This document discusses features that should be included in buildings and public spaces to make them accessible for people with disabilities. It identifies five major types of disabilities - sightlessness, partial sightedness, wheelchair users, limited mobility, and hearing impairment. It emphasizes that barrier-free design is essential to allow equal access for disabled people. The document then provides design guidelines and construction standards for various elements like entrances, passages, doors, windows, stairs, parking, walks, toilets and more. It stresses that removing barriers promotes safety and participation for all.
This topic is meant for the study purpose for the final year undergraduate Physiotherapy students, who are studying under The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University (Govt University).
This topic is meant for the study purpose for the final year undergraduate Physiotherapy students, who are studying under The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University (Govt University).
Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious viral disease that largely affects children under 5 years of age. The virus is transmitted by person-to-person spread mainly through the faecal-oral route or, less frequently, by a common vehicle (e.g. contaminated water or food) and multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade the nervous system and cause paralysis.
Orthosis principle #orthosis #biomedical #orthosis
an external medical device (such as a brace or splint) for supporting, immobilizing, or treating muscles, joints, or skeletal parts which are weak, ineffective, deformed, or injured a lower extremity orthosis spinal orthoses ,lumbar ,cervical orthosis.
Skill Development of Disabled in Rural Areas through Community Based Vocation...Vocational Rehabilita
The Paper focuses on Skill Development through Community based vocational training; a concept developed in and practiced by the Author in different parts of India and now a regular feature in the Vocational Rehabilitation Centres for handicapped. Gives information on the projected pwd population in 2016, present status of educational levels and the innovative experiment carried out by the author in 1989 in rural areas. It was also repeated in other States. A study carried out one year after CBVT showed 83% were earning. They were able to access the employment market. Depending on the need, some were helped through local employment market, some through self employment or group employment and formation of self help groups. A sample of syllabus developed with daily or weekly skill targets is annexed.
Retraining of motor control basing on understanding of normal movement & analysis of motor dysfunction.
Emphasis of MRP is on practice of specific activities, the training of cognitive control over muscles & movt. Components of activities & conscious elimination of unnecessary muscle activity.
In rehabilitation programme involve – real life activities included.
constraint induced movement therapy.pptxibtesaam huma
Constraint induced movement therapy
Dr. Quazi Ibtesaam Huma (MPT)
Dr. Suvarna Ganvir (Phd, Prof & HOD)
Dept. of Neurophysiotherapy
DVVPF’s College of Physiotherapy
Content
Introduction
History of CIMT
Components of CIMT
Population for CIMT
Advantages of CIMT
Recent advances
Introduction
History of CIMT
CIMT is based on research by Edward Taub ,his hypothesize that the non use was a learning mechanism and calls this behavior “Learned non-use”.
It was observed that patients with hemiparesis did not use their affected extremity .
Overcoming learned non use
Mechanisms of CIMT
Population for CIMT
Stroke
Traumatic Brain Injury
Spinal Cord Injury
Multiple Sclerosis
Cerebral Palsy
Brachial Plexus Injury
Advantages of CIMT
Overall greater improvement in function than traditional treatment.
Highly researched and credible treatment approach.
There are brain activity and observed gray matter reorganization in primary motor, cortices and hippocampus.
Increase social participation
Components Of CIMT
Types of CIMT
Restraining Tools for CIMT
Minimal Requirement of hand function for CIMT
Recent Advances
The EXCITE Trial: Retention of Improved Upper Extremity Function Among Stroke Survivors Receiving CI Movement Therapy.(2008)
The Extremity Constraint Induced Movement Therapy Evaluation (EXCITE) demonstrated that CIMT administered 3-9 months post-stroke, resulted in statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement in upper extremity function during the first year compared to those achieved by participants undergoing usual and customary care.
This study was the first randomized clinical trial to examine retention and improvements for the 24 month period following CIMT therapy in a subacute sample.
Study design - single masked cross-over design, with participants undergoing adaptive randomization to balance ,gender, prestroke dominant side, side of stroke, and level of paretic arm function across sites.
