The document outlines the specialized practices in bariatric and geriatric radiography, emphasizing the unique challenges each demographic presents due to obesity and aging respectively. Bariatric radiography focuses on accommodating larger patients with specialized equipment and techniques to ensure image quality and patient safety, while geriatric radiography addresses the needs of elderly patients with age-related physiological changes and mobility issues. Both fields prioritize radiation safety and require tailored imaging protocols to optimize patient outcomes.

1. BARIATRIC
&
GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY

2. SYNOPSIS:
■ INTRODUCTION
■ TECHNIQUES
■ DIFFERENCES
■ RADIATION DOSE
■ CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION:
BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY
■ BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY REFERS TO THE SPECIALIZED IMAGING
TECHNIQUES AND PROTOCOLS USED TO PERFORM RADIOGRAPHIC
EXAMINATIONS ON INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE OBESE OR HAVE
UNDERGONE BARIATRIC SURGERY. RADIOGRAPHY, COMMONLY
KNOWN AS X-RAY IMAGING, IS A DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE THAT
USES IONIZING RADIATION TO PRODUCE IMAGES OF THE
INTERNAL STRUCTURES OF THE BODY.
■ OBESITY PRESENTS UNIQUE CHALLENGES IN RADIOGRAPHY DUE
TO THE INCREASED BODY MASS, WHICH CAN AFFECT IMAGE
QUALITY AND DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY. TRADITIONAL
RADIOGRAPHY EQUIPMENT MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR IMAGING
OBESE PATIENTS DUE TO WEIGHT LIMITATIONS AND LIMITATIONS
IN IMAGING PENETRATION POWER.

4. INTRODUCTION
GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY
■ GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY REFERS TO THE SPECIALIZED
PRACTICE OF PERFORMING RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS
ON ELDERLY PATIENTS, TYPICALLY THOSE AGED 65 AND
OLDER. AS INDIVIDUALS AGE, THEY MAY EXPERIENCE
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES AND MEDICAL CONDITIONS THAT
CAN IMPACT THE IMAGING PROCESS AND INTERPRETATION
OF RADIOGRAPHIC STUDIES

5. TECHNIQUES FOR BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
■ SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT: RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT
DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE LARGER PATIENTS,
INCLUDING WIDER TABLES AND LARGER BORE SIZES, TO
SUPPORT THE WEIGHT AND SIZE OF OBESE INDIVIDUALS.
■ OPTIMIZED IMAGING PROTOCOLS: ADJUSTMENTS TO
EXPOSURE FACTORS SUCH AS MAS (MILLIAMPERE-SECONDS)
AND KVP (KILOVOLTAGE PEAK) TO ENSURE ADEQUATE
PENETRATION AND IMAGE QUALITY IN OBESE PATIENTS
WHILE MINIMIZING RADIATION DOSE.
■ POSITIONING TECHNIQUES: SPECIALIZED POSITIONING
TECHNIQUES MAY BE NECESSARY TO OBTAIN OPTIMAL
IMAGES IN OBESE PATIENTS, CONSIDERING FACTORS SUCH
AS BODY HABITUS AND TISSUE OVERLAP.

6. TECHNIQUES FOR BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
■ RADIATION SAFETY: STRICT ADHERENCE TO RADIATION SAFETY
PROTOCOLS TO MINIMIZE RADIATION EXPOSURE TO BOTH
PATIENTS AND HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS, INCLUDING THE USE OF
LEAD APRONS AND THYROID SHIELDS.
■ IMAGE INTERPRETATION: RADIOLOGISTS AND RADIOLOGIC
TECHNOLOGISTS MAY REQUIRE SPECIALIZED TRAINING IN
INTERPRETING RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES OF OBESE PATIENTS TO
ACCOUNT FOR ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS AND POTENTIAL IMAGE
ARTIFACTS.
■ ALTERNATIVE IMAGING MODALITIES: IN SOME CASES,
ALTERNATIVE IMAGING MODALITIES SUCH AS CT (COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY) OR MRI (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING) MAY BE
PREFERRED OVER TRADITIONAL RADIOGRAPHY FOR OBESE
PATIENTS DUE TO SUPERIOR IMAGING CAPABILITIES AND LESS
DEPENDENCE ON PATIENT POSITIONING.

