This document presents a numerical solution to an equation describing instability phenomenon in double phase flow through a homogeneous porous medium. The governing nonlinear partial differential equation is derived based on Darcy's law and equations of mass conservation for the two immiscible fluids. The equation is then nondimensionalized and solved using the collocation method with cubic B-spline finite elements. The numerical solution provides the saturation distribution of the injected fluid as a function of both time and distance through the porous medium.
Analytic Analysis for Oil Recovery During Cocurrent Imbibition in Inclined Ho...rahulmonikasharma
This paper focuses on the analysis of cocurrent imbibition phenomenon which occurs during secondary oil recovery process.In cocurrent imbibition, a strongly wetting phase(water) displaces a non-wetting phase(oil) spontaneously under the influence of capillary forces such that the oil moves in the same direction to the water. We use an optimal homotopy analysis method to derive an approximate analytical expression for saturation of water when the viscosity of the non-wetting phase is non-negligible.
APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF NON-LINEAR BOUSSINESQ EQUATION FOR THE UNS...mathsjournal
For one dimensional homogeneous, isotropic aquifer, without accretion the governing Boussinesq equation under Dupuit assumptions is a nonlinear partial differential equation. In the present paper approximate analytical solution of nonlinear Boussinesq equation is obtained using Homotopy perturbation transform method(HPTM). The solution is compared with the exact solution. The comparison shows that the HPTM is efficient, accurate and reliable. The analysis of two important aquifer parameters namely viz. specific yield and hydraulic conductivity is studied to see the effects on the height of water table. The results resemble well with the physical phenomena.
The effect of magnetic field on the boundary layer flow over a stretching she...IAEME Publication
The boundary layer flow created due to a linearly stretching sheet in a nanofluid is studied numerically. The boundary value problem consisting of nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, using similarity transformation and are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta Fourth order method, with shooting technique. The transport equations include the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis.
MHD convection flow of viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical...IJERA Editor
The effect of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and hall current of the MHD convection flow of the viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical flat plate has been discussed by using regular perturbation and homotophy perturbation technique with similarity solutions. The influence of various physical parameters on velocity, cross flow velocity and temperature of fluid has been obtained numerically and through graphs.
Prediction of Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Sand-Quarry dust B...IJERD Editor
Block manufacturers in Nigeria are faced with the problem of mix proportioning to meet the compressive strength and water absorption requirements. This paper developed new models for predicting the 28th day compressive strength and water absorption of sand-quarry dust blocks using Osadebe’s regression model which expresses the response as a function of the proportions of the mixture components. The models were formulated using existing data and were validated using the F statistic and probability plots. A comparison of the models and the existing ones based on Scheffe’s simplex lattice models showed that there is no statistical difference between them. The new models however have wider range of application and are more user friendly.
A solution of the Burger’s equation arising in the Longitudinal Dispersion Ph...IOSR Journals
The goal of the paper is to examine the concentration of the longitudinal dispersion phenomenon arising in fluid flow through porous media. The solution of the Burger’s equation for the dispersion problem is
presented by approach to Sumudu transformation. The solution is obtained by using suitable conditions and is
more simplified under the standard assumptions.
Analytic Analysis for Oil Recovery During Cocurrent Imbibition in Inclined Ho...rahulmonikasharma
This paper focuses on the analysis of cocurrent imbibition phenomenon which occurs during secondary oil recovery process.In cocurrent imbibition, a strongly wetting phase(water) displaces a non-wetting phase(oil) spontaneously under the influence of capillary forces such that the oil moves in the same direction to the water. We use an optimal homotopy analysis method to derive an approximate analytical expression for saturation of water when the viscosity of the non-wetting phase is non-negligible.
APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF NON-LINEAR BOUSSINESQ EQUATION FOR THE UNS...mathsjournal
For one dimensional homogeneous, isotropic aquifer, without accretion the governing Boussinesq equation under Dupuit assumptions is a nonlinear partial differential equation. In the present paper approximate analytical solution of nonlinear Boussinesq equation is obtained using Homotopy perturbation transform method(HPTM). The solution is compared with the exact solution. The comparison shows that the HPTM is efficient, accurate and reliable. The analysis of two important aquifer parameters namely viz. specific yield and hydraulic conductivity is studied to see the effects on the height of water table. The results resemble well with the physical phenomena.