CIMT was delivered up to 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 2 weeks.
Subsequent evaluations were made after the two week period, and at 4, 8, and 12 months.
Because the control group was crossed over to receive CIMT after one year.
Primary outcome measures – Wolf Motor Function Test
Motor Activity Log
Secondary outcome measure - Stroke Impact Scale (SIS)
were assessed at each of these time intervals, was administered only at baseline, 4, 12, 16 and 24 month evaluations.
Result :There was no observed regression from the treatment effects observed at 12 months after treatment during the next 12 months for the primary outcome measures of WMFT and MAL.
In fact, the additional changes were in the direction of increased therapeutic effect. For the strength components of the WMFT the changes were significant (P < .05) Secondary outcome variables, including the SIS, exhibited a similar pattern.
Conclusion: Mild to moderately impaired patients who are 3-9 months post-stroke demonstrate
Advanced Techniques For Physiotherapy In 2020Fordly
May is observed as the national month of physiotherapy. In this month of physiotherapy, let us see how physiotherapy has grown and emerged with advanced treatment methods. The latest rehabilitation methods include rehab robotics, aquatic therapy, light therapy, and all to speed up recovery and provide more positive outcomes.
Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious viral disease that largely affects children under 5 years of age. The virus is transmitted by person-to-person spread mainly through the faecal-oral route or, less frequently, by a common vehicle (e.g. contaminated water or food) and multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade the nervous system and cause paralysis.
Orthosis principle #orthosis #biomedical #orthosis
an external medical device (such as a brace or splint) for supporting, immobilizing, or treating muscles, joints, or skeletal parts which are weak, ineffective, deformed, or injured a lower extremity orthosis spinal orthoses ,lumbar ,cervical orthosis.
Skill Development of Disabled in Rural Areas through Community Based Vocation...Vocational Rehabilita
The Paper focuses on Skill Development through Community based vocational training; a concept developed in and practiced by the Author in different parts of India and now a regular feature in the Vocational Rehabilitation Centres for handicapped. Gives information on the projected pwd population in 2016, present status of educational levels and the innovative experiment carried out by the author in 1989 in rural areas. It was also repeated in other States. A study carried out one year after CBVT showed 83% were earning. They were able to access the employment market. Depending on the need, some were helped through local employment market, some through self employment or group employment and formation of self help groups. A sample of syllabus developed with daily or weekly skill targets is annexed.
Retraining of motor control basing on understanding of normal movement & analysis of motor dysfunction.
Emphasis of MRP is on practice of specific activities, the training of cognitive control over muscles & movt. Components of activities & conscious elimination of unnecessary muscle activity.
In rehabilitation programme involve – real life activities included.
constraint induced movement therapy.pptxibtesaam huma
Constraint induced movement therapy
Dr. Quazi Ibtesaam Huma (MPT)
Dr. Suvarna Ganvir (Phd, Prof & HOD)
Dept. of Neurophysiotherapy
DVVPF’s College of Physiotherapy
Content
Introduction
History of CIMT
Components of CIMT
Population for CIMT
Advantages of CIMT
Recent advances
Introduction
History of CIMT
CIMT is based on research by Edward Taub ,his hypothesize that the non use was a learning mechanism and calls this behavior “Learned non-use”.
It was observed that patients with hemiparesis did not use their affected extremity .
Overcoming learned non use
Mechanisms of CIMT
Population for CIMT
Stroke
Traumatic Brain Injury
Spinal Cord Injury
Multiple Sclerosis
Cerebral Palsy
Brachial Plexus Injury
Advantages of CIMT
Overall greater improvement in function than traditional treatment.
Highly researched and credible treatment approach.
There are brain activity and observed gray matter reorganization in primary motor, cortices and hippocampus.
