rule about talking?"
Layla: "We must raise our hands for permission to speak." Ms. Adams: "So why are you talking when you are not supposed to? You are not following
the rules when you do that". Layla: "I just wanted to
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Organizational Behavior Essay
Organisational Behaviour (OB) is the study of human behaviour in an organisation. It is a multidisciplinary field devoted to the understanding
individual and group behaviour, interpersonal processes and organisational dynamics. OB is important to all management functions, roles and skills.
Since organisations are built up levels – individual, group and an organizational system as a whole, it is important for managers to understand human
behaviour in order to meet the organizations overall goals. I found several key learning areas that are meaningful, interesting and relevant to my work
over the course of studying this unit. These key learning areas have not only expanded and improved my view of organisational behaviour but they
also have...show more content...
As a manager working in a diverse organisation, this learning area will help me to recognise the differences between team members and to effectively
manage these differences by encouraging participation in diverse training, establishing benefit programs such bonuses, flexi–time to accommodate the
different needs of different employees. It's important to communicate to staff about goals and objectives, corporate culture and common practice. This
can be done by developing employee handbooks with detailed guidelines that can be handed out at orientation days. Individual Level Factors Edwin
Locke's Goal–Setting Theory Locke (1960) proposes that intentions to work towards a goal are a major source of work motivation. Goals help us to
determine the level of effort that we need to apply to a task. To motivate employees, goals must take into consideration the degree to which each of
the following exists: clarity, challenge, commitment, feedback and task complexity. If all five of these elements are present, goal theory says that we
will be motivated to produce to a maximum. The specificity of the goal acts as an internal stimulus, the more difficult the goal, the higher the level of
performance. Difficult goals energise us because we have to work harder and persist to attain them. I now consider the
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Essay On Behavior Analysis
I am writing to give my highest recommendation Cleidys Taveras, for the possibility of been accepted into you Behavior Analysis Program. I have
worked closely with students for over fifteen year and have loved every minute of it. I knew from the age of eighteen that my calling was to become a
Special education teacher and help those students that are in need. My most rewarding experiences are associated to my career and the progress that my
students have made. Been able to teach students with different disabilities have provided with the opportunity to learn, discover, and gain experience in
the education filed. My experiences have provided me with the capability to make decision educationally that has changed my life, but more important
has improved students and their families' life.
My career path has been a process that provided me with knowledge on an every day basis. I started as a school aide, move to a paraprofessional, kept
going as a teacher–student, to sub–teaching, to finally obtaining a Master in Special Education/General education with an Bilingual...show more
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The opportunity to become a Behavior analysis will help me learn focus and optioning different methods on managing behaviors that can be readily
observed and measured. At the same time I will expose to specific studies that concentrates in measuring specific influences, such as the environment,
on behavior, or look for new ways to solve behavior problems in specific audiences, such as school children or the elderly. Touro will provide me with
all the knowledge, techniques, and information needed to excel in the Autism field. The Behavior Analysis program will expose me to improving my
instruction, classroom management strategies, confidence and knowledge related to the
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Behavioral Psychology Paper
Behavioral psychology, I believe, best describes the way people feel and behave since events in the environment heavily influences human reactions.
For example, when one hears an alarm clock go off, one may feel very unhappy or groggy due to associating dreading an event they had to wake up
early for. In addition, certain memories or experiences triggers emotions, much like the alarm clock example. Also, if people are not rewarded for their
good behavior, they may likely become unmotivated or teach themselves that they are not good enough. On page 20, the behavioral psychology section
states, "Using this tool, they could begin to account for behavior as the product of prior experience. This enabled them to explain how certain acts and
certain
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Behavioral Learning Theory Essay
The Behavioral Learning Theory believes that behavior is learned from either the environment, the people in the individual's life, the media, or
society as a whole. This theory contradicts the Biological theory, which states that criminals are "born to be bad" and that criminal behavior is
inherited. The behavioral theory looks at the environment as well as society's impact on how an individual acts which might be the reason for
criminal behavior. This theory blames the environment as well as the individual by saying it is a learned behavior and that it also was a choice they
made. A basic assumption is that behavior is learned and modeled by individuals, groups, the media, and society as a whole. The theory explains why
people...show more content...
The writers of this theory believe that if more positive role models and more positive actions are taken then fewer crimes would be committed. I
believe that it is an individual's personal attachment, commitment, involvement, bonds, morals, and values which indicates whether or not they will
be criminals or not. There have been different types of surveys done to support the behavioral theory. One is that surveys have been conducted in
the neighborhoods in which the most crimes take place. Some of the questions asked have been do the participants come from single family homes
or homes with parents, what type music, television, and movies do they watch, and what type of goals do they have for themselves. Most of the
surveys show that the individuals who come from single family homes and watch the most violent shows are the ones most likely to become
criminals or have participated in criminal activity. I do not agree with the survey because there are many people who come from good homes who
still participate in criminal activity by their own choice. I believe a weakness of this theory is that it does not explain why everyone commits crime. It
also shifts the blame from the individual who committed the crime to the factors that may have caused the crime to take place. An example would be
instead of the person who steals being blamed for the crime, the blame is then on the environment because it is a low
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How do other people influence our behaviour? The public may influence our behaviour though social influence in two different ways, the first is
normative influence which is "an influence to conform to the positive expectations of others" (Cohen 1964). This is shown by Asch where the
participant's task was to compare the length of the lines by matching the standard line with three comparisons, one of which was clearly obvious the
correct answer this is known as an unambiguous task. Asch found that when the majority of the confederate said the wrong answer the minority who
was the participant also gave the wrong answer knowing it wasn't correct (Asch 1956) this shows how they changed their answer to fit in with the
group even when they knew...show more content...
Later research by Perrin and Spenser in 1980 carried out the exact experiment on British engineering, maths and chemistry students. They found that
out of 396 trials only in one of the trials a participant conformed to the majority that were wrong (McLeod 2008). This is clear evidence showing
poor reliability of Asch study and it shows how in modern day society people may be less influence by others. One way the public may influence our
behaviour is by persuasive communication this shows how an individual's attitude may change by external messages and influence their behaviour. As
research from Hovland and Weiss in 1952 shows how experts are more persuasive than non–experts. As they found the same arguments were seen to be
more persuasive when delivered by someone who seems to know all the facts (Hogg & Vaugham 2011). This meaning that when people are told
information by an authority figure who may be seen as an expert they are more likely to trust it and this can lead to them modifying their attitudes and
behaviour. For example a teacher may tell a child that they are not very academically cleaver leading them to believe this and changing their attitudes
and behaviour like not completing assignments or coming
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Learning Behavior Essays
Learning Behavior
Psychologists have preformed many studies and proposed many theories regarding learning. Learning can be defined as a relatively permanent change
in behavior that is due to past experience. John B. Watson was an early psychologist that didn't agree with many other psychologist's ideas about
learning only relating to consciousness and thought processes. As the founder of behaviorism, Watson studied learning in a behavioral perspective, an
approach that emphasizes the relationship between outwardly observable behaviors and environmental events, rather than mental processes. Classical
conditioning is a process of learning associations between stimuli used by Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. In...show more content...
