Diesel power plant presentation

1. KSRM COLLEG OF ENGINEERING
KADAPA
PRESENTATION ON
DIESEL POWER PLANT
Presentation by
S. Salim Malik

2. INTRODUCTION
 The diesel burns inside the engine and the products
of this combustion act as the working fluid to produce
mechanical energy.
The diesel engine drives alternator which converts
mechanical energy into electrical energy.
As the generation cost is considerable due to high
price of diesel, therefore, such power stations are
only used to produce small power.
Diesel electric plants in the range of 2 to 50 MW
capacity are used as central stations for small supply
authorities

3. Basic Principal of Diesel Electric Power Plant

4. List of Diesel Electric Power Plant in India

5. Uses of Diesel Electric Station:
Central Station
Standby Plant
Peak Load Plant
Emergency Plant
Mobile Plant
Nursery Plant
Supply Units for Cinemas, Hospitals etc

6. Selection of Site for a Diesel Power Station:
Near to Load Center:
As far as possible the plant should be installed near to load center, to
reduce transmission & distribution cost of electrical energy.
Availability of Land:
For erection of diesel power plant, land should be available near to load
center at low cost.
Availability of Water:
The soft water is freely available for the purpose of cooling.
Foundations:
As we know that, the diesel engines or a machine produces vibrations. So
provide good foundation to erect the diesel engine.

7. Fuel Transportation:
The diesel plant is far away from fuel mines. So to provide fuel to the
plant arrange good transportation facility like road, rail etc.
Local Conditions:
For increasing the demand of power & future expansion space
available.
Noise Pollution:
The plant should away from populated areas, because it produces
noise.

8. Heat engines:
Internal combustion engine:
Combustion takes place inside the cylinder
External combustion engine:
Combustion takes place external to the cylinder

9. Classification of IC Engines
1. According to cycle of operation
 Two Stroke Engine
 Four Stroke Engine
2. According to cycle of combustion
 Otto Cycle Engine(combustion at constant volume)
 Diesel Cycle Engine(combustion at constant pressure)
 Dual Combustion or semi – diesel cycle engine.
3. According to arrangement of Cylinder
 Horizontal Engine
 Vertical Engine
 V-Type Engine
 Radial Engine

10. 4. According to their Uses
 Stationary Engine
 Portable Engine
 Marine Engine
 Automobile Engine
 Aero Engine
5. According to fuel employed and method of fuel supply to the engine
 Oil Engine
 Petrol Engine
 Gas Engine
6. According to method of ignition
 Spark ignition
 Compression ignition

11. 7. According to speed of the engine
 Low speed
 Medium Speed
 High Speed
8. According to method of cooling
 Air Cooled
 Water Cooled
9. According to number of cylinders
 Single cylinder
 Multi Cylinder

12. Parts of ic engine:

13. Terms connected in ic engine

14. Four stroke diesel engine

15. Two stroke diesel engine:

16. Comparison of four stroke and two stroke cycle engines
Sr.No. Particulars 4 Stroke 2 Stroke
1 Stroke Per Cycle 4 Piston Stroke 2 Piston Stroke
2 Crank Rotation per Cycle Two Crank Rotation Four Crank Rotation
3 Power Stroke per Cycle
Half to Speed of Full to Speed of
Crankshaft Crankshaft
4 Power
In Every Alternate
In Every Revolution
Revolution
5 Flywheel Heavy Light
6 Size of Engine Heavier, Larger Lighter, More Compact
7 Space Required More Less
8 Valve Inlet & Exhaust In Place of Valve parts
are there
9 Crankcase
It is not hermetically
Hermetically Sealed
Sealed
10 Crankshaft Direction of In One Direction In Both Direction
Rotation
11 Lubricant Oil Less More
Consumption
12 Thermal Efficiency Higher Less
13 Mechanical Efficiency Low High
14 Uses Cars, Tractors, Buses
Mopeds, Scooters,
Motor Cycles

17. Comparison between a petrol engine and diesel engine
 Fuel in suction stroke
 Spark plug and injector
 Thermal efficiency
 Space
 Running cost
 Weight
 Fuel costlier or cheaper
 Volatile
 Works on otto cycle and diesel cycle

18. Schematic arrangement of Diesel-Electric Power Plant:

19. Simple layout

20. Main Components of Diesel Electric Power Plant:
The essential components of a diesel electric power plant are as follow:
Diesel Engine
Engine Fuel Supply System
Engine Air Intake System
Engine Exhaust System
Engine Cooling System
Engine Lubrication System.
Engine Starting System.
AC or DC Generators

21. 1. Diesel Engine:

22. 2. Engine Fuel Supply System:

23. 3. Engine Air-Intake System

24. 4. Engine Exhaust System:

25. 5. Engine Cooling System

26. 6. Engine Lubrication System:

27. 7. Engine Starting System:
1.Starting of small engine
2.Starting with the help of auxiliary engine
3.Starting with the help of batteries
4.Starting with the help of compressed air

28. 8. AC or DC Generators:
1.For Single Phase
2.For Three Phase
3.DC Generator

29. Injection system
There are three types of injection systems
1) Common rail injection system
2) Individual pump injection system
3) Distributor injection system

30. 1)Common rail injection system

31. 2) Individual pump injection system

32. 3) Distributor injection system

33. Super charging

34. Roots Type

35. Centrifugal Type

36. Screw Type

37. Maintenance of Diesel Electric Power Plant
1. To maintain the operating condition of diesel engine
at every half hour.
2. To maintain the correct record of the instrument
reading in log sheet.
3. To maintain the record of instrument temperature,
pressure, electrical load, flow etc.
4. To check the level of fuel oil periodically. Filterized the
fuel and remove unwanted impurities.
5. Clean the fuel tank at regular interval.

38. Advantages of Diesel Power Station
 This is simple in design point of view
 Required very small space
 It can also be designed for portable use
 It has quick starting facility
 Cooling is easy and required smaller quantity of water in this
type power station
 Thermal efficency of diesel is quite higher than of coal
 It requires less operating staff

39. Disadvantages of Diesel Power Station
The plant generally used to produce small power
requirement
Cost of lubrication is high
Maintenance is quite complex and costs high
The plant doesn’t work satisfactorily under overload
conditions for a longer period

40. Thank You

41. The End