Increase social participation
Components Of CIMT
Types of CIMT
Restraining Tools for CIMT
Minimal Requirement of hand function for CIMT
Recent Advances
The EXCITE Trial: Retention of Improved Upper Extremity Function Among Stroke Survivors Receiving CI Movement Therapy.(2008)
The Extremity Constraint Induced Movement Therapy Evaluation (EXCITE) demonstrated that CIMT administered 3-9 months post-stroke, resulted in statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement in upper extremity function during the first year compared to those achieved by participants undergoing usual and customary care.
This study was the first randomized clinical trial to examine retention and improvements for the 24 month period following CIMT therapy in a subacute sample.
Study design - single masked cross-over design, with participants undergoing adaptive randomization to balance ,gender, prestroke dominant side, side of stroke, and level of paretic arm function across sites.
CIMT was delivered up to 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 2 weeks.
Subsequent evaluations were made after the two week period, and at 4, 8, and 12 months.
Because the control group was crossed over to receive CIMT after one year.
Primary outcome measures – Wolf Motor Function Test
Motor Activity Log
Secondary outcome measure - Stroke Impact Scale (SIS)
were assessed at each of these time intervals, was administered only at baseline, 4, 12, 16 and 24 month evaluations.
Result :There was no observed regression from the treatment effects observed at 12 months after treatment during the next 12 months for the primary outcome measures of WMFT and MAL.
In fact, the additional changes were in the direction of increased therapeutic effect. For the strength components of the WMFT the changes were significant (P < .05) Secondary outcome variables, including the SIS, exhibited a similar pattern.
Conclusion: Mild to moderately impaired patients who are 3-9 months post-stroke demonstrate
Advanced Techniques For Physiotherapy In 2020Fordly
May is observed as the national month of physiotherapy. In this month of physiotherapy, let us see how physiotherapy has grown and emerged with advanced treatment methods. The latest rehabilitation methods include rehab robotics, aquatic therapy, light therapy, and all to speed up recovery and provide more positive outcomes.
A barrier-free environment is a basic right of all. It is not a matter of choice or option or be an aspect of sympathy.
Not allowing a person equal opportunities and participation is an infringement on his/ her rights as a citizen of this country.
Barrier-free design, therefore, is a professional obligation as well as a societal commitment of design professionals.
a short assignment done regarding the universal design for the disabled at the Pusat Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah (PKKSSAAS), UPM. survey and investigate the present situation (2012) in social design for university campus facilities - the environment, built environment and transportation passages.
It is very important to implement barrier free environment at all public & private places/ commercial & non commercial places for easy mobility and transfer of person affected with any kind of disability. this presentation give you some guideline in creating barrier free environment in constructing building, home, parking areas.
anthropometry design for elderly people, all the consideration about the anthropometry of elderly people, safety and precautions while designing for elderly people
IT HAS INFORMATION RELATED TO ZONING ANS PARKING OF COMMERCIAL COMPLEX200725riya
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James Matthews' short story “The Park” (1962) takes a closer look at a young black boy's life during the South African Apartheid.
The Kabuliwala Summary | Rabindranath Tagore. “Kabuliwala” by Tagore is a tale of heart-rending friendship between a 5-year-old Bengali girl Minnie and an Afghan moneylender, Abdur Rahman or Rahamat.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
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Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
3. Major types of disabilities
• We have to deal with five major types of disabilities while planning
accessible buildings for this important segment of the society. The
target groups may be categorized as following:
• 1. The sightless
• 2. The partly sighted
• 3. Wheel-chair users
• 4. People with limited walking abilities
• 5. The hearing impaired
4. Design elements to be considered
Disability has largely remained invisible in the mainstream development
agenda, resulting in a lack of equal access for these people to basic resources
like education, employment, healthcare, and legal and social support system.
Designing barrier-free environments is essential for enabling the disabled
people to move about safely and freely, and use all the facilities in the
immediate built environment without any assistance- roads, parks,
pavements, buildings, transport systems etc. One needs to consider so many
elements to make the built space accessible and hazard-free for people with
disabilities (for every user, in fact) in the real sense. The list is virtually
endless– door and passage widths, flooring surfaces, toilet fixtures, staircase
design and railings, door handles and counter heights, audio-visual signs, and
so on.