Skinner believed that classical conditioning was limited to behaviors that are reflexively elicited. An operant describes behaviors that are "operate upon
the environment to generate consequences." Reinforcement follows an operant and increases the likelihood of the operant being repeated. There are
two forms of reinforcement: positive and negative reinforcement. When an event occurs producing a positive effect, it is considered positive
reinforcement. Negative reinforcement involves the removal of a stimulus increasing the likelihood of a positive effect. An example of this would be to
take two aspirins to remove the pain from a headache. Punishment is a process that decreases the likelihood of a behavior to occur again. This is not to
be confused with negative reinforcement because it doesn't increase the likelihood of an occurrence. There are drawbacks to punishment. It doesn't
teach an appropriate behavior to replace an inappropriate one. Also, intense punishment can lead to results such as passivity, fear, anxiety, or hostility.
Finally, effects of punishment are sometimes temporary. An alternative to punishment is trying to change the behavior of others. First, stop reinforcing
the problem behavior by identifying the reinforcer and eliminating it. When it is not possible to eliminate the reinforcement, remove the opportunity to
obtain positive reinforcement. An example of this would be time–out for a child because he or she is no longer
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Behavior Modification Essay example
Behavior Modification
Behavior Modification, a psychological theory of human behavior. It evolved from the application of experimentally derived principles of learning to
the modification of problem behaviors. The theory is based on a psychological model of human behavior that rejects the psychoanalytic or
quasi–disease model of mental illness. Approaches to behavior modification assume that abnormal behavior is acquired and maintained in the same
manner as normal behavior and can be changed directly through the application of social–learning principles. Assessment procedures focus on
describing how an individual behaves, thinks, and feels in specific situations. Treatment methods are derived from the theories and findings of...show
more content...
This procedure, used to alleviate anxiety in adult patients, became one of the best–known and most widely used behavior–modification techniques.
Another key development in the evolution of behavior modification was the work of Hans Eysenck and his colleagues in England in the 1950s.
Eysenck defined behavior modification as the application of modern learning theory to the treatment of behavioral and emotional problems. He held
that, in contrast to traditional psychoanalytic procedures, the efficacy of behavior–modification procedures could be verified through experiments.
The third major development in the evolution of behavior modification was the publication in 1953 of B. F. Skinner's Science and Human Behavior.
This work heralded a philosophical shift from the search for inner causes of behavior to an emphasis on the measurement and modification of
observable behavior.
A fundamental tenet of Skinner's radical behaviorism is that the probability of a behavior is related directly to the nature of the environmental
consequences that follow performance of that behavior. From this basic tenet he derived a set of procedures for modifying behavior by a method called
operant conditioning. Specifically, behavior is strengthened, or increased in frequency, when followed by either a positive consequence (positive
reinforcement) or removal of a negative consequence (negative reinforcement). Behavior is weakened, or decreased
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Social Influences on Behavior Essay
Social Influences on Behavior Rhonda Hager PSY/300 June 25, 2012 Teresa Neal Social Influences on Behavior Introduction All humans' behavior is
affected by social influences to some extent. The level of influence will vary from person to person, depending on the several factors, such as
self–esteem, their level of self–awareness, morals, and values (Velden, 2007). People do many things to ensure they are accepted by the people in
their group and to keep from being ostracized by individuals around them (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). Individuals are usually guided by their
own sense of what is right or wrong and will make logical decisions based on this. However, they will sometimes completely push their own individual
identity...show more content...
This type of group mentality is referred to as "groupthink." Group think, a concept discovered by Irving Janis, is the thought process that takes
place among members of a cohesive group wherein they cease to consider their individual desires and instead respond according to group beliefs.
This is done to ensure the solidity of the group. The members value this even more than their own views. Obedience Another form of social
influence is obedience. Obedience occurs when an individual acts in response to an order by a person in authority whether that order goes against
what they know to be right or not. This can be done to gain acceptance or to avoid punishment. Obedience accounts for a large amount of the
medication errors that happen in hospitals each day. An example of this is a nurse following a doctor's order even when the doctor's orders go
against her professional obligations. This was demonstrated in an experiment conducted by C. Hofling. In Hofling's experiment 22 nurses who
worked at a hospital were contacted by a staff doctor that they did not know. They were told to give twice the highest dose of a drug to his patient. If
the nurses did what they were told they would be going against three different rules. First, they were not to accept doctor's orders over the phone.
Second, the dose called for by the doctor was double the maximum for that drug. Third, the medication was not on their authorized list of medications.
Of the 22 nurses 21
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Behavior Theories Essay
Behavior Theories
The wide study of human beings has led psychologists to the development of many theories explaining the elements that cause a persons behavior and
attitude. In this paper I would like to reflect upon some of the theories we studied such as: the cultivation theory, social learning theory, the attribution
theory, and the cognitive dissonance theory, and relate them to my life and surrounding environment.
I'd like to first start off with the cultivation theory (also keep in mind the social learning theory, it is of the same nature). For those unfamiliar with this
theory it states, the more media one consumes the more likely he or she will perceive the world as scary place. Now to be totally honest my views
...show more content...
The next theory that I would like to discuss is the attribution theory. The attribution theory basically states how we judge other people by both
appearance and actions. When we first started discussion of this theory I was quite confused. I thought the reading was difficult to understand and very
unclear at stating what the attribution theory was all about. Well, then the theory was broken down in class and it all became clear to me, I was able to
relate well with it. I connected strong with the whole intra and inter–personal part of the theory, mainly because that was what my first two essays for
Prof. Paulman were on. So I had part knowledge of this theory already without even knowing it, and I basically put the pieces together. When I
think of the attribution theory I think of the popular saying, "don't judge a book by its cover." I can totally relate almost everyday of my life to
this theory, which to me is rather irritating. One of the most obvious situations is store harassment. My friends and I cannot go into a store,
whether it be clothing or convience it doesn't matter, there will always be those one or two employees that think all thieves look like my friends
and I. This brings to mind a kind of funny story. Me and two of my friends, Jay and Terrance, were called upon by Jay's mother to drop some sort of
paper work off to her at her job, she was on the clock and could
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Essay about Behavior
Behavior–
Behave, it its root form, means to contain or to have. In the reflective sense, it means 'to have bear oneself'. To use the word behave in common
conversation, it is understood as to 'behave well'. As for the phrase 'to behave badly', it is understood immediately.
Behavior is looked at in society as the way a person presents him or herself in a given situation. It is also related to the specialized sense of manners.
Use of the noun to refer to public conduct or, in a moral sense, to a general range of activities is still quite common.
But the term is also used in relation to plants, lower organisms and animals to describe the apparent activity of the whole organism.
