Beginning in the mid-19th century, reformers led by the English designer William Morris had sought to bridge the same division by emphasizing high-quality handicrafts in combination with design appropriate to its purpose

1. Beginning in the mid-19th century, reformers led by the English designer William Morris had sought to
bridge the same division by emphasizing high-quality handicrafts in combination with design
appropriate to its purpose.
By the last decade of that century, these efforts had led to the Arts and Crafts movement. While extending
the Arts and Crafts attentiveness to good design for every aspect of daily living, the forward-looking
Bauhaus rejected the Arts and Crafts emphasis on individually executed luxury objects.
Realizing that machine production had to be the precondition of design if that effort was to have any impact
in the 20th century, Gropius directed the school’s design efforts toward mass manufacture.
On the example of Gropius’s ideal, modern designers have since thought in terms of producing functional
and aesthetically pleasing objects for mass society rather than individual items for a wealthy elite.
WAY TO BAUHAUS SCHOOL

2. Bahaus School
•Was a German art school operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and
the fine arts
•It operated from 1919 to 1933
•Founded by Walter Gropius
•Its founder was an architect ,but the Bahaus didn't have an architecture department
for several years.
• Exploring design in new directions
• Cutting down on unnecessary ornamentation.
• Design is form and function.
• Harmony of craftsmanship and mass production
• Making design a part of the entire production process.
• Keeping it minimal was the whole point- No excessive use
of resources could be afforded.
• Bridging gap between Art and Industry by combining craft
and fine art.
The Bauhaus Philosophy

3. • Tubular steel was the star of the Bauhaus design movement.
• Plastic
• Wood
•Iron
• Textile
• Glass
• Leather
• All the material that could be used for mass production, were light-weight and could be handled by
machinery.
Materials used
Bahaus School
• Minimalist (lines, smooth gentle lines and shapes)
• Geometrical
• Anti-ornament
• Industrial look
• Modern materials (plastic, chrome and other metals)
• Monochromatic
• Abstract
Characteristics of Bauhaus Design

9. Walter Gropius
•Walter Gropius Full Name - George Walter Adolf Gropius.
•Born In Berlin On 18 May 1883.
•Was A German American Architect And An Educator.
•He Was An Influtential Proponent Of Modern Design And Furthered His
Ideas Through Bauhaus School Design, Through His Own Architectural Works
And His Long Years Of Teaching At Harvard.
•He Was Taught By His Father, He Also Was An Architect And Learned The
Study Of Proportions With Actual Architectural Expressions By His Uncle.
•He Took 7 Months Study In Spain And Met Peter Behrens In 1908 And
Worked Under Him.
•In 1934, He Moved To U.K. London, Where He Was The Controller Of Design.
•In 1937, He Departed London For New York And Harvard University.

10. •Gropius was not only an architect but an educator too, his psychology was influenced by the
constant source of learning and imparting that knowledge around himself.
•His instructional methods were different in the teaching at harvard university.
•His design has full command of the elements of architecture, which were to constitute the
international modern style, that is glass curtain walls, and corner left free of visible supports.
•He believed that all artist must be familiar with the crafts and initial training for artist and
craftman should be same i.e. introduction to form, colour, nature of material.
His programme was written to encourage collaborative efforts with landscape
architecture and planning deptt. Through organanisation by students themselves.
•In those times the use of machine was encouraged because of the phase of
industrilasation.
•He realized the interdependence of machine and architecture, thus
encouraged the use of prefabricated units.
•In his belief pre-fabrication is alogical progressive process aimed at rising
standard of building.

11. BAHAUS SCHOOL
•The Bahaus School, Dessau
Germany
•Designed by Walter Gropius and
his Partner Meyer with certain
amount of participation from
students.
•Bauhaus literally “house of
construction”
•The complex consists of
1. Workshop block
2. Teaching block
3. Social areas
4. Study block
5. Administrative wing

12. 1
2
3 4
5
1.Workshop
2.Auditorium and canteen
3.Studios
4.Administration
5.Technical college

13. Enclosed by glass curtain wall.
The glass wall first used in Fagus factory 1911.
The whole cube seems like to immense horizontal plain floating on the ground.
Light steel grid.

17. FAGUS FACTORY 1910
Designed by Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer,

19. AEG TURBINE FACTORY BY BEHRENS AND FAGUS FACTORY BY GROPIUS