Retrival tools for literature

1. Chapter 4
Retrieval Tools for Literature

2. objectives
 Information retrieval Tools
◦ Catalogue
◦ Index
◦ Registers
◦ Online databases
 Medical Databases
◦ Secondary Publications
 Models of retrievals
◦ Keyword searching
◦ Boolean searching
◦ Proximity searching
◦ Citation searching
Database and structure Knowledge

3. Information Retrieval Tools
 Are the Systems created for retrieval of
information.
 Retrieval tools are essential as basic
building blocks for a system that will
organize recorded information that is
collected by libraries, archives,
museums, etc......

4. Basic Retrieval Tools
 Catalogs
 Indexes
 Bibliographies
 Registers
 Online Databases
 Secondary publications

5. Catalogue
 originating in ancient times also
 Catalogs provide access to individual items
within collections of information sources
(books, videocassettes, computer files,
etc......
 Contains physical description, classification,
and subject analysis.

6.  Access points are determined, subject
headings are assigned, and authority
control terms are applied.
 e.g. OPAC –(online Public Access
Catalogue)of SMU Library,
 NLM- national Library of Medicine.

9. Book catalogue
 each publisher has its
own set of ISBNs,
ordering information,
and relevant currency
pricing

10. description of catalogue Format
 is constructed with predetermined
standard format and rules
◦ AACR2
◦ GILS.
◦ Dublin Core

11. AACR2(Anglo-American
Cataloguing Rules) -
 Used in library, archives, and some museum
collections.
 AACR and its allied products are published
jointly by the American Library Association, the
Canadian Library Association, and the
Chartered Institute of Library and Information
Professionals.
.

12. GILS -Government Information Locator Service
 Used for some government information.
 Locators used for the linking
◦ Locator - an information resource that
identifies other information resources,
describes the information available in those
resources, and provides assistance in
obtaining the information.

13.  It is typically modeled as a database of
locator records, each of which is a set of
related data elements descriptive of various
characteristics of an information resource.
 Locator also called metadata, abstracts,
meta-information, directories etc.....

14. Dublin Core
 for some internet information sources.
 Metadata, xml, rdfn formats and other
models,
 The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)
 HTML or XHTML , RDF/XML
 RDF (Resource Description
Framework

15. Forms of Catalogues
 Book
 Card
 COM (Computer Output Microform)
 OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog)

16. Arrangements of Catalogs
 Alphabetically
 Authors
 Titles
 Subject
 Numerically.(numerical and alfanumericals)
 According to published date/year

17.  Subject analysis.
 Classification
◦ Subject analysis.
◦ Classification Scheme
 (i.e. Dewey Decimal
Classification System of
the Library of Congress
Classification System.

18. Indexes
 Provide access to the analyzed contents
of "bibliographic entities“
 i.e. articles in a journal, short stories in a
collection, etc......
 Indexes are not limited to what is
available in a local setting, and they do
not usually give location information

19.  Indexes are available in print, CD-ROM, or on-
line.
 Indexes are arranged in alphabetical order with
entries offered for authors, titles, and subjects.
 There is not a standard of arrangement,
organization, or online searching.
 Index Medicus –well developed index journal.

20. Bibliographic databases
 contains references to published literature,
 Reference include journal and newspaper
articles, conference proceedings and papers,
reports, government and legal publications,
patents, books, etc

21.  Bibliographic databases are machine-readable
form of indexes and abstracts.
 Basically computerized secondary (index) journals.
 started in early 60’s.
 Database contains bibliographic information
◦ title of article, journal name, author, date of publication,
volume #, issue, page #, etc.) about various types of
publications and formats (print, video, audio, software,
etc.).

22. Advantages in Bibilographic database
–searching instead of browsing,
–searching through long periods of time
instead of one issue.
Index Medicus of the National Library of
Medicine and the Scientific and Technical
Aerospace Reports of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA

24. Registers
 The primary control tools for museums, also
referred to as an accession log.
 Registers function like catalogs, although
they have additional kinds of access points,
such as the identification of the object, the
donor, a history of association
 (i.e. where or with whom previously owned
the item) and any insurance related
information.

25.  An identification number (accession
number) is assigned.
 The accession record becomes one or
more files that help to provide
organization to a museum's collection.

26. Secondary publications
•The oldest of “modern”
information tools.
•Designed to help users
find primary documents.
•“Pointers” to primary
documents were
bibliographic records.

27.  Users were directed to
bibliographic records
◦ –from abstracts of primary documents
(abstract journals),
◦ –from subject description of primary
documents with key-words or key-
phrases (index journals).