The effect of magnetic field on the boundary layer flow over a stretching she...IAEME Publication
The boundary layer flow created due to a linearly stretching sheet in a nanofluid is studied numerically. The boundary value problem consisting of nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, using similarity transformation and are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta Fourth order method, with shooting technique. The transport equations include the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis.
MHD convection flow of viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical...IJERA Editor
The effect of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and hall current of the MHD convection flow of the viscous incompressible fluid over a stretched vertical flat plate has been discussed by using regular perturbation and homotophy perturbation technique with similarity solutions. The influence of various physical parameters on velocity, cross flow velocity and temperature of fluid has been obtained numerically and through graphs.
Prediction of Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Sand-Quarry dust B...IJERD Editor
Block manufacturers in Nigeria are faced with the problem of mix proportioning to meet the compressive strength and water absorption requirements. This paper developed new models for predicting the 28th day compressive strength and water absorption of sand-quarry dust blocks using Osadebe’s regression model which expresses the response as a function of the proportions of the mixture components. The models were formulated using existing data and were validated using the F statistic and probability plots. A comparison of the models and the existing ones based on Scheffe’s simplex lattice models showed that there is no statistical difference between them. The new models however have wider range of application and are more user friendly.
A solution of the Burger’s equation arising in the Longitudinal Dispersion Ph...IOSR Journals
The goal of the paper is to examine the concentration of the longitudinal dispersion phenomenon arising in fluid flow through porous media. The solution of the Burger’s equation for the dispersion problem is
presented by approach to Sumudu transformation. The solution is obtained by using suitable conditions and is
more simplified under the standard assumptions.
Determination of the Probability Size Distribution
of Solid Particles in a Technical Water by Tomantschger Kurt W*, Petrović Dragan V and Radojević Rade L in Evolutions in Mechanical Engineering
Abstract— A scientific investigation is created to examine the nonlinear unfaltering blended convection limit
layer stream and warmth exchange of an incompressible digression hyperbolicnon-Newtonian liquid from a
non-isothermal wedge in the nearness of attractive field. The changed preservation conditions are understood
numerically subject to physically fitting limit conditions utilizing a second-arrange precise verifiable limited
distinction Keller Box method. The numerical code is accepted with past studies. The impact of various rising
non-dimensional parameters, to be specific Weissenberg number (We), power law record (n), blended
convection parameter, weight angle parameter (m), Prandtl number (Pr), Biot number, attractive parameter
(M)and dimensionless extraneous direction on speed and temperature development in the limit layer
administration are inspected in subtle element. Moreover, the impacts of these parameters on surface warmth
exchange rate and nearby skin erosion are additionally examined. Approval with prior Newtonian studies is
introduced and amazing relationship accomplished. It is found that speed is lessened with expanding We,
while, temperature is increased. Expanding n improves speed yet diminishes temperature, a comparable
pattern was seen. An expanding M is found to decline speed however temperature increments.
Keywords— Magnetic parameter, Mixed Convection parameter, Non-Newtonian digression hyperbolic liquid,
power law index, Weissenberg number, Weight inclination parameter.
MHD Natural Convection Flow of an incompressible electrically conducting visc...IJERA Editor
We consider a two-dimensional MHD natural convection flow of an incompressible viscous and electrically
conducting fluid through porous medium past a vertical impermeable flat plate is considered in presence of a
uniform transverse magnetic field. The governing equations of velocity and temperature fields with appropriate
boundary conditions are solved by the ordinary differential equations by introducing appropriate coordinate
transformations. We solve that ordinary differential equations and find the velocity profiles, temperature profile,
the skin friction and nusselt number. The effects of Grashof number (Gr), Hartmann number (M) and Prandtl
number (Pr), Darcy parameter (D-1) on velocity profiles and temperature profiles are shown graphically.
analysis of unsteady squeezing flow between two porous plates with variable m...IJAEMSJORNAL
Analysis will be made for the non-isothermal Newtonian fuid flow between two unsteady squeezing porous plates under the infuence of variable magnetic feld. The similarity transformations will be used to transform the partial differential equations into nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The modeled nonlinear differential equations representing the flow behavior in the geometry under consideration will be investigated using analytical and numerical method. Comparison of the solutions will be made. Convergence of solution will also be discussed. Flow behavior under the infuence of non-dimensional parameters will be discussed with the help of graphical aids.
