The document provides an overview of basic computer components and operations. It discusses the main types of computers, including personal computers that come in desktop, notebook, and handheld sizes. It then explains the basic processing cycle of input, processing, and output. Some key components are described, including the central processing unit (CPU) that contains the memory unit, control unit, and arithmetic/logical unit to process data. Common input devices like keyboards and mice are also outlined. The document concludes with descriptions of common output devices like monitors and printers.

1. Made by Arnav Kumar class9th F
BASIC OF
COMPUTER

2. Types of Computers –
Personal Computers (PC)
 Also called
Microcomputers
 Available in desktop
size, notebook size and
handheld
 Can be IBM, IBM
Compatible or Apple

3. Input Processing Output
Computer Operations
Example: when we search any thing on internet the
computer take our search as input and process it and gives
us out put.

4.  Most commonly used input device
 Ergonomic - fit natural hand placement
 Special keys
 Enter, Function, Ctrl, Alt, Num Lock, Esc
Input Devices - Keyboard

5. Input Devices - Mouse
 Controls cursor on
screen
 May be mechanical
or optical
 Most models have a
“wheel” for scrolling

6.  Pointers (replaces mouse on notepads)
 Track point, track ball, touch pad
 Scanner
 Digital camera
 Touch screen
 Voice
Input Devices - Other

7. Basic Processing Cycle
Central
Processing
Unit
Internal
Memory
Data
Bus

8.  Also called CPU, processor or microprocessor
 Is the “brains” of the computer
 Performs all computer operations
 Many made by company called Intel
 Also made by AMD
Central Processing Unit (CPU)

9.  RAM - Random Access Memory
 CPU can access any location as quickly as
any other
 Can not only read current info but
also write new info
 Very important in determining
capabilities of the computer system
 Computer should have at least 256
megs - 512 preferred (can add to later)
Internal Memory - RAM

10.  ROM - Read Only Memory
 Can read info Stored in ROM
 Can not write new info into ROM
 Used for “internal workings” of
computer
 Buyer is not very concerned with ROM
Internal Memory - ROM

11. Memory Unit
When we enter the data into the computer
using an input device, the entered information
immediately gets saved in the memory unit of
the Central Processing Unit (CPU). Because
of the presence of some existing
programming, the Memory Unit transmits the
data further to the other parts of the CPU.

12. Control Unit
The Control Unit collects the data entered using
the input unit, leads it on for processing and
once that is done, receives the output and
presents it to the user. It can be said to the
centre of all processing actions taking place
inside a computer device

13. Arithmetic & Logical Unit
As the name suggests, all the mathematical calculations
or arithmetic operations are performed in the Arithmetic
and Logical Unit of the CPU.
It can also perform actions like a comparison of data and
decision-making actions. The ALU comprises circuits
using which addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
and other numerical based calculations can be
performed.

14.  Monitor
 Printer
 Disk Drive
 Can also be input device
 Modem
 Can also be input device
Output Devices

15. Monitors
 Made up of tiny
elements called
pixels
 Each row of pixels is
called a scan line
 Picture is displayed
by an electronic
beam lighting up
certain pixels

16. Printers
Laser
Ink Jet
Dot Matrix

17. Laser Printer
A laser printer produces high quality print that
one normally finds in publishing. It is extremely
fast and quiet. Moreover, the operation of a laser
printer is easy with automatic paper loading and
no smudging or messing up of ink ribbons

18. Ink-Jet Printer
An ink-jet printer creates an image directly on
paper by spraying ink through as many as 64
tiny nozzles. Although the image it produces is
not generally quite as sharp as the output of a
laser printer, the quality of ink-jet images is still
high

19. Dot Matrix Printer
The dot matrix printer was very popular at
one point of time. It is a very versatile and
inexpensive output device. In dot matrix
printer the print head physically "hits" the
paper through the ribbon and produces text
(or images) by combinations of dots; hence
the name dot matrix printer. Its speed is
measured in characters per second (CPS

20. Software in computer
Ms Word
Ms Power Point
Ms Excel

21. Ms word
 Your MSWORD programme
is called a word-processing
package. This means that it
is useful for typing and
storing letters, articles and
anything that consists
mainly of words. It is
basically a fancy typewriter
with a built in filing-system.
The more you use your
computer the more you will
learn about what it can do

22. Ms Power Point
 Microsoft PowerPoint is a
powerful slide show
presentation program. It is
a standard component of
the company's Microsoft
Office suite software, and is
bundled together with
Word, Excel, and other
office productivity tools.
The program uses slides to
convey information rich in
multimedia

23. Ms excel
 Microsoft Excel is
powerful data visualization
and analysis software,
which uses spreadsheets to
store, organize, and track
data sets with formulas and
functions. Excel is used by
marketers, accountants, data
analysts, and other
professionals. It's part of the
Microsoft Office suite of
products.

24. Thank you