Basic QGIS Training Manual (Part-5) Myanmar
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- 3. Excel File (.xls) မွ Shape File (.shp) ေျပ င္းနည္း ❖ GPS မွ ရရွွိေသ Excel file (.xls) ကွို ဖြင့္ပါ။ Excel file ကွို CSV (MS – DOS) ျဖင့္ save ပါ။ ❖ ရရွွိလ ေသ CSV file ကွို ေအ က္ေဖ ္ျပပါ အတွိုင္း QGIS Software ၌ Shape file (.shp) ေျပ င္းရမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ ၁) QGIS Software ၌ Layer မွ Add Layer >> Add Delimited Text Layer ကွိုဖြင့္ပါ။ (သွို႔မဟုတ္) Open Data Source Manager မွ Delimited Text ကွိုေရြးပါ။ (သွို႔မဟုတ္) Excel file
- 4. 1 1. Save ထ းေသ CSV file ကွို browser မွ တဆင့္ထည့္သြင္းပါ။ 2 2. Geometry CRS သည္ EPSG:4326 – WES 84 ျဖစ္ရမည္။ 3. Add ကွိုိုႏွိုပ္ပါ။ 3 CSR ေရြးနည္း
- 5. 4. ရရွွိလ ေသ layer file ကွို Export ထုတ္၍ ျပန္ save ပါ။ Export >> Save Feature as 5. Browser ၌ File name ေပး၍ save ပါ။ Format တြင္ ESRI Shapefile ျဖစ္ရမည္။ CRS တြင္ WES 84 / UTMzone 47N ကွို ေရြးရမည္။ CSR ေရြးရ တြင္ ကွို ိုႏွိုပ္၍ ေရြးရမည္။ 4 5 CSR ေရြးနည္း
- 6. 6. ရရွွိလ ေသ bus stop layer ကွို open street map , route line layer ျဖင့္ ထပ္လွိုက္ပါက ေအ က္ေဖ ္ျပပါ map ကွိုရရွွိိုႏွိုင္ပါသည္။
- 7. ▪ Polygon ထဲ၌ ရွွိေသ points မ း (ဥပမ ၿမွိဳ႕နယ္ဧရွိယ အတြင္း၌ ရွွိေသ ဘတ္စ္က းမွတ္တွိုင္အေရအတြက္မ း) ကွို ေရတြက္ရ ၌ အသံုးျပဳ ိုႏွိုင္ပါသည္။ ▪ အဆွိုပါ tool ကွို အသံုးျပဳရန္ အတြက္ Polygon layer ိုႏွင့္ Point Layer ရွွိရန္လွိုအပ္ပါသည္။ (၁) Tool bar ရွွိ Vector မွ Analysis tool >>Count Points in Polygon ကွို Click ိုႏွိုပ္ပါ။ Township shape file ၏ open attribute table ကွိုဖြင့္ကကည့္ပါ။
- 8. ▪ Polygons ၌ YGN_Township shp.file ကွိုထည့္ရမည္။ ▪ Points ၌ Bus Stop Data shp.file ကွိုထည့္ရမည္။ ▪ Count field name တြင္ ကွိုယ္ကကွိဳက္ရ န မည္ ေပးလွို႔ရပါသည္။ ▪ Count ၌ Browser မွ save to file >> File Name ေပးျပး Save as type မွ SHP file ေရးျပး Save ပါ။ ▪ ထွို႕ေန က္ Run ကွို ိုႏွိုပ္ပါ။ Run လွိုက္ပါက Count (Polygon File) ေပၚလ မည္ျဖစ္သည္ ။ ထွို File ၏ open attribute table ဖြင့္ကကည့္ပါက Township တစ္ခုမွ ရွွိေသ bus stop အေရအတြက္ကွို သွိရွွိိုႏွိုင္ပါသည္။ Count ၏ open attribute table ကွို ဖြင့္ပါ
- 9. ▪ Data မ းကွို အျမင္အ းျဖင့္သွိသ စြ ေဖ ္ျပရ တြင္ Bar Chart, Pie Chart မ း ကွိုသံုးိုႏွိုင္ပါသည္။ ▪ Bar Chart, Pie Chart မ းကွို polygon file မ းတြင္ ေဖ ္ျပိုႏွိုင္သည္။ ▪ Bar Chart, Pie Chart မ းသည္ အမွိဳးအစ းမ း၏ ကွိန္းဂဏန္းတန္ဖွိုးအလွိုက္ ေဖ ္ျပျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။ အဆင့္ (၁) Polygon layer (ဥပမ - YGN Tsp layer) ကွို GIS project ထဲသွို႕ထည့္ပါ။ အဆင့္ (၃) Polygon layer (YGN Tsp layer) ကွို right click ိုႏွိုပ္ >> Properties >> Diagram ကွိုိုႏွိုပ္ပါ။ အဆင့္ (၂) YGN Tsp Layer ထဲမွ data ကွို Bar Chart, Pie Chart ေျပ င္းမည္ျဖစ္ေသ ေကက င့္ layer ကွို right click ိုႏွိုပ္၍ open attribute table ကွိုဖြင့္၍ data မ းကွို မွတ္သ းရမည္။
- 10. အဆင့္ (၄) Diagram ေရးဆြဲရန္ Pie Chart, Text Diagram, ိုႏွင့္ Histogram (Bar Chart) မ းမွ ဆြဲလွိုေသ chart ကွို ေရြးပါ။ အဆင့္ (၅) Attribute ၌ ေဖ ္ျပလွိုေသ data ကွိုအနည္းဆံုး (၂) ခု ကွို ေရြး၍ (+) sign ိုႏွိုပ္၍ ထည့္ပါ။ ျပန္ထုတ္ခင္ပါက ထုတ္ခင္ေသ data ကွို (-) sign ိုႏွိုပ္၍ ထုတ္ပါ။
- 11. အဆင့္ (၆) 1. Size ကွို ိုႏွိုပ္ပါ။ ထွိုေန က္ scaled size ကွို ေရြးပါ။ 2. Maximum value ကွို ရွ ခင္ေသ ေကက င့္ Attribute ၌ ေရြးခယ္ထ းေသ data မ းမွ တန္ဖွိုးအမ းဆံုးပါေသ data ကွိုေရြးပါ။ အဘယ္ေကက င့္ဆွိုေသ ္ Charts မ းသည္ တန္ဖွိုးအေပၚအေျခခံတြက္ခက္ေသ ေကက င့္ျဖစ္သည္။ 3. Maximum value ေဘးမွ Find ကွို ိုႏွိုပ္ပါ။ အမ းဆံုး တန္ဖွိုးကွို ေဖ ္ျပမည္ျဖစ္သည္။ 4. Size ၌ Charts ၏ အရြယ္အစ းကွို ေျပ င္းိုႏွိုင္ပါသည္။ 1 2 3 1 4 5
- 12. ▪ Bar Chart, Pie Chart မ းသည္ ိုႏွိႈင္းယွဥ္ေဖ ္ျပလွိုေသ data အမွိဳးအစ းမ း၏ ကွိန္းဂဏန္းတန္ဖွိုးအလွိုက္ ေဖ ္ျပျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။ ▪ ထွိုေကက င့္ ေဖ ္ျပေပးေသ ပံုမ းကွိုကကည့္၍ တန္ဖွိုးမ းကွို ိုႏွိႈင္းယွဥ္ကကည့္ရႈိုႏွိုင္ပါသည္။