A Stochastic Iteration Method for A Class of Monotone Variational Inequalitie...CSCJournals
We examined a general method for obtaining a solution to a class of monotone variational inequalities in Hilbert space. Let H be a real Hilbert space, and Let T : H -> H be a continuous linear monotone operator and K be a non empty closed convex subset of H. From an initial arbitrary point x0 ∈ K. We proposed and obtained iterative method that converges in norm to a solution of the class of monotone variational inequalities. A stochastic scheme {xn} is defined as follows: x(n+1) = xn - anF* (xn), n≥0, F*(xn), n ≥ 0 is a strong stochastic approximation of Txn - b, for all b (possible zero) ∈ H and an ∈ (0,1).
Double Diffusive Convection and the Improvement of Flow in Square Porous AnnulusIJERA Editor
There has been increased interest shown in recent years to investigate the behavior of heat and mass transfer in a square annulus with a porous medium fixed between the inner and outer walls. This paper aims to evaluate the Soret effect arising in the case of heat and mass transfer in a porous medium bounded by a square annulus and subjected to isothermal heating of the inner surfaces as well as the outer horizontal surfaces. The phenomenon is governed by 3 partial differential equations, the momentum, energy and concentration equations, that are coupled together and result in a situation where change in one variable affects the other equations and vice versa. The partial differential equations are converted into finite element equations with the help of the Galerkin method and then solved to predict solution variables such as temperature, stream function and concentration in the porous medium. It is found that the heat transfer rate at the hot wall decreases with increasing viscous dissipation effect in the porous medium.
Numerical simulation on laminar convection flow and heat transfer over an iso...eSAT Journals
Abstract A numerical algorithm is presented for studying laminar convection flow and heat transfer over an isothermal vertical horizontal plate embedded in a saturated porous medium. By means of similarity transformation, the original nonlinear partial differential equations of flow are transformed to a pair of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Subsequently they are reduced to a first order system and integrated using Newton Raphson and adaptive Runge-Kutta methods. The computer codes are developed for this numerical analysis in Matlab environment. Velocity and temperature profiles are illustrated graphically. Heat transfer parameters are derived. Keywords
Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applicationsijtsrd
In this paper a detailed study is presented on magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows with their basic governing equations. Basic concept of magnetohydrodynamic is discussed in detail. The results of various problems done by researchers are presented and addressed properly. The various applications of magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows have been presented. Dr. Vishal Saxena ""Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applications"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29931.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathematics/29931/study-of-magnetohydrodynamic-fluid-flows-and-their-applications/dr-vishal-saxena
Implementation of finite volume method in creeping flow around a circular cyl...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A Finite Volume Method have been performed in simulation of creeping flow around a circular cylinder contained between plates. By adopting the SIMPLE algorithm the governing equations are solved together with Papanastasious regularization. Apparent viscosity is calculated on each iteration by using forward difference operation. Yield surfaces are studied over the range of Oldroyd number 10≤Od≤〖10〗^4. The model results are found to be in good agreement with obtained results of the other method.
Keywords: Creeping flow, Finite Volume Method, Yielded and unyielded zone, Bingham number.
Analytic Solutions to the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman Equation with Variable Perme...IJERA Editor
Three exact solutions to the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman equation with variable permeability are obtained in this
work. Solutions are obtained for a given vorticity distribution, taken as a function of the streamfunction.
Classification of the flow field is provided and comparison is made with the solutions obtained when
permeability is constant. Interdependence of Reynolds number and variable permeability is emphasized.
