This document discusses various types of financial institutions in India including banking institutions like commercial banks and central banks as well as non-banking financial institutions like mutual funds, insurance companies, and non-banking financial companies. It provides details on the functions of commercial banks, the Reserve Bank of India, mutual funds, insurance companies, and how these financial institutions contribute to the development of the Indian economy.

1. Banking and Non-Banking Financial
Institutions

2. Financial institutions in India
 Finance refers to funds needed
to carry out production activities.
 Funds are needed for meeting
current requirements or day to
day expenses and for buying
capital goods. A business unit,
factory or a workshop needs
funds for paying wages and
salaries for buying raw
materials.
 Institution
that meet all such
requirements of finance are
called financial institutions.

3. Non-Banking financial Institutions.
Non-banking Financial Institutions carry out
financing activities but their resources are
not directly obtained from the savers as
debt. Instead, these Institutions mobilize the
public savings for rendering other financial
services including investment.
All such Institutions are financial
intermediaries and when they lend, they are
known as Non-Banking Financial
Intermediaries (NBFIs) or Investment
Institutions. Eg:
 UNIT TRUST OF INDIA
 LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATION (LIC)
 GENERAL INSURANCE
CORPORATION (GIC)

4. Commercial Banks
 Commercial banks offer a wide range of
corporate financial services that address the
specific needs of private enterprise.
 They provide deposit, loan and trading
facilities but will not service investment
activities in financial markets.
 The term commercial bank is used to
differentiate these banks from investment
banks, which are primarily engaged in the
financial markets.
 Commercial banks are also differentiated
from retail banks that cater to individual
clients only.
For eg:
 Citigroup
 HSBC Bank

5. FUNCTIONS OF A COMMERCIAL BANK:
Primary Functions:
Secondary Functions:
I- ACCEPTING DEPOSITS:
I- AGENCY SERVICES.
a) Saving Account Deposits. II- GENERAL UTILITY
b) Fixed Deposits. SERVICES.
3) Call Deposits.
II- PROVIDING LOADS AND
ADVANCES:
a) Call loans.
b) Short Term loans.
c) Medium Term loans.
d) Long Term loans.

6. CENTRAL BANKS:
 A central bank is a public institution
that usually issues the currency,
regulates the money supply and
controls the interest rates in a
country.
 Central Banks also often oversee
the commercial banking system of
their respective countries. In
contrast to a commercial bank, a
central bank possesses a monopoly
on printing the national currency,
which usually serves as the
nation's legal tender.
 EG: RBI

7.  The Reserve Bank of India was established in
1935 as a private shareholder's bank. It is the
apex bank in the banking structure and leader of
the money market.
 The functions of RBI are as follows:
 Monopoly of note issue:
 The RBI has the sole right of note issue. All
currency notes except 1 rupee note and coins are
issued by the Issue Department of the Central
Bank.
 Banker to the Government:
 The RBI is the banker agent and advisor to the
Government. It accepts deposits and makes
payment on behalf of the Government.
 Banker's Bank:
 RBI acts as a banker for all commercial banks. All
scheduled banks come under the direct control of
RBI.
 Credit control:
 The central bank uses both quantitative and
qualitative weapons to control credit. Credit
control is said to be one of the principal functions

8.  MUTUAL FUNDS SECTOR:
 It is defined as an intermediary
which performs the function of
buying and selling securities on
behalf of its unit holders. They are
also known as thematic funds.
 Mutual funds have been a
significant source of investment in
both government and corporate
securities.
 Thus, mutual fund collects money
from investors and invest the funds
on behalf of the unit holders.
 SEBI regulates the functioning of
mutual funds, and it requires that all
MFs should be established as
trusts under the Indian Trusts Act.

9.  Mutual Funds offer a variety of schemes:
 Open ended funds
 Under this, the units are sold and redeemed on a
continuous basis.
 The price is determined on the basis of the Net
asset value of the fund.
 Close ended funds
 Here, fixed number of units are sold at the time
of offering the issue of the public.
 They have a lock-in period and offer assured
dividend.
 Venture capital funds
 Specialized funds
 Fund of funds

10.  Association of Mutual Funds in
India (AMFI) has got its new
chairman.
 This position at AMFI was vacant
since departure of U K Sinha from
the association to become the chief
at market regulatory body Security
and Exchange Commission of India
(SEBI).
 The new chairman at the AMFI is
Milind Barve.
 Milind Barve is serving as
Managing Director of HDFC Asset
Management Company.

11.  INSURANCE SECTOR:
 The insurance sector is another major component of the
non-banking financial sector.
 It provides security by reducing risk and promotes the
welfare of the people.
 The funds collected by it in the form of premium are
invested productivity.
 They provide long term capital to the industrial sector
thereby help in industrialization of the economy.
 The first insurance company by name the oriental life
insurance company was established in India in 1818.
 LIC came into existence in 1956 due to the
nationalization of private and foreign insurers. The
General Insurance Corporation was established in 1972.

12. Insurance Sector provides many insurance like health,
general and life insurance etc.

13. Facts about LIC:
 The first insurance company by name
the Oriental Life Insurance Company
was established in India in 1818.
 Life Insurance Corporation Of India came
into existence in 1956 due to the
Nationalization of private and foreign
Insurers.
 The insurance sector in India has gone
through many changes and at present,
is one of the emerging sectors of the
economy promising faster growth.

14. Presented by:
170.Shraddha Singh
174. Rehman Khan
175. Rudolph Pereira
176. Pradeep Sode
178. Sanah Suvarna
M.V.L.U College of Arts, Science and Commerce.