7. TECHNIQUES FOR BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
IMAGING CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS:
■ THE INCREASED SOFT TISSUE THICKNESS IN OBESE PATIENTS CAN LEAD TO
DECREASED IMAGE CONTRAST AND DETAIL. TECHNIQUES SUCH AS
EXPOSURE BRACKETING, GRID OPTIMIZATION, AND SOFTWARE-BASED
IMAGE PROCESSING CAN HELP ENHANCE IMAGE QUALITY.
■ BEAM-HARDENING ARTIFACTS CAUSED BY THE ABSORPTION OF LOW-
ENERGY PHOTONS BY THE OVERLYING TISSUE CAN BE MITIGATED BY USING
APPROPRIATE FILTRATION TECHNIQUES OR DUAL-ENERGY IMAGING
SYSTEMS.
■ BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY OFTEN REQUIRES SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT
BEYOND JUST WIDER TABLES AND LARGER BORE SIZES. THIS MIGHT
INCLUDE ADJUSTABLE DETECTOR STANDS, LONGER TUBES, AND WEIGHT-
BEARING CAPACITY THAT EXCEEDS STANDARD EQUIPMENT.
■ SOME FACILITIES INVEST IN MOBILE OR PORTABLE RADIOGRAPHY UNITS
THAT CAN EASILY NAVIGATE THROUGH TIGHT SPACES OR BE BROUGHT
DIRECTLY TO THE PATIENT, FACILITATING IMAGING IN VARIOUS CLINICAL
SETTINGS.

8. TECHNIQUES FOR GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
■ PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES: ELDERLY PATIENTS OFTEN EXHIBIT AGE-
RELATED CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION, INCLUDING DECREASED MUSCLE
MASS, BONE DENSITY LOSS, AND ALTERATIONS IN SOFT TISSUE
DISTRIBUTION. THESE CHANGES CAN AFFECT THE APPEARANCE OF
RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES AND MAY REQUIRE ADJUSTMENTS IN IMAGING
TECHNIQUES AND EXPOSURE PARAMETERS.
■ FRAILTY AND MOBILITY ISSUES: MANY GERIATRIC PATIENTS EXPERIENCE
FRAILTY AND MOBILITY LIMITATIONS, WHICH CAN POSE CHALLENGES IN
POSITIONING FOR RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS. RADIOGRAPHERS MUST
EXERCISE CARE AND PATIENCE WHEN POSITIONING ELDERLY PATIENTS TO
ENSURE COMFORT AND SAFETY WHILE OBTAINING DIAGNOSTIC IMAGES.
■ COEXISTING MEDICAL CONDITIONS: ELDERLY PATIENTS OFTEN HAVE
MULTIPLE COMORBIDITIES, SUCH AS OSTEOARTHRITIS, OSTEOPOROSIS,
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, AND PULMONARY DISORDERS. RADIOGRAPHERS
SHOULD BE AWARE OF THESE CONDITIONS AND THEIR POTENTIAL IMPACT ON
RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS AND PATIENT MANAGEMENT.