Implementation of finite volume method in creeping flow around a circular cyl...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A Finite Volume Method have been performed in simulation of creeping flow around a circular cylinder contained between plates. By adopting the SIMPLE algorithm the governing equations are solved together with Papanastasious regularization. Apparent viscosity is calculated on each iteration by using forward difference operation. Yield surfaces are studied over the range of Oldroyd number 10≤Od≤〖10〗^4. The model results are found to be in good agreement with obtained results of the other method.
Keywords: Creeping flow, Finite Volume Method, Yielded and unyielded zone, Bingham number.
Approximate Analytical Solution of Non-Linear Boussinesq Equation for the Uns...mathsjournal
For one dimensional homogeneous, isotropic aquifer, without accretion the governing Boussinesq equation under Dupuit assumptions is a nonlinear partial differential equation. In the present paper approximate analytical solution of nonlinear Boussinesq equation is obtained using Homotopy perturbation transform method(HPTM). The solution is compared with the exact solution. The comparison shows that the HPTM is efficient, accurate and reliable. The analysis of two important aquifer
parameters namely viz. specific yield and hydraulic conductivity is studied to see the effects on the height of water table. The results resemble well with the physical phenomena.
Numerical simulation of marangoni driven boundary layer flow over a flat plat...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A numerical algorithm is presented for studying Marangoni convection flow over a flat plate with an imposed temperature
distribution. Plate temperature varies with x in the following prescribed manner: where A and k are constants.
By means of similarity transformation, the original nonlinear partial differential equations of flow are transformed to a pair of
nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Subsequently they are reduced to a first order system and integrated using Newton
Raphson and adaptive Runge-Kutta methods. The computer codes are developed for this numerical analysis in Matlab
environment. Velocity profiles for various values of k, and temperature profiles for various Prandtl number and k are illustrated
graphically. The results of the present simulation are then compared with the previous works available in literature with good
agreement.
Keywords: Matlab, Marangoni Convection, Numerical Simulation, Surface Tension, Flat Plate.
Comparision of flow analysis through a different geometry of flowmeters using...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Determination of the Probability Size Distribution
of Solid Particles in a Technical Water by Tomantschger Kurt W*, Petrović Dragan V and Radojević Rade L in Evolutions in Mechanical Engineering
Abstract— A scientific investigation is created to examine the nonlinear unfaltering blended convection limit
layer stream and warmth exchange of an incompressible digression hyperbolicnon-Newtonian liquid from a
non-isothermal wedge in the nearness of attractive field. The changed preservation conditions are understood
numerically subject to physically fitting limit conditions utilizing a second-arrange precise verifiable limited
distinction Keller Box method. The numerical code is accepted with past studies. The impact of various rising
non-dimensional parameters, to be specific Weissenberg number (We), power law record (n), blended
convection parameter, weight angle parameter (m), Prandtl number (Pr), Biot number, attractive parameter
(M)and dimensionless extraneous direction on speed and temperature development in the limit layer
administration are inspected in subtle element. Moreover, the impacts of these parameters on surface warmth
exchange rate and nearby skin erosion are additionally examined. Approval with prior Newtonian studies is
introduced and amazing relationship accomplished. It is found that speed is lessened with expanding We,
while, temperature is increased. Expanding n improves speed yet diminishes temperature, a comparable
pattern was seen. An expanding M is found to decline speed however temperature increments.
Keywords— Magnetic parameter, Mixed Convection parameter, Non-Newtonian digression hyperbolic liquid,
power law index, Weissenberg number, Weight inclination parameter.