One particular meaning followed from the extension of the...show more content...
Different stages of bourgeois society led to different stages of the capitalist mode of economic production. It is often difficult to separate the meaning
of bourgeois from the meaning used to describe historically distinct periods and phrases of social and cultural development. The bourgeois ideology of
settled independent citizens is clearly not the same as the bourgeois ideology of the highly mobile agents of a para–national corporation. There are also
some problems between bourgeois and capitalist, which are often used interchangeably but which are primarily distinguishable as social and economic
terms.
There can be difficulties of usage, associated with some of the most intense controversies of analysis, when the same word is used for the whole
society in which one class is dominate and for a specific class within that whole society.
Bureaucracy–
Definition– the word Bureaucracy originated in English in the middle of the 1900's. The word bureau had its meaning of a writing desk with drawers.
The American use of Bureaucracy has become more common, especially with references to foreign branches. As the word bureaucracy evolved, many
different meanings have been taken to affect.
The increasing scale of commercial organization, with a corresponding increase in government intervention and legal controls, and with the increasing
importance of organized and professional central government, produced the political facts to which the new term pointed.
In
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Aggressive Behavior Essay
Aggressive Behavior
Aggression is a behavioral characteristic that refers to forceful actions or procedures (such a deliberate attack) with intentions to dominate or master. It
tends to be hostile, injurious, or destructive, and is often motivated by frustration (The Merriam–Webster Dictionary, 1995). For an individual,
aggressive behavior is considered understandable and normal under appropriate circumstances, but when it is frequent, intense, lasting, and pervasive,
it is more likely to be a symptom of a mental disorder. Likewise, aggression between groups, can be in the form of healthy competition, but can become
harmful when unfair or unjust disadvantage or frustration is perceived, leading to hostility (Brown, 1986)....show more content...
Likewise, Oltmanns, Neale, & Davison (1991) indicate that there is evidence of a genetically inheritable predisposition for psychopathy, possibly
involving the autonomic nervous system, which is connected to emotion. This idea is based on studying psychopaths' particular adeptness at ignoring
stimuli.
Research has also supported the theory that psychopaths fail to appreciate the emotional significance of an event or experience. This, along with
unwillingness or inability to "process or use the deep semantic meanings of language," may be causal in psychopaths' apparently subtle form of
thought disorder. This apparent lack of central organization of behavior and logic may be a factor in the aggressiveness of their behavior (Oltmanns,
Neale, & Davison, 1991).
Furthermore, the family environment of psychopaths may contribute to their abnormal behavior. A lack of parental affection and severe parental
rejection may cause influential adjustment problems. Inconsistency in discipline, and a failure of parents to teach children their responsibilities may
additionally play a causal role in the development of psychopathy (Emery &Oltmanns, 1998).
Finally, avoidance learning may contribute to psychopathy. People suffering from this disorder seemingly feel no need to avoid the negative
consequences of social misbehavior. Therefore, they may have few
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Classroom Behavior Essay
Would you be surprised to learn that in today's classroom children sometimes aren't learning due to behavioral issues? Teachers are attempting to teach
classes in which students can be disruptive, disrespectful and defiant. Classrooms are often overcrowded which adds to the frustration of the situation.
Teachers are often tempted to take the easy way out, using antiquated strategies that will usually not help the child to learn. In fact, some types of
punishments can actually cause the child to become even more rebellious. The child can experience a sense of worthlessness after being punished again
and again.
Children do not act out because they are "bad." They act out in the hopes of receiving some kind of response or reward. In the...show more content...
On the other hand, if that child fills the need for attention by getting into trouble at school, they will get into trouble. Skinner tells us that
"non–reinforcement leads to the extinction of a behavior." In other words if teachers figure out what the child is getting from exhibiting a particular
behavior, they can then give that child the exact opposite of the expected response. If our response is consistent the child will eventually give up the
behavior in lieu of another which yields more satisfying results. The reward system is sometimes turned around to reinforce poor behavior. Often,
children who are misbehaving are looking for some sort of a reaction. It is possible that they believe that it is better to not even try than to try and fail.
It could also be true that the only type of attention they receive comes from the instances in which they misbehave. Although as adults it may seem
logical that one would avoid being singled out or chastised, children who have little sense of self worth will "take what they can get." Skinner calls his
strategy for dealing with disruption "non–reinforcement." Skinner's theory claims that "non–reinforcement leads to extinction of behavior." By
ignoring disruptive behavior, a teacher can extinguish it. Eventually, the disruptive student will realize that their behavior will not gain any response
will seek another way to belong to the group.
There are many
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Behavior Analysis Essay
in order to form a unified science. These three behavior steps talk about how to analyze behavior in a way people can easily understand how
behaviors are learned and depicting them. In the first journal article, discuss about the important issues in the behavior analysis. Staats said " the first
detailed behavioral analysis of child development and how the parents are involved in such development (pg.307)." This quote is talking about the
behavior on people's parenting skills and how to analyze the child's development. In doing so people can have a better sense on how to teach their
children and see whether the children learns from their family. Staats said " PB program of psychologizing behaviorism rests upon the standard
psychological tradition, accepting that traditional psychological terms somehow designate unitary phenomena worthy of scientific investigation."
(pg.308 Isolating Phenomena for Scientific Study). This quote talks about how Staats program in psychologizing behaviorism is accepted in the
psychology as a term in a phenomena scientific investigation. By psychologizing behaviorism we are able to evaluate the minds of children's actions
and adults as well....show more content...
309). This quote by Staats talk about behavioral repertoire has to do with personality and signs of proportion of life. Behavioral has to do with
personality and the mood on people's emotion. I agree with Staat's research because behaviors come from people's personalities and the way they do
doings around people or even not with people. It clearly to say behavior cannot often be contained unless the host can control their way of acting and
subject to
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Psychology and Human Behavior Essay
Psychology and Human Behavior What makes people behave the way they do? Can anyone analyse 12 billion brain cells to determine how and why the
mind functions the way it does?How is it that people being similar in physiological terms, are yet so different in psychological terms?
Man has a multiple nature,there is a constant conflict...between good & evil, between the urges & restricting forces, between thoughts & feelings, head
& heart, soul & body,lower nature & upper nature,...show more content...
The book says Yes! The answer is Transactional Analysis..TA, which is a tool to map the blue print of the mind. Dr.Thomas Harris, a disciple of
Dr.Sullivan, working with Dr, Eric Berne, came out with the theory in early 70's and wrote this book, which was a bestseller.
Dr. Penfield, a neuro–surgeon, conducted a variety of experiments in 1950's using electrodes to stimulate various parts and spots of the brain. The
experiments revealed that;
a) Not only the past events are recorded in detail by human brain, but also the feelings associated with the events. Both are inexorably locked together,
one cannot be evoked without the other.
b) Brain is a high fidelity recorder that puts on tape every experience right from birth, even before birth. It is a unique recorder that can not only record
images and sounds, but also sights,smells,feelings and emotions too.
c) Experiences can not only be recalled, but also be re–lived.
d) Persons can live in two states at a time. Being in the present,one can re–visit and re–live the past as an observer,guest.