9. TECHNIQUES FOR GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
■ RADIATION SAFETY: WHILE THE RISK OF RADIATION-INDUCED ADVERSE
EFFECTS IS GENERALLY LOWER IN OLDER ADULTS COMPARED TO
YOUNGER POPULATIONS, RADIATION SAFETY REMAINS A PRIORITY IN
GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY. RADIOGRAPHERS SHOULD ADHERE TO
ESTABLISHED DOSE OPTIMIZATION PRINCIPLES, SUCH AS THE ALARA (AS
LOW AS REASONABLY ACHIEVABLE) PRINCIPLE, TO MINIMIZE RADIATION
EXPOSURE WHILE MAINTAINING DIAGNOSTIC IMAGE QUALITY.
■ COGNITIVE AND COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES: SOME ELDERLY
PATIENTS MAY HAVE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS OR COMMUNICATION
DIFFICULTIES THAT CAN AFFECT THEIR ABILITY TO COOPERATE DURING
RADIOGRAPHIC PROCEDURES. RADIOGRAPHERS SHOULD COMMUNICATE
CLEARLY AND EFFECTIVELY WITH ELDERLY PATIENTS AND THEIR
CAREGIVERS, PROVIDING REASSURANCE AND GUIDANCE THROUGHOUT
THE IMAGING PROCESS.

10. TECHNIQUES FOR GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
■ USE OF IMAGING MODALITIES: IN ADDITION TO CONVENTIONAL X-RAY
RADIOGRAPHY, OTHER IMAGING MODALITIES SUCH AS ULTRASOUND, CT
(COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY), AND MRI (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING)
MAY BE USED IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS, DEPENDING ON THE CLINICAL
INDICATION AND PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS. THESE MODALITIES OFFER
ADVANTAGES SUCH AS IMPROVED SOFT TISSUE VISUALIZATION AND
REDUCED RADIATION EXPOSURE IN CERTAIN SCENARIOS.
■ GERIATRIC-SPECIFIC PROTOCOLS: SOME RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENTS MAY
DEVELOP GERIATRIC-SPECIFIC IMAGING PROTOCOLS TAILORED TO THE
UNIQUE NEEDS AND CONSIDERATIONS OF ELDERLY PATIENTS. THESE
PROTOCOLS MAY INCLUDE ADJUSTMENTS IN IMAGING TECHNIQUES,
POSITIONING AIDS, AND COLLABORATION WITH OTHER HEALTHCARE
PROFESSIONALS TO ENSURE COMPREHENSIVE PATIENT CARE.

11. TECHNIQUES FOR GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
■ INTERDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION: GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY OFTEN
INVOLVES COLLABORATION WITH GERIATRICIANS, PRIMARY CARE
PHYSICIANS, NURSES, AND OTHER HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS TO ADDRESS
THE COMPLEX MEDICAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL NEEDS OF ELDERLY PATIENTS.
THIS INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH HELPS OPTIMIZE PATIENT OUTCOMES
AND ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF CARE.
■ MEDICATION MANAGEMENT: ELDERLY PATIENTS OFTEN TAKE MULTIPLE
MEDICATIONS, SOME OF WHICH MAY AFFECT IMAGING PROCEDURES OR
RESULTS. RADIOGRAPHERS SHOULD BE AWARE OF ANY MEDICATIONS THAT
COULD INFLUENCE THE IMAGING PROCESS, SUCH AS CONTRAST AGENTS OR
MEDICATIONS THAT AFFECT BOWEL MOTILITY, AND COORDINATE WITH THE
PATIENT'S HEALTHCARE TEAM AS NEEDED.
■ FALL RISK ASSESSMENT: FALLS ARE A SIGNIFICANT CONCERN IN THE
ELDERLY POPULATION, AND RADIOGRAPHERS SHOULD ASSESS THE RISK OF
FALLS DURING IMAGING PROCEDURES. THIS MAY INVOLVE ENSURING A SAFE
ENVIRONMENT, PROVIDING APPROPRIATE SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE DURING
POSITIONING, AND USING IMMOBILIZATION DEVICES WHEN NECESSARY TO
PREVENT FALLS.

12. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BARIATRIC
& GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY:
■ Bariatric radiography and geriatric radiography are specialized
fields within diagnostic imaging that focus on imaging patients
with specific characteristics and needs. While there may be
some overlap in considerations, there are distinct differences
between these two areas:

13. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BARIATRIC &
GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY:
-PATIENT POPULATION:
■ BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY
PRIMARILY INVOLVES IMAGING
INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE OBESE
OR HAVE UNDERGONE
BARIATRIC SURGERY TO
MANAGE OBESITY-RELATED
HEALTH ISSUES. THESE
PATIENTS OFTEN HAVE
INCREASED BODY MASS AND
UNIQUE ANATOMICAL
CONSIDERATIONS THAT
IMPACT IMAGING TECHNIQUES
AND EQUIPMENT
REQUIREMENTS.
■ GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY, ON
THE OTHER HAND, FOCUSES
ON IMAGING ELDERLY
PATIENTS, TYPICALLY AGED 65
AND OLDER. THESE PATIENTS
MAY PRESENT WITH AGE-
RELATED CHANGES IN BODY
COMPOSITION, COEXISTING
MEDICAL CONDITIONS, AND
FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENTS
THAT INFLUENCE IMAGING
PROTOCOLS AND PATIENT
CARE STRATEGIES.

14. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BARIATRIC &
GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY:
-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
■ IN BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY,
PATIENTS TYPICALLY HAVE
INCREASED BODY MASS,
WHICH CAN AFFECT THE
PENETRATION OF X-RAY
BEAMS, IMAGE QUALITY, AND
PATIENT POSITIONING.
IMAGING TECHNIQUES AND
EQUIPMENT MUST BE
OPTIMIZED TO
ACCOMMODATE LARGER
PATIENTS AND ENSURE
DIAGNOSTIC QUALITY.
■ GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY
INVOLVES IMAGING PATIENTS
WHO MAY HAVE AGE-RELATED
CHANGES IN BODY
COMPOSITION, SUCH AS
DECREASED MUSCLE MASS,
BONE DENSITY LOSS, AND
ALTERATIONS IN SOFT TISSUE
DISTRIBUTION. THESE
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
CAN IMPACT IMAGE
INTERPRETATION AND MAY
REQUIRE ADJUSTMENTS IN
IMAGING PROTOCOLS AND
TECHNIQUES.

15. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BARIATRIC &
GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY:
-CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS:
■ BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY
FOCUSES ON ADDRESSING THE
CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED
WITH IMAGING OBESE
PATIENTS, INCLUDING LIMITED
EQUIPMENT CAPACITY, IMAGE
QUALITY DEGRADATION, AND
RADIATION DOSE
OPTIMIZATION. TECHNIQUES
SUCH AS SPECIALIZED
POSITIONING, EXPOSURE
PARAMETER ADJUSTMENTS,
AND ALTERNATIVE IMAGING
MODALITIES MAY BE
EMPLOYED.
■ GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY
INVOLVES CONSIDERATIONS
RELATED TO THE AGING
PROCESS, SUCH AS FRAILTY,
MOBILITY LIMITATIONS,
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS, AND
COEXISTING MEDICAL
CONDITIONS. RADIOGRAPHERS
MUST ADAPT IMAGING
PROTOCOLS AND PATIENT
CARE STRATEGIES TO MEET
THE UNIQUE NEEDS AND
CHALLENGES OF ELDERLY
PATIENTS.

16. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BARIATRIC &
GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY:
-PATIENT CARE STRATEGIES:
■ PATIENT CARE STRATEGIES IN
BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY
OFTEN FOCUS ON ENSURING
PATIENT COMFORT, DIGNITY,
AND SAFETY DURING IMAGING
PROCEDURES, AS WELLAS
OPTIMIZING RADIATION DOSE
AND IMAGE QUALITY FOR
LARGER PATIENTS.
■ IN GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY,
PATIENT CARE STRATEGIES
MAY INVOLVE ADDRESSING
MOBILITY CHALLENGES,
SENSORY IMPAIRMENTS,
COGNITIVE DEFICITS, AND
COMMUNICATION BARRIERS,
AS WELLAS PROVIDING
SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE
THROUGHOUT THE IMAGING
PROCESS.