MHD Natural Convection Flow of an incompressible electrically conducting visc...IJERA Editor
We consider a two-dimensional MHD natural convection flow of an incompressible viscous and electrically
conducting fluid through porous medium past a vertical impermeable flat plate is considered in presence of a
uniform transverse magnetic field. The governing equations of velocity and temperature fields with appropriate
boundary conditions are solved by the ordinary differential equations by introducing appropriate coordinate
transformations. We solve that ordinary differential equations and find the velocity profiles, temperature profile,
the skin friction and nusselt number. The effects of Grashof number (Gr), Hartmann number (M) and Prandtl
number (Pr), Darcy parameter (D-1) on velocity profiles and temperature profiles are shown graphically.
analysis of unsteady squeezing flow between two porous plates with variable m...IJAEMSJORNAL
Analysis will be made for the non-isothermal Newtonian fuid flow between two unsteady squeezing porous plates under the infuence of variable magnetic feld. The similarity transformations will be used to transform the partial differential equations into nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The modeled nonlinear differential equations representing the flow behavior in the geometry under consideration will be investigated using analytical and numerical method. Comparison of the solutions will be made. Convergence of solution will also be discussed. Flow behavior under the infuence of non-dimensional parameters will be discussed with the help of graphical aids.
A Stochastic Iteration Method for A Class of Monotone Variational Inequalitie...CSCJournals
We examined a general method for obtaining a solution to a class of monotone variational inequalities in Hilbert space. Let H be a real Hilbert space, and Let T : H -> H be a continuous linear monotone operator and K be a non empty closed convex subset of H. From an initial arbitrary point x0 ∈ K. We proposed and obtained iterative method that converges in norm to a solution of the class of monotone variational inequalities. A stochastic scheme {xn} is defined as follows: x(n+1) = xn - anF* (xn), n≥0, F*(xn), n ≥ 0 is a strong stochastic approximation of Txn - b, for all b (possible zero) ∈ H and an ∈ (0,1).
Double Diffusive Convection and the Improvement of Flow in Square Porous AnnulusIJERA Editor
There has been increased interest shown in recent years to investigate the behavior of heat and mass transfer in a square annulus with a porous medium fixed between the inner and outer walls. This paper aims to evaluate the Soret effect arising in the case of heat and mass transfer in a porous medium bounded by a square annulus and subjected to isothermal heating of the inner surfaces as well as the outer horizontal surfaces. The phenomenon is governed by 3 partial differential equations, the momentum, energy and concentration equations, that are coupled together and result in a situation where change in one variable affects the other equations and vice versa. The partial differential equations are converted into finite element equations with the help of the Galerkin method and then solved to predict solution variables such as temperature, stream function and concentration in the porous medium. It is found that the heat transfer rate at the hot wall decreases with increasing viscous dissipation effect in the porous medium.
Numerical simulation on laminar convection flow and heat transfer over an iso...eSAT Journals
Abstract A numerical algorithm is presented for studying laminar convection flow and heat transfer over an isothermal vertical horizontal plate embedded in a saturated porous medium. By means of similarity transformation, the original nonlinear partial differential equations of flow are transformed to a pair of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Subsequently they are reduced to a first order system and integrated using Newton Raphson and adaptive Runge-Kutta methods. The computer codes are developed for this numerical analysis in Matlab environment. Velocity and temperature profiles are illustrated graphically. Heat transfer parameters are derived. Keywords
Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applicationsijtsrd
In this paper a detailed study is presented on magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows with their basic governing equations. Basic concept of magnetohydrodynamic is discussed in detail. The results of various problems done by researchers are presented and addressed properly. The various applications of magnetohydrodynamic fluid flows have been presented. Dr. Vishal Saxena ""Study of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flows and Their Applications"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29931.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathematics/29931/study-of-magnetohydrodynamic-fluid-flows-and-their-applications/dr-vishal-saxena
Implementation of finite volume method in creeping flow around a circular cyl...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A Finite Volume Method have been performed in simulation of creeping flow around a circular cylinder contained between plates. By adopting the SIMPLE algorithm the governing equations are solved together with Papanastasious regularization. Apparent viscosity is calculated on each iteration by using forward difference operation. Yield surfaces are studied over the range of Oldroyd number 10≤Od≤〖10〗^4. The model results are found to be in good agreement with obtained results of the other method.
Keywords: Creeping flow, Finite Volume Method, Yielded and unyielded zone, Bingham number.
Analytic Solutions to the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman Equation with Variable Perme...IJERA Editor
Three exact solutions to the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman equation with variable permeability are obtained in this
work. Solutions are obtained for a given vorticity distribution, taken as a function of the streamfunction.