Dr Harris and Berne take over from here. The theory of TA, as I have understood is as follows;
The unit of social intercourse is a transaction which comprises of a stimulus, and a response. Both these can be verbal or non verbal communications
which indicate a transaction. If the transactions are analysed, one can analyse the human nature.
Parent(P), Adult (A), and Child(C), are three parts of any person's
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Behaviors, are what people do and say, as humans, we notice how certain behaviors can be desirable but also undesirable. Though behavior
modification, a person can attempt to alter a specific behavior by analyzing the behavior, and create a personalized plan to modify the behavior.
When analyzing the behavior a person needs to decide if the behavior is either is in excess (to decrease the undesirable behavior) or deficit (to
increase desirable behavior). Once behavior is the selected, then the person must decide if they desire to increase or decrease their behavior.
Afterwards, the person needs to create a plan of action, this depends on their research design and recording method. The plan action is personalized
for each study. Behavior modification allows a person to analyze a specific behavior and use a scientific technique to test if their treatment
/intervention will modify their behavior. For example, I choose a target behavior to modify this semester which was studying. I had a behavioral
deficit in studying that I desired to address, I wished to increase my time studying by twenty–five percent. My definition of studying was any time (in
minutes) that I dedicated to focusing on material necessary for my current classes, some examples are reading material for class, doing assignments for
class (homework or essays), and reviewing material for exams (additional reading, notes, or index cards). I wished to address my study habits because I
had noticed I felt like I never
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Essay about Behavior Psychology
Behavior Psychology Psychology is defined as a science that focuses on the study of and to explain the way human's think, behave, and feel. The
behaviourist school of psychology is concerned with the explanation of behaviour through observable outcomes without making reference to mental
events. Behaviourism is very narrow and can be strongly objected in its approach to psychology as it does not consider the mental thought process
involvement in behaviour. This school of psychology is very much about nurture rather than...show more content...
The belief is that human behaviour can be trained because human emotions are so malleable therefore personality is forever changeable (Cohen, 1979).
Behaviour is simply a reaction to a stimulus which once learned becomes part of learned habit. It was also believed learning occurs through the
reinforcement of certain aspects of the situation. Reinforcement is when something is added to the situation which makes the same reaction in that
situation more likely in future (McInerney, 1998). The belief was that most of behaviour is a result of what has been learnt, which is to say that it is the
result of the environment rather than biological influences. Therefore the study of learning and the conditions under which it occurs is the core project
of behaviourism (Tennant, 1997) Behaviouristic therapy is aimed at the modification of behaviour especially undesirable ones by mainly reinforcing
the desirable behaviour and suppressing or punishing the undesirable and unwanted behaviour. Once the therapist has identified the behaviour and
triggering factors they may employ several techniques to condition or recondition the person's behaviour. These methods of therapy have been derived
and adapted by experiments done by earlier behaviourists such as Pavlov, Watson and Skinner. Methods used today
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Emotional Behaviour Problems Essay
Emotional Behaviour Problems
Many children in today's world experience some form of emotional behavior. In some cases these emotions are not adequetly dealt with well by the
child. How do teachers, the government, and parents deal with children who have behavior problems ranging from moderate, to severe? The answer is
to follow. This paper will discuss five different articles which define what a behavior problem is, classroom management strategies for students and
teachers, and the education environments that are best for children with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders. (EBD) Topics also included, community
support, teacher perceptions of what is being done, and parent's perspectives on the services provided for their youths...show more content...
This article was very informative. I was aware of the negative attitudes some teachers can have towards students having encountered a few of these
myself. What I was unaware of, however, was that the reciprocal effect of negative behavior. When a teacher demands, a child reacts negatively and as
such the teacher responds with more assertion. This obviously is not a good thing when trying to deal with children who have EBD. I also feel that the
classroom strategies offered by the authors could be extremely helpful in future situations that I may encounter. Giving students the chance to
participate in determining the rules may result in the desired positive effect.
The second article I read, "Educational Environments for the pupil with Behavioral Disorders: A "Best Evidence" synthesis." By Barry H. Schnieder
and Janice Leroux, discussed the progress of children with behavior problems in different educational environments. The authors reviewed different
placements for students and the headway made by each I their settings. Many different methods were used to examine the research and get a 'best
evidence' report from the collective research.
The research found that while it is possible to use intervention in a classroom or a special school, the costs and limitation of staff and time were too
many. The authors developed a technique called meta–analysis
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Behavioural Theories Essay example
Behavioural Theories From San Antonio, take Interstate Ten west and you will find it. It's a straight shot and not too far of a drive. Forty–five minutes
of weaving through the Texas Hill Country and you will run smack–dab into Comfort. Blink and you'll miss it. Nestled between hills, pastures, and the
nooks of the Guadalupe River, Comfort may seem to fit the part of typical "small town Texas." Highlights include antiques, big high school football
games, gossip, numerous generations of the same family, parades, community wide church barbecues, and a Dairy Queen. Sometimes even I, having
lived there all my life,...show more content...
In turn, Comfort's historical background stays well conserved and appreciated. Both non–native and natives actively take part in the preservation of
Comfort's German heritage, including buildings, monuments, and customs. One of the town's more preserved areas is High Street or Main Street,
sometimes humorously deemed "downtown." High Street is home to Comfort's historical district. The first original buildings of the settlement line the
street, including Ingeinhut's General Store, the Comfort Common (the town's first hotel,) and the opera house. Other points of interest include the old
post office, the Comfort Public Library, and the soda shop. Stained and cracked with age, these large limestone buildings display obvious German
architecture reminiscent of the early the late 1800s. The most famous spot on High Street, though, and the center of my research, is somewhat of a
hole–in–the–wall. Covered in such publications as Texas Monthly and Southern Living, Gael's Comfort Barber Shop, established in 1906, seems to be
the center of High Street popularity. The owner, Gael Montana, is the third owner of the barber shop in almost one hundred years of operation. She,
along with friend and co–worker Jim Moore, give people hair cuts, gossip, shaves, friendly advice, shampoos, news, companionship, and a place to
relax in this one room
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Behavior Management Approach Essay

  • 1.