17. RADIATION DOSE IN BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
INCREASED ABSORPTION AND
SCATTER:
■ OBESE PATIENTS TYPICALLY
HAVE THICKER BODY TISSUES,
WHICH CAN RESULT IN
GREATER ATTENUATION OF
THE X-RAY BEAM AND
INCREASED SCATTER
RADIATION. AS A RESULT,
HIGHER RADIATION DOSES
MAY BE REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE
ADEQUATE IMAGE QUALITY.
OPTIMIZED EXPOSURE PARAMETERS:
■ RADIOGRAPHERS MAY NEED TO
ADJUST EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
SUCH AS TUBE CURRENT (MAS)
AND TUBE VOLTAGE (KVP) TO
ACCOUNT FOR THE INCREASED
BODY MASS AND TISSUE
ATTENUATION IN OBESE PATIENTS.
OPTIMIZATION OF EXPOSURE
PARAMETERS HELPS BALANCE
IMAGE QUALITY WITH RADIATION
DOSE.

18. RADIATION DOSE IN BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE CONTROL
(AEC):
■ MANY MODERN RADIOGRAPHY
SYSTEMS ARE EQUIPPED WITH
AEC SYSTEMS THAT ADJUST
EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
BASED ON THE THICKNESS
AND COMPOSITION OF THE
IMAGED BODY PART. THESE
SYSTEMS CAN HELP OPTIMIZE
RADIATION DOSE WHILE
MAINTAINING IMAGE QUALITY.
USE OF GRIDS AND COLLIMATION:
■ GRIDS ARE OFTEN USED IN
RADIOGRAPHY TO REDUCE
SCATTERED RADIATION AND
IMPROVE IMAGE CONTRAST.
HOWEVER, USING A GRID ALSO
INCREASES PATIENT DOSE.
COLLIMATION OF THE X-RAY
BEAM TO INCLUDE ONLY THE
RELEVANT ANATOMY HELPS
MINIMIZE UNNECESSARY
RADIATION EXPOSURE TO
SURROUNDING TISSUES.

19. RADIATION DOSE IN BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
ALARA PRINCIPLE:
■ HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS ADHERE
TO THE ALARA (AS LOW AS
REASONABLY ACHIEVABLE)
PRINCIPLE WHEN PERFORMING
RADIOGRAPHIC PROCEDURES.
THIS PRINCIPLE EMPHASIZES
MINIMIZING RADIATION DOSE
WHILE MAINTAINING DIAGNOSTIC
IMAGE QUALITY. TECHNIQUES
SUCH AS SHIELDING AND PROPER
POSITIONING HELP REDUCE
UNNECESSARY RADIATION
EXPOSURE.
RADIATION SAFETY TRAINING:
■ RADIOGRAPHERS RECEIVE
TRAINING IN RADIATION
SAFETY PRINCIPLES AND
TECHNIQUES TO MINIMIZE
RADIATION DOSE TO PATIENTS
AND THEMSELVES. THIS
INCLUDES PROPER
POSITIONING OF THE PATIENT
AND X-RAY EQUIPMENT, AS
WELLAS THE USE OF
SHIELDING DEVICES WHEN
APPROPRIATE.

20. RADIATION DOSE IN GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
RADIATION SENSITIVITY:
■ ELDERLY PATIENTS MAY BE MORE SENSITIVE TO THE
EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION DUE TO FACTORS
SUCH AS REDUCED CELLULAR REPAIR MECHANISMS
AND UNDERLYING HEALTH CONDITIONS. THEREFORE,
MINIMIZING RADIATION DOSE IS PARTICULARLY
IMPORTANT IN THIS POPULATION TO MITIGATE THE RISK
OF RADIATION-INDUCED ADVERSE EFFECTS.