Classification of the flow field is provided and comparison is made with the solutions obtained when
permeability is constant. Interdependence of Reynolds number and variable permeability is emphasized.
Implementation of finite volume method in creeping flow around a circular cyl...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A Finite Volume Method have been performed in simulation of creeping flow around a circular cylinder contained between plates. By adopting the SIMPLE algorithm the governing equations are solved together with Papanastasious regularization. Apparent viscosity is calculated on each iteration by using forward difference operation. Yield surfaces are studied over the range of Oldroyd number 10≤Od≤〖10〗^4. The model results are found to be in good agreement with obtained results of the other method.
Keywords: Creeping flow, Finite Volume Method, Yielded and unyielded zone, Bingham number.
Approximate Analytical Solution of Non-Linear Boussinesq Equation for the Uns...mathsjournal
For one dimensional homogeneous, isotropic aquifer, without accretion the governing Boussinesq equation under Dupuit assumptions is a nonlinear partial differential equation. In the present paper approximate analytical solution of nonlinear Boussinesq equation is obtained using Homotopy perturbation transform method(HPTM). The solution is compared with the exact solution. The comparison shows that the HPTM is efficient, accurate and reliable. The analysis of two important aquifer
parameters namely viz. specific yield and hydraulic conductivity is studied to see the effects on the height of water table. The results resemble well with the physical phenomena.
Numerical simulation of marangoni driven boundary layer flow over a flat plat...eSAT Journals
Abstract
A numerical algorithm is presented for studying Marangoni convection flow over a flat plate with an imposed temperature
distribution. Plate temperature varies with x in the following prescribed manner: where A and k are constants.
By means of similarity transformation, the original nonlinear partial differential equations of flow are transformed to a pair of
nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Subsequently they are reduced to a first order system and integrated using Newton
Raphson and adaptive Runge-Kutta methods. The computer codes are developed for this numerical analysis in Matlab
environment. Velocity profiles for various values of k, and temperature profiles for various Prandtl number and k are illustrated
graphically. The results of the present simulation are then compared with the previous works available in literature with good
agreement.
Keywords: Matlab, Marangoni Convection, Numerical Simulation, Surface Tension, Flat Plate.
Comparision of flow analysis through a different geometry of flowmeters using...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF NON-LINEAR BOUSSINESQ EQUATION FOR THE UNS...mathsjournal
For one dimensional homogeneous, isotropic aquifer, without accretion the governing Boussinesq
equation under Dupuit assumptions is a nonlinear partial differential equation. In the present paper
approximate analytical solution of nonlinear Boussinesq equation is obtained using Homotopy
perturbation transform method(HPTM). The solution is compared with the exact solution. The
comparison shows that the HPTM is efficient, accurate and reliable. The analysis of two important aquifer
parameters namely viz. specific yield and hydraulic conductivity is studied to see the effects on the height
of water table. The results resemble well with the physical phenomena.
APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF NON-LINEAR BOUSSINESQ EQUATION FOR THE UNS...mathsjournal
For one dimensional homogeneous, isotropic aquifer, without accretion the governing Boussinesq
equation under Dupuit assumptions is a nonlinear partial differential equation. In the present paper
approximate analytical solution of nonlinear Boussinesq equation is obtained using Homotopy
perturbation transform method(HPTM). The solution is compared with the exact solution. The
comparison shows that the HPTM is efficient, accurate and reliable. The analysis of two important aquifer
parameters namely viz. specific yield and hydraulic conductivity is studied to see the effects on the height
of water table. The results resemble well with the physical phenomena.
vertical response of a hereditary deformable systemIJAEMSJORNAL
An investigation of a viscoelastic material damping effect is studied on an example of plenum air-cushion craft model. A numerical investigation was conducted to determine the vertical response characteristic of an open plenum air-cushion structure. The pure vertical motion of an air-cushion structure is investigated using a non-linear mathematical model; this incorporates a simple model to account hereditary deformable characteristic of the material.