    Behavior Management ApproachEssay Judith Ortega EDU–450 October 25, 2014 Jayne Marie–Yenko Behavior Management Approach Teachers must understand that they may face students with different kinds of disruptive behaviors in their classroom. It can be by far, one of the most worrisome issues teachers may come in contact with. Unfortunately, even when taking steps to prevent disruptive behavior, one can never guarantee a disruption–free class. This is why it is important that teachers are prepared with a plan on how they are going to approach such situations. In the scenario to follow, a teacher faces a disruptive student in class. The goal of the teacher will be to use her behavioral approach to diffuse the situation and not allow it to escalate any further by...show more content... Adams: "Layla, please stop talking and complete the morning assignment". Layla then turns around to sit back in her chair only to turn back around and begin talking to Jessie again a few minutes later. Ms. Adams: "Layla, let's talk outside for a moment". Ms. Adams' list of consequences states that students will get two verbal warnings before consequences go into effect. Talking to Layla outside of the classroom is the second warning. She does not want to embarrass Layla at all. Ms. Adams would actually like to speak to her in private to find out what is going on without her feeling embarrassed or get the other students involved. Sometimes when students feel embarrassed, they can act our more just to cover up the way they feel and the way they assume their classmates are looking at them. Ms. Adams also does not want to make Layla an easy target for getting teased by her fellow classmates. Ms. Adams: "Layla, is everything ok?" Layla: "Yes." Ms. Adams: "Are you sure? You know you can talk to me if there is something bothering you or if there is something you want to express and share with me. It is important to always use your words to express how you feel." Layla: "I know, but there is nothing wrong." Ms. Adams: "Ok, so what is the classroom rule about talking?" Layla: "We must raise our hands for permission to speak." Ms. Adams: "So why are you talking when you are not supposed to? You are not following the rules when you do that". Layla: "I just wanted to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2.
    Organizational Behavior Essay OrganisationalBehaviour (OB) is the study of human behaviour in an organisation. It is a multidisciplinary field devoted to the understanding individual and group behaviour, interpersonal processes and organisational dynamics. OB is important to all management functions, roles and skills. Since organisations are built up levels – individual, group and an organizational system as a whole, it is important for managers to understand human behaviour in order to meet the organizations overall goals. I found several key learning areas that are meaningful, interesting and relevant to my work over the course of studying this unit. These key learning areas have not only expanded and improved my view of organisational behaviour but they also have...show more content... As a manager working in a diverse organisation, this learning area will help me to recognise the differences between team members and to effectively manage these differences by encouraging participation in diverse training, establishing benefit programs such bonuses, flexi–time to accommodate the different needs of different employees. It's important to communicate to staff about goals and objectives, corporate culture and common practice. This can be done by developing employee handbooks with detailed guidelines that can be handed out at orientation days. Individual Level Factors Edwin Locke's Goal–Setting Theory Locke (1960) proposes that intentions to work towards a goal are a major source of work motivation. Goals help us to determine the level of effort that we need to apply to a task. To motivate employees, goals must take into consideration the degree to which each of the following exists: clarity, challenge, commitment, feedback and task complexity. If all five of these elements are present, goal theory says that we will be motivated to produce to a maximum. The specificity of the goal acts as an internal stimulus, the more difficult the goal, the higher the level of performance. Difficult goals energise us because we have to work harder and persist to attain them. I now consider the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3.
    Essay On BehaviorAnalysis I am writing to give my highest recommendation Cleidys Taveras, for the possibility of been accepted into you Behavior Analysis Program. I have worked closely with students for over fifteen year and have loved every minute of it. I knew from the age of eighteen that my calling was to become a Special education teacher and help those students that are in need. My most rewarding experiences are associated to my career and the progress that my students have made. Been able to teach students with different disabilities have provided with the opportunity to learn, discover, and gain experience in the education filed. My experiences have provided me with the capability to make decision educationally that has changed my life, but more important has improved students and their families' life. My career path has been a process that provided me with knowledge on an every day basis. I started as a school aide, move to a paraprofessional, kept going as a teacher–student, to sub–teaching, to finally obtaining a Master in Special Education/General education with an Bilingual...show more content... The opportunity to become a Behavior analysis will help me learn focus and optioning different methods on managing behaviors that can be readily observed and measured. At the same time I will expose to specific studies that concentrates in measuring specific influences, such as the environment, on behavior, or look for new ways to solve behavior problems in specific audiences, such as school children or the elderly. Touro will provide me with all the knowledge, techniques, and information needed to excel in the Autism field. The Behavior Analysis program will expose me to improving my instruction, classroom management strategies, confidence and knowledge related to the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4.
    Behavioral Psychology Paper Behavioralpsychology, I believe, best describes the way people feel and behave since events in the environment heavily influences human reactions. For example, when one hears an alarm clock go off, one may feel very unhappy or groggy due to associating dreading an event they had to wake up early for. In addition, certain memories or experiences triggers emotions, much like the alarm clock example. Also, if people are not rewarded for their good behavior, they may likely become unmotivated or teach themselves that they are not good enough. On page 20, the behavioral psychology section states, "Using this tool, they could begin to account for behavior as the product of prior experience. This enabled them to explain how certain acts and certain Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5.
    Behavioral Learning TheoryEssay The Behavioral Learning Theory believes that behavior is learned from either the environment, the people in the individual's life, the media, or society as a whole. This theory contradicts the Biological theory, which states that criminals are "born to be bad" and that criminal behavior is inherited. The behavioral theory looks at the environment as well as society's impact on how an individual acts which might be the reason for criminal behavior. This theory blames the environment as well as the individual by saying it is a learned behavior and that it also was a choice they made. A basic assumption is that behavior is learned and modeled by individuals, groups, the media, and society as a whole. The theory explains why people...show more content... The writers of this theory believe that if more positive role models and more positive actions are taken then fewer crimes would be committed. I believe that it is an individual's personal attachment, commitment, involvement, bonds, morals, and values which indicates whether or not they will be criminals or not. There have been different types of surveys done to support the behavioral theory. One is that surveys have been conducted in the neighborhoods in which the most crimes take place. Some of the questions asked have been do the participants come from single family homes or homes with parents, what type music, television, and movies do they watch, and what type of goals do they have for themselves. Most of the surveys show that the individuals who come from single family homes and watch the most violent shows are the ones most likely to become criminals or have participated in criminal activity. I do not agree with the survey because there are many people who come from good homes who still participate in criminal activity by their own choice. I believe a weakness of this theory is that it does not explain why everyone commits crime. It also shifts the blame from the individual who committed the crime to the factors that may have caused the crime to take place. An example would be instead of the person who steals being blamed for the crime, the blame is then on the environment because it is a low Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6.
    How do otherpeople influence our behaviour? The public may influence our behaviour though social influence in two different ways, the first is normative influence which is "an influence to conform to the positive expectations of others" (Cohen 1964). This is shown by Asch where the participant's task was to compare the length of the lines by matching the standard line with three comparisons, one of which was clearly obvious the correct answer this is known as an unambiguous task. Asch found that when the majority of the confederate said the wrong answer the minority who was the participant also gave the wrong answer knowing it wasn't correct (Asch 1956) this shows how they changed their answer to fit in with the group even when they knew...show more content... Later research by Perrin and Spenser in 1980 carried out the exact experiment on British engineering, maths and chemistry students. They found that out of 396 trials only in one of the trials a participant conformed to the majority that were wrong (McLeod 2008). This is clear evidence showing poor reliability of Asch study and it shows how in modern day society people may be less influence by others. One way the public may influence our behaviour is by persuasive communication this shows how an individual's attitude may change by external messages and influence their behaviour. As research from Hovland and Weiss in 1952 shows how experts are more persuasive than non–experts. As they found the same arguments were seen to be more persuasive when delivered by someone who seems to know all the facts (Hogg & Vaugham 2011). This meaning that when people are told information by an authority figure who may be seen as an expert they are more likely to trust it and this can lead to them modifying their attitudes and behaviour. For example a teacher may tell a child that they are not very academically cleaver leading them to believe this and changing their attitudes and behaviour like not completing assignments or coming Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7.