5. Is it necessary to remove barriers?
• Barriers make an environment unsafe and cause a high level of
difficulty to the user.
• Barriers cause spaces to be out of reach, denying people the
opportunity of participation in various spheres of life.
• This ranges from education, economic, social, cultural and many
other activities.
• This loss of opportunity is not only a loss for the person concerned
but also society’s loss which misses out on their contribution.
• A barrier causes exclusion
6. CONSTRUCTION AND
MAINTAINANCE STANDARDS
•Non-ambulatory disabilities
•The width and length of the wheelchair, its control and the
•diameter of the casters decide thefollowing:
•Width of entrances and exits (clear 900 mm)
•Width of the passage/corridor (min 900mm)
•Slope of the climbing (min. ramp slope 1:12)
7. .Walks and paths •Avoid grates and manholes in walks
Walks should be smooth, hard level
surface suitable for walking and
wheeling.
•The minimum walkway width would
be 1200 mm and for moderate two
way traffic it should be 1650 mm-1800
mm.
•Longitudinal walk gradient should be
3 to 5% (30 mm-50 mm in 1 metre)
When walks exceed 60 metre in length
it is desirable to provide rest area
adjacent to the walk at convenient
intervals with space for bench seats
8. PARKING
For parking of vehicles of disabled people the
following provisions shall be made:
•Surface parking for two care spaces shall be
provided near the entrance for physically
handicapped persons with maximum travel
distance of 30 m from building entrance.
•The width of parking bay shall be minimum
3.60 metre.
•The information stating that the space is
reserved for wheelchair users shall be
conspicuously displayed.
9. Buildings: Entrances
At least one primary entrance to each building to be wheelchairs
usable and to be indicated by a sign and shall be on a level that
would make the elevators accessible.
Passages •
The minimum clear passage width for a single wheelchair is 900
mm continuously.
• An accessible route should be 1200 mm wide to allow both a
wheelchair and a walking person
• The minimum passage width for two wheelchairs to pass side
by side is 1500 mm. Preferable width is 1800 mm.
10. Buildings: Doors
• Minimum clear width - 900mm. Single leaf non self closing
• Not to open –out into circulation spaces
• 400mm high kick plates be provided.
• Public buildings - Sliding automatic doors.
• Colour contrast with the adjoining wall..
• Glazed doors to be marked with a coloured band or
frame.
• Height of door handles and locks - 800mm from the floor.
11. Buildings: Windows
• To be designed to avoid the glare
• Large glass areas close to circulation spaces be marked with a
coloured band or frame.
• Sill not to be higher than 800mm
• Be easy to open and close.
• Controls be placed in the zone 900 to 1200mm from the floor.
12. Buildings: Stairs
Stairs be supplemented by lifts or ramps.
• Straight flights preferred.
• Treads - 300mm and risers not higher than 150mm.
• Steps to be of a consistent height and depth
throughout.
• Projecting Nosing to be avoided
• Handrails on both sides of any stairway. And be
continuous and extend not less than 300mm beyond
the top and bottom step
• Colour contrast
13. Site Development: Walks
• Public Walks be at least 1200mm wide
• Gradient not greater than 1 in 20.
• Non-slip surface and have level surfaces at regular intervals
• Be of a continuing common surface not interrupted by steps or
abrupt changes in level.
• Wherever walks cross other walks, driveways or parking lots they
should blend to a common level.
14. Toilets
One special W.C. in a set of toilet shall be provided
for the use of handicapped with essential
provision of wash basin near the entrance for the
handicapped.
a. The minimum size shall be 1500 mm x 1750
mm.
b. Minimum clear opening of the door shall be
900 mm and the door shall swing out.
c. Suitable arrangement of vertical/horizontal
handrails with 50mm. clearance from wall shall be
made in the toilet.
15. Wheelchair Stair Lift
a. Another option instead of ramp design is
Wheelchair Stair lift.
b. No need of ramp design , less space
required.
c. Railing on one side is required.
d. Can be used on the wall side.
e.it is also a good option for ramp in
auditorium.