Comparison of Explicit Finite Difference Model and Galerkin Finite Element Mo...AM Publications
This paper describes Galerkin finite element (FEFLOW) models for the simulation of groundwater flow in twodimensional,
transient, unconfined groundwater flow systems. This study involves validation of FEFLOW model with reported
analytical solutions and also comparison of reported Explicit Finite Difference Model for groundwater flow simulation
(FDFLOW). The model is further used to obtain the space and time distribution of groundwater head for the reported
synthetic test case. The effect of time step size, space discretizations, pumping rates is analyzed on model results.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
INRIA-USFD-KCL- Identification of artery wall stiffness - 2014Cristina Staicu
Cristobal Bertoglio, David Barber, Nicholas Gaddum, Israel Valverde, Marcel Rutten, et al.. Identification of artery wall stiffness: in vitro validation and in vivo results of a data assimilation procedure applied to a 3D fluid-structure interaction model. Journal of Biomechanics, Elsevier, 2014, 47 (5),
pp.1027-1034. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.12.029 . hal-00925902v2
I received explicit thank you from the INRIA team for my support in the Sheffield team.
Heat and Mass Transfer Hydromagnetic Radiative Casson Fluid Flow over an Expo...inventionjournals
The present paper examines the hydromagnetic two-dimensional boundary layer flow of a nonNewtonian fluid accompanied by heat and mass transfer towards an exponentially stretching sheet in the presence of chemical reaction and thermal radiation. Casson model is used to characterize non-Newtonian fluid behavior. Using the similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into self-similar ordinary differential equations is solved by using Matlab bvp4c package. The effects of pertinent parameters are presented in both graphical and tabular form.
Heat and Mass Transfer Hydromagnetic Radiative Casson Fluid Flow over an Expo...inventionjournals
The present paper examines the hydromagnetic two-dimensional boundary layer flow of a nonNewtonian fluid accompanied by heat and mass transfer towards an exponentially stretching sheet in the presence of chemical reaction and thermal radiation. Casson model is used to characterize non-Newtonian fluid behavior. Using the similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into self-similar ordinary differential equations is solved by using Matlab bvp4c package. The effects of pertinent parameters are presented in both graphical and tabular form.
Analysis of mhd non darcian boundary layer flow and heat transfer over an exp...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete for pavementseSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of addition of mono fibers and hybrid fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete mixture is studied in the present
investigation. Steel fibers of 1% and polypropylene fibers 0.036% were added individually to the concrete mixture as mono fibers and
then they were added together to form a hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Mechanical properties such as compressive, split tensile and
flexural strength were determined. The results show that hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength marginally as compared to
mono fibers. Whereas, hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength noticeably.
Keywords:-Hybridization, mono fibers, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, Improvement in mechanical properties.
Material management in construction – a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to understand about all the problems occurring in the company because of improper application
of material management. In construction project operation, often there is a project cost variance in terms of the material, equipments,
manpower, subcontractor, overhead cost, and general condition. Material is the main component in construction projects. Therefore,
if the material management is not properly managed it will create a project cost variance. Project cost can be controlled by taking
corrective actions towards the cost variance. Therefore a methodology is used to diagnose and evaluate the procurement process
involved in material management and launch a continuous improvement was developed and applied. A thorough study was carried
out along with study of cases, surveys and interviews to professionals involved in this area. As a result, a methodology for diagnosis
and improvement was proposed and tested in selected projects. The results obtained show that the main problem of procurement is
related to schedule delays and lack of specified quality for the project. To prevent this situation it is often necessary to dedicate
important resources like money, personnel, time, etc. To monitor and control the process. A great potential for improvement was
detected if state of the art technologies such as, electronic mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), and analysis were applied to the
procurement process. These helped to eliminate the root causes for many types of problems that were detected.
Managing drought short term strategies in semi arid regions a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
Drought management needs multidisciplinary action. Interdisciplinary efforts among the experts in various fields of the droughts
prone areas are helpful to achieve tangible and permanent solution for this recurring problem. The Gulbarga district having the total
area around 16, 240 sq.km, and accounts 8.45 per cent of the Karnataka state area. The district has been situated with latitude 17º 19'
60" North and longitude of 76 º 49' 60" east. The district is situated entirely on the Deccan plateau positioned at a height of 300 to
750 m above MSL. Sub-tropical, semi-arid type is one among the drought prone districts of Karnataka State. The drought
management is very important for a district like Gulbarga. In this paper various short term strategies are discussed to mitigate the
drought condition in the district.