    Learning Behavior Essays LearningBehavior Psychologists have preformed many studies and proposed many theories regarding learning. Learning can be defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that is due to past experience. John B. Watson was an early psychologist that didn't agree with many other psychologist's ideas about learning only relating to consciousness and thought processes. As the founder of behaviorism, Watson studied learning in a behavioral perspective, an approach that emphasizes the relationship between outwardly observable behaviors and environmental events, rather than mental processes. Classical conditioning is a process of learning associations between stimuli used by Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. In...show more content... Skinner believed that classical conditioning was limited to behaviors that are reflexively elicited. An operant describes behaviors that are "operate upon the environment to generate consequences." Reinforcement follows an operant and increases the likelihood of the operant being repeated. There are two forms of reinforcement: positive and negative reinforcement. When an event occurs producing a positive effect, it is considered positive reinforcement. Negative reinforcement involves the removal of a stimulus increasing the likelihood of a positive effect. An example of this would be to take two aspirins to remove the pain from a headache. Punishment is a process that decreases the likelihood of a behavior to occur again. This is not to be confused with negative reinforcement because it doesn't increase the likelihood of an occurrence. There are drawbacks to punishment. It doesn't teach an appropriate behavior to replace an inappropriate one. Also, intense punishment can lead to results such as passivity, fear, anxiety, or hostility. Finally, effects of punishment are sometimes temporary. An alternative to punishment is trying to change the behavior of others. First, stop reinforcing the problem behavior by identifying the reinforcer and eliminating it. When it is not possible to eliminate the reinforcement, remove the opportunity to obtain positive reinforcement. An example of this would be time–out for a child because he or she is no longer Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8.
    Behavior Modification Essayexample Behavior Modification Behavior Modification, a psychological theory of human behavior. It evolved from the application of experimentally derived principles of learning to the modification of problem behaviors. The theory is based on a psychological model of human behavior that rejects the psychoanalytic or quasi–disease model of mental illness. Approaches to behavior modification assume that abnormal behavior is acquired and maintained in the same manner as normal behavior and can be changed directly through the application of social–learning principles. Assessment procedures focus on describing how an individual behaves, thinks, and feels in specific situations. Treatment methods are derived from the theories and findings of...show more content... This procedure, used to alleviate anxiety in adult patients, became one of the best–known and most widely used behavior–modification techniques. Another key development in the evolution of behavior modification was the work of Hans Eysenck and his colleagues in England in the 1950s. Eysenck defined behavior modification as the application of modern learning theory to the treatment of behavioral and emotional problems. He held that, in contrast to traditional psychoanalytic procedures, the efficacy of behavior–modification procedures could be verified through experiments. The third major development in the evolution of behavior modification was the publication in 1953 of B. F. Skinner's Science and Human Behavior. This work heralded a philosophical shift from the search for inner causes of behavior to an emphasis on the measurement and modification of observable behavior. A fundamental tenet of Skinner's radical behaviorism is that the probability of a behavior is related directly to the nature of the environmental consequences that follow performance of that behavior. From this basic tenet he derived a set of procedures for modifying behavior by a method called operant conditioning. Specifically, behavior is strengthened, or increased in frequency, when followed by either a positive consequence (positive reinforcement) or removal of a negative consequence (negative reinforcement). Behavior is weakened, or decreased Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9.
    Social Influences onBehavior Essay Social Influences on Behavior Rhonda Hager PSY/300 June 25, 2012 Teresa Neal Social Influences on Behavior Introduction All humans' behavior is affected by social influences to some extent. The level of influence will vary from person to person, depending on the several factors, such as self–esteem, their level of self–awareness, morals, and values (Velden, 2007). People do many things to ensure they are accepted by the people in their group and to keep from being ostracized by individuals around them (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). Individuals are usually guided by their own sense of what is right or wrong and will make logical decisions based on this. However, they will sometimes completely push their own individual identity...show more content... This type of group mentality is referred to as "groupthink." Group think, a concept discovered by Irving Janis, is the thought process that takes place among members of a cohesive group wherein they cease to consider their individual desires and instead respond according to group beliefs. This is done to ensure the solidity of the group. The members value this even more than their own views. Obedience Another form of social influence is obedience. Obedience occurs when an individual acts in response to an order by a person in authority whether that order goes against what they know to be right or not. This can be done to gain acceptance or to avoid punishment. Obedience accounts for a large amount of the medication errors that happen in hospitals each day. An example of this is a nurse following a doctor's order even when the doctor's orders go against her professional obligations. This was demonstrated in an experiment conducted by C. Hofling. In Hofling's experiment 22 nurses who worked at a hospital were contacted by a staff doctor that they did not know. They were told to give twice the highest dose of a drug to his patient. If the nurses did what they were told they would be going against three different rules. First, they were not to accept doctor's orders over the phone. Second, the dose called for by the doctor was double the maximum for that drug. Third, the medication was not on their authorized list of medications. Of the 22 nurses 21 Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10.
    Behavior Theories Essay BehaviorTheories The wide study of human beings has led psychologists to the development of many theories explaining the elements that cause a persons behavior and attitude. In this paper I would like to reflect upon some of the theories we studied such as: the cultivation theory, social learning theory, the attribution theory, and the cognitive dissonance theory, and relate them to my life and surrounding environment. I'd like to first start off with the cultivation theory (also keep in mind the social learning theory, it is of the same nature). For those unfamiliar with this theory it states, the more media one consumes the more likely he or she will perceive the world as scary place. Now to be totally honest my views ...show more content... The next theory that I would like to discuss is the attribution theory. The attribution theory basically states how we judge other people by both appearance and actions. When we first started discussion of this theory I was quite confused. I thought the reading was difficult to understand and very unclear at stating what the attribution theory was all about. Well, then the theory was broken down in class and it all became clear to me, I was able to relate well with it. I connected strong with the whole intra and inter–personal part of the theory, mainly because that was what my first two essays for Prof. Paulman were on. So I had part knowledge of this theory already without even knowing it, and I basically put the pieces together. When I think of the attribution theory I think of the popular saying, "don't judge a book by its cover." I can totally relate almost everyday of my life to this theory, which to me is rather irritating. One of the most obvious situations is store harassment. My friends and I cannot go into a store, whether it be clothing or convience it doesn't matter, there will always be those one or two employees that think all thieves look like my friends and I. This brings to mind a kind of funny story. Me and two of my friends, Jay and Terrance, were called upon by Jay's mother to drop some sort of paper work off to her at her job, she was on the clock and could Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11.