21. RADIATION DOSE IN GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
DOSE OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES:
■ RADIOGRAPHERS EMPLOY
VARIOUS DOSE OPTIMIZATION
TECHNIQUES TO REDUCE
RADIATION EXPOSURE DURING
GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY.
THESE MAY INCLUDE:
■ AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE CONTROL (AEC)
SYSTEMS: AEC ADJUSTS RADIATION
EXPOSURE BASED ON THE THICKNESS
AND COMPOSITION OF THE IMAGED
ANATOMY, OPTIMIZING DOSE WHILE
MAINTAINING IMAGE QUALITY.
■ PULSE FLUOROSCOPY: PULSE
FLUOROSCOPY TECHNIQUES REDUCE
RADIATION EXPOSURE DURING
DYNAMIC IMAGING PROCEDURES BY
PULSING THE X-RAY BEAM.
■ LOW-DOSE PROTOCOLS: IMAGING
PROTOCOLS TAILORED SPECIFICALLY
FOR ELDERLY PATIENTS MAY
INCORPORATE LOWER RADIATION
DOSES WHILE STILL PROVIDING
DIAGNOSTICALLY ACCEPTABLE
IMAGES.

22. RADIATION DOSE IN GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
COLLIMATION AND SHIELDING:
■ PROPER COLLIMATION OF THE
X-RAY BEAM TO INCLUDE
ONLY THE RELEVANT
ANATOMY HELPS MINIMIZE
UNNECESSARY RADIATION
EXPOSURE TO SURROUNDING
TISSUES. ADDITIONALLY, LEAD
SHIELDING DEVICES ARE USED
TO PROTECT SENSITIVE
ORGANS FROM RADIATION
EXPOSURE.
IMAGE RECEPTOR TECHNOLOGY:
■ ADVANCEMENTS IN DIGITAL
RADIOGRAPHY (DR) TECHNOLOGY
ALLOW FOR DOSE REDUCTION
THROUGH IMPROVED DETECTOR
SENSITIVITY AND IMAGE
PROCESSING ALGORITHMS. DR
SYSTEMS CAN ACHIEVE
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGE QUALITY
WITH LOWER RADIATION DOSES
COMPARED TO TRADITIONAL FILM-
SCREEN SYSTEMS.

23. RADIATION DOSE IN GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY:
JUSTIFICATION AND OPTIMIZATION:
■ THE PRINCIPLES OF
JUSTIFICATION AND
OPTIMIZATION, AS OUTLINED IN
THE ALARA (AS LOW AS
REASONABLY ACHIEVABLE)
PRINCIPLE, GUIDE
RADIOGRAPHERS IN MINIMIZING
RADIATION DOSE WHILE
ENSURING THAT THE BENEFITS
OF THE IMAGING PROCEDURE
OUTWEIGH THE ASSOCIATED
RISKS.
PATIENT-SPECIFIC FACTORS:
■ RADIOGRAPHERS CONSIDER
PATIENT-SPECIFIC FACTORS
SUCH AS BODY HABITUS,
CLINICAL INDICATIONS, AND
IMAGING OBJECTIVES WHEN
DETERMINING APPROPRIATE
RADIATION DOSE LEVELS.
ADJUSTMENTS MAY BE MADE
BASED ON FACTORS SUCH AS
PATIENT SIZE, TISSUE
COMPOSITION, AND
UNDERLYING HEALTH
CONDITIONS.