    Essay about Behavior Behavior– Behave,it its root form, means to contain or to have. In the reflective sense, it means 'to have bear oneself'. To use the word behave in common conversation, it is understood as to 'behave well'. As for the phrase 'to behave badly', it is understood immediately. Behavior is looked at in society as the way a person presents him or herself in a given situation. It is also related to the specialized sense of manners. Use of the noun to refer to public conduct or, in a moral sense, to a general range of activities is still quite common. But the term is also used in relation to plants, lower organisms and animals to describe the apparent activity of the whole organism. One particular meaning followed from the extension of the...show more content... Different stages of bourgeois society led to different stages of the capitalist mode of economic production. It is often difficult to separate the meaning of bourgeois from the meaning used to describe historically distinct periods and phrases of social and cultural development. The bourgeois ideology of settled independent citizens is clearly not the same as the bourgeois ideology of the highly mobile agents of a para–national corporation. There are also some problems between bourgeois and capitalist, which are often used interchangeably but which are primarily distinguishable as social and economic terms. There can be difficulties of usage, associated with some of the most intense controversies of analysis, when the same word is used for the whole society in which one class is dominate and for a specific class within that whole society. Bureaucracy– Definition– the word Bureaucracy originated in English in the middle of the 1900's. The word bureau had its meaning of a writing desk with drawers. The American use of Bureaucracy has become more common, especially with references to foreign branches. As the word bureaucracy evolved, many different meanings have been taken to affect. The increasing scale of commercial organization, with a corresponding increase in government intervention and legal controls, and with the increasing importance of organized and professional central government, produced the political facts to which the new term pointed.
  • 12.
    In Get more contenton HelpWriting.net
  • 13.
    Aggressive Behavior Essay AggressiveBehavior Aggression is a behavioral characteristic that refers to forceful actions or procedures (such a deliberate attack) with intentions to dominate or master. It tends to be hostile, injurious, or destructive, and is often motivated by frustration (The Merriam–Webster Dictionary, 1995). For an individual, aggressive behavior is considered understandable and normal under appropriate circumstances, but when it is frequent, intense, lasting, and pervasive, it is more likely to be a symptom of a mental disorder. Likewise, aggression between groups, can be in the form of healthy competition, but can become harmful when unfair or unjust disadvantage or frustration is perceived, leading to hostility (Brown, 1986)....show more content... Likewise, Oltmanns, Neale, & Davison (1991) indicate that there is evidence of a genetically inheritable predisposition for psychopathy, possibly involving the autonomic nervous system, which is connected to emotion. This idea is based on studying psychopaths' particular adeptness at ignoring stimuli. Research has also supported the theory that psychopaths fail to appreciate the emotional significance of an event or experience. This, along with unwillingness or inability to "process or use the deep semantic meanings of language," may be causal in psychopaths' apparently subtle form of thought disorder. This apparent lack of central organization of behavior and logic may be a factor in the aggressiveness of their behavior (Oltmanns, Neale, & Davison, 1991). Furthermore, the family environment of psychopaths may contribute to their abnormal behavior. A lack of parental affection and severe parental rejection may cause influential adjustment problems. Inconsistency in discipline, and a failure of parents to teach children their responsibilities may additionally play a causal role in the development of psychopathy (Emery &Oltmanns, 1998). Finally, avoidance learning may contribute to psychopathy. People suffering from this disorder seemingly feel no need to avoid the negative consequences of social misbehavior. Therefore, they may have few Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14.
    Classroom Behavior Essay Wouldyou be surprised to learn that in today's classroom children sometimes aren't learning due to behavioral issues? Teachers are attempting to teach classes in which students can be disruptive, disrespectful and defiant. Classrooms are often overcrowded which adds to the frustration of the situation. Teachers are often tempted to take the easy way out, using antiquated strategies that will usually not help the child to learn. In fact, some types of punishments can actually cause the child to become even more rebellious. The child can experience a sense of worthlessness after being punished again and again. Children do not act out because they are "bad." They act out in the hopes of receiving some kind of response or reward. In the...show more content... On the other hand, if that child fills the need for attention by getting into trouble at school, they will get into trouble. Skinner tells us that "non–reinforcement leads to the extinction of a behavior." In other words if teachers figure out what the child is getting from exhibiting a particular behavior, they can then give that child the exact opposite of the expected response. If our response is consistent the child will eventually give up the behavior in lieu of another which yields more satisfying results. The reward system is sometimes turned around to reinforce poor behavior. Often, children who are misbehaving are looking for some sort of a reaction. It is possible that they believe that it is better to not even try than to try and fail. It could also be true that the only type of attention they receive comes from the instances in which they misbehave. Although as adults it may seem logical that one would avoid being singled out or chastised, children who have little sense of self worth will "take what they can get." Skinner calls his strategy for dealing with disruption "non–reinforcement." Skinner's theory claims that "non–reinforcement leads to extinction of behavior." By ignoring disruptive behavior, a teacher can extinguish it. Eventually, the disruptive student will realize that their behavior will not gain any response will seek another way to belong to the group. There are many Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15.
    Behavior Analysis Essay inorder to form a unified science. These three behavior steps talk about how to analyze behavior in a way people can easily understand how behaviors are learned and depicting them. In the first journal article, discuss about the important issues in the behavior analysis. Staats said " the first detailed behavioral analysis of child development and how the parents are involved in such development (pg.307)." This quote is talking about the behavior on people's parenting skills and how to analyze the child's development. In doing so people can have a better sense on how to teach their children and see whether the children learns from their family. Staats said " PB program of psychologizing behaviorism rests upon the standard psychological tradition, accepting that traditional psychological terms somehow designate unitary phenomena worthy of scientific investigation." (pg.308 Isolating Phenomena for Scientific Study). This quote talks about how Staats program in psychologizing behaviorism is accepted in the psychology as a term in a phenomena scientific investigation. By psychologizing behaviorism we are able to evaluate the minds of children's actions and adults as well....show more content... 309). This quote by Staats talk about behavioral repertoire has to do with personality and signs of proportion of life. Behavioral has to do with personality and the mood on people's emotion. I agree with Staat's research because behaviors come from people's personalities and the way they do doings around people or even not with people. It clearly to say behavior cannot often be contained unless the host can control their way of acting and subject to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16.
    Psychology and HumanBehavior Essay Psychology and Human Behavior What makes people behave the way they do? Can anyone analyse 12 billion brain cells to determine how and why the mind functions the way it does?How is it that people being similar in physiological terms, are yet so different in psychological terms? Man has a multiple nature,there is a constant conflict...between good & evil, between the urges & restricting forces, between thoughts & feelings, head & heart, soul & body,lower nature & upper nature,...show more content... The book says Yes! The answer is Transactional Analysis..TA, which is a tool to map the blue print of the mind. Dr.Thomas Harris, a disciple of Dr.Sullivan, working with Dr, Eric Berne, came out with the theory in early 70's and wrote this book, which was a bestseller. Dr. Penfield, a neuro–surgeon, conducted a variety of experiments in 1950's using electrodes to stimulate various parts and spots of the brain. The experiments revealed that; a) Not only the past events are recorded in detail by human brain, but also the feelings associated with the events. Both are inexorably locked together, one cannot be evoked without the other. b) Brain is a high fidelity recorder that puts on tape every experience right from birth, even before birth. It is a unique recorder that can not only record images and sounds, but also sights,smells,feelings and emotions too. c) Experiences can not only be recalled, but also be re–lived. d) Persons can live in two states at a time. Being in the present,one can re–visit and re–live the past as an observer,guest. Dr Harris and Berne take over from here. The theory of TA, as I have understood is as follows; The unit of social intercourse is a transaction which comprises of a stimulus, and a response. Both these can be verbal or non verbal communications which indicate a transaction. If the transactions are analysed, one can analyse the human nature. Parent(P), Adult (A), and Child(C), are three parts of any person's Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17.
    Behaviors, are whatpeople do and say, as humans, we notice how certain behaviors can be desirable but also undesirable. Though behavior modification, a person can attempt to alter a specific behavior by analyzing the behavior, and create a personalized plan to modify the behavior. When analyzing the behavior a person needs to decide if the behavior is either is in excess (to decrease the undesirable behavior) or deficit (to increase desirable behavior). Once behavior is the selected, then the person must decide if they desire to increase or decrease their behavior. Afterwards, the person needs to create a plan of action, this depends on their research design and recording method. The plan action is personalized for each study. Behavior modification allows a person to analyze a specific behavior and use a scientific technique to test if their treatment /intervention will modify their behavior. For example, I choose a target behavior to modify this semester which was studying. I had a behavioral deficit in studying that I desired to address, I wished to increase my time studying by twenty–five percent. My definition of studying was any time (in minutes) that I dedicated to focusing on material necessary for my current classes, some examples are reading material for class, doing assignments for class (homework or essays), and reviewing material for exams (additional reading, notes, or index cards). I wished to address my study habits because I had noticed I felt like I never Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18.
    Essay about BehaviorPsychology Behavior Psychology Psychology is defined as a science that focuses on the study of and to explain the way human's think, behave, and feel. The behaviourist school of psychology is concerned with the explanation of behaviour through observable outcomes without making reference to mental events. Behaviourism is very narrow and can be strongly objected in its approach to psychology as it does not consider the mental thought process involvement in behaviour. This school of psychology is very much about nurture rather than...show more content... The belief is that human behaviour can be trained because human emotions are so malleable therefore personality is forever changeable (Cohen, 1979). Behaviour is simply a reaction to a stimulus which once learned becomes part of learned habit. It was also believed learning occurs through the reinforcement of certain aspects of the situation. Reinforcement is when something is added to the situation which makes the same reaction in that situation more likely in future (McInerney, 1998). The belief was that most of behaviour is a result of what has been learnt, which is to say that it is the result of the environment rather than biological influences. Therefore the study of learning and the conditions under which it occurs is the core project of behaviourism (Tennant, 1997) Behaviouristic therapy is aimed at the modification of behaviour especially undesirable ones by mainly reinforcing the desirable behaviour and suppressing or punishing the undesirable and unwanted behaviour. Once the therapist has identified the behaviour and triggering factors they may employ several techniques to condition or recondition the person's behaviour. These methods of therapy have been derived and adapted by experiments done by earlier behaviourists such as Pavlov, Watson and Skinner. Methods used today Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19.
    Emotional Behaviour ProblemsEssay Emotional Behaviour Problems Many children in today's world experience some form of emotional behavior. In some cases these emotions are not adequetly dealt with well by the child. How do teachers, the government, and parents deal with children who have behavior problems ranging from moderate, to severe? The answer is to follow. This paper will discuss five different articles which define what a behavior problem is, classroom management strategies for students and teachers, and the education environments that are best for children with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders. (EBD) Topics also included, community support, teacher perceptions of what is being done, and parent's perspectives on the services provided for their youths...show more content... This article was very informative. I was aware of the negative attitudes some teachers can have towards students having encountered a few of these myself. What I was unaware of, however, was that the reciprocal effect of negative behavior. When a teacher demands, a child reacts negatively and as such the teacher responds with more assertion. This obviously is not a good thing when trying to deal with children who have EBD. I also feel that the classroom strategies offered by the authors could be extremely helpful in future situations that I may encounter. Giving students the chance to participate in determining the rules may result in the desired positive effect. The second article I read, "Educational Environments for the pupil with Behavioral Disorders: A "Best Evidence" synthesis." By Barry H. Schnieder and Janice Leroux, discussed the progress of children with behavior problems in different educational environments. The authors reviewed different placements for students and the headway made by each I their settings. Many different methods were used to examine the research and get a 'best evidence' report from the collective research. The research found that while it is possible to use intervention in a classroom or a special school, the costs and limitation of staff and time were too many. The authors developed a technique called meta–analysis Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20.
    Behavioural Theories Essayexample Behavioural Theories From San Antonio, take Interstate Ten west and you will find it. It's a straight shot and not too far of a drive. Forty–five minutes of weaving through the Texas Hill Country and you will run smack–dab into Comfort. Blink and you'll miss it. Nestled between hills, pastures, and the nooks of the Guadalupe River, Comfort may seem to fit the part of typical "small town Texas." Highlights include antiques, big high school football games, gossip, numerous generations of the same family, parades, community wide church barbecues, and a Dairy Queen. Sometimes even I, having lived there all my life,...show more content... In turn, Comfort's historical background stays well conserved and appreciated. Both non–native and natives actively take part in the preservation of Comfort's German heritage, including buildings, monuments, and customs. One of the town's more preserved areas is High Street or Main Street, sometimes humorously deemed "downtown." High Street is home to Comfort's historical district. The first original buildings of the settlement line the street, including Ingeinhut's General Store, the Comfort Common (the town's first hotel,) and the opera house. Other points of interest include the old post office, the Comfort Public Library, and the soda shop. Stained and cracked with age, these large limestone buildings display obvious German architecture reminiscent of the early the late 1800s. The most famous spot on High Street, though, and the center of my research, is somewhat of a hole–in–the–wall. Covered in such publications as Texas Monthly and Southern Living, Gael's Comfort Barber Shop, established in 1906, seems to be the center of High Street popularity. The owner, Gael Montana, is the third owner of the barber shop in almost one hundred years of operation. She, along with friend and co–worker Jim Moore, give people hair cuts, gossip, shaves, friendly advice, shampoos, news, companionship, and a place to relax in this one room Get more content on HelpWriting.net