24. CONCLUSION:
■ IN CONCLUSION, BOTH BARIATRIC AND GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHYARE SPECIALIZED FIELDS
WITHIN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING THAT REQUIRE CAREFUL CONSIDERATION OF PATIENT
CHARACTERISTICS, EQUIPMENT NEEDS, AND IMAGING TECHNIQUES TO ENSURE OPTIMAL
OUTCOMES.
■ BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY FOCUSES ON IMAGING LARGER AND HEAVIER PATIENTS, OFTEN
REQUIRING SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT SUCH AS BARIATRIC IMAGING TABLES, DIGITAL
RADIOGRAPHY SYSTEMS WITH HIGHER WEIGHT CAPACITIES, AND MOBILE X-RAY UNITS FOR
BEDSIDE IMAGING. TECHNIQUES FOR RADIATION DOSE OPTIMIZATION, PATIENT
POSITIONING AIDS, AND RADIATION PROTECTION ARE ESSENTIAL TO ADDRESS THE UNIQUE
CHALLENGES POSED BY OBESITY.
■ GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY, ON THE OTHER HAND, INVOLVES IMAGING ELDERLY PATIENTS
WHO MAY PRESENT WITH AGE-RELATED PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES, FRAILTY, MOBILITY
LIMITATIONS, AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS. EQUIPMENT CONSIDERATIONS FOR GERIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY INCLUDE ADJUSTABLE IMAGING TABLES, MOBILE X-RAY UNITS FOR BEDSIDE
IMAGING, AND LOW-DOSE IMAGING TECHNIQUES TO MINIMIZE RADIATION EXPOSURE.
RADIOLUCENT POSITIONING AIDS, COMMUNICATION DEVICES, AND WHEELCHAIR-
ACCESSIBLE IMAGING ROOMS ARE ALSO IMPORTANT FOR ENSURING PATIENT COMFORT,
SAFETY, AND COOPERATION DURING IMAGING PROCEDURES.

25. CONCLUSION:
■ IN BOTH BARIATRIC AND GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY, INTERDISCIPLINARY
COLLABORATION, PATIENT-CENTERED CARE, AND ADHERENCE TO
RADIATION SAFETY PRINCIPLES ARE ESSENTIAL TO PROVIDE HIGH-
QUALITY DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING WHILE PROMOTING PATIENT WELL-
BEING. BY EMPLOYING SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUES
TAILORED TO THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF BARIATRIC AND GERIATRIC
PATIENTS, HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS CAN EFFECTIVELY PERFORM
RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS AND CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVED PATIENT
OUTCOMES IN THESE POPULATIONS.

26. MCQ

27. WHAT SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT IS
OFTEN USED TO ACCOMMODATE
LARGER PATIENTS DURING BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY?
A) NARROW IMAGING TABLES
B) TRADITIONAL X-RAY GRIDS
C) MOBILE X-RAY UNITS
D) BARIATRIC IMAGING TABLES

28. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A
COMMON CHALLENGE IN BARIATRIC
RADIOGRAPHY?
A) REDUCED RADIATION SENSITIVITY
B) DECREASED TISSUE ATTENUATION
C) LIMITED BODY MASS
D) IMAGE QUALITY DEGRADATION

29. WHAT ADJUSTMENTS MIGHT BE
NECESSARY IN EXPOSURE PARAMETERS
FOR BARIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY TO
ENSURE ADEQUATE IMAGE PENETRATION
AND QUALITY?
A) DECREASE MAS AND KVP
B) INCREASE MAS AND DECREASE KVP
C) INCREASE MAS AND KVP
D) NO ADJUSTMENTS ARE NEEDED

30. WHICH IMAGING MODALITY IS
COMMONLY USED AS AN
ALTERNATIVE TO TRADITIONAL
RADIOGRAPHY IN BARIATRIC
PATIENTS?
A) ULTRASOUND
B) MRI
C) CT
D) PET

31. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS
CONTRIBUTES TO THE INCREASED SENSITIVITY
OF ELDERLY PATIENTS TO RADIATION?
A) HIGHER TISSUE ATTENUATION
B) ENHANCED CELLULAR REPAIR MECHANISMS
C) REDUCED CELLULAR REPAIR MECHANISMS
D) GREATER TOLERANCE TO RADIATION

32. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A COMMON
CHALLENGE IN GERIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY?
A) INCREASED MUSCLE MASS
B) DECREASED BONE DENSITY
C) ENHANCED CELLULAR REPAIR
MECHANISMS
D) HIGHER TOLERANCE TO RADIATION

33. THANK
YOU