Keywords: Drought, South-West monsoon, Semi-Arid, Rainfall, Strategies etc.
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
Laboratory studies of dense bituminous mixes ii with reclaimed asphalt materialseSAT Journals
Abstract
The issue of growing demand on our nation’s roadways over that past couple of decades, decreasing budgetary funds, and the need to
provide a safe, efficient, and cost effective roadway system has led to a dramatic increase in the need to rehabilitate our existing
pavements and the issue of building sustainable road infrastructure in India. With these emergency of the mentioned needs and this
are today’s burning issue and has become the purpose of the study.
In the present study, the samples of existing bituminous layer materials were collected from NH-48(Devahalli to Hassan) site.The
mixtures were designed by Marshall Method as per Asphalt institute (MS-II) at 20% and 30% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP).
RAP material was blended with virgin aggregate such that all specimens tested for the, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II (DBM-II)
gradation as per Ministry of Roads, Transport, and Highways (MoRT&H) and cost analysis were carried out to know the economics.
Laboratory results and analysis showed the use of recycled materials showed significant variability in Marshall Stability, and the
variability increased with the increase in RAP content. The saving can be realized from utilization of recycled materials as per the
methodology, the reduction in the total cost is 19%, 30%, comparing with the virgin mixes.
Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Marshall Stability, MS-II, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Soil stabilization has proven to be one of the oldest techniques to improve the soil properties. Literature review conducted revealed
that uses of natural inorganic stabilizers are found to be one of the best options for soil stabilization. In this regard an attempt has
been made to evaluate the influence of RBI-81 stabilizer on properties of black cotton soil through laboratory investigations. Black
cotton soil with varying percentages of RBI-81 viz., 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 percent were studied for moisture density relationships
and strength behaviour of soils. Also the effect of curing period was evaluated as literature review clearly emphasized the strength
gain of soils stabilized with RBI-81 over a period of time. The results obtained shows that the unconfined compressive strength of
specimens treated with RBI-81 increased approximately by 250% for a curing period of 28 days as compared to virgin soil. Further
the CBR value improved approximately by 400%. The studies indicated an increasing trend for soil strength behaviour with
increasing percentage of RBI-81 suggesting its potential applications in soil stabilization.
Influence of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block masonry p...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Reinforced masonry was developed to exploit the strength potential of masonry and to solve its lack of tensile strength. Experimental
and analytical studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block
masonry prisms under compression and to predict ultimate failure compressive strength. In the numerical program, three dimensional
non-linear finite elements (FE) model based on the micro-modeling approach is developed for both unreinforced and reinforced
masonry prisms using ANSYS (14.5). The proposed FE model uses multi-linear stress-strain relationships to model the non-linear
behavior of hollow concrete block, mortar, and grout. Willam-Warnke’s five parameter failure theory has been adopted to model the
failure of masonry materials. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results indicates that the FE models can successfully
capture the highly nonlinear behavior of the physical specimens and accurately predict their strength and failure mechanisms.
Keywords: Structural masonry, Hollow concrete block prism, grout, Compression failure, Finite element method,
Numerical modeling.
Influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with chemical stabilizereSAT Journals
Abstract
Increase in traffic along with heavier magnitude of wheel loads cause rapid deterioration in pavements. There is a need to improve
density, strength of soil subgrade and other pavement layers. In this study an attempt is made to improve the properties of locally
available loamy soil using twin approaches viz., i) increasing the compaction of soil and ii) treating the soil with chemical stabilizer.
Laboratory studies are carried out on both untreated and treated soil samples compacted by different compaction efforts. Studies
show that increase in compaction effort results in increase in density of soil. However in soil treated with chemical stabilizer, rate of
increase in density is not significant. The soil treated with chemical stabilizer exhibits improvement in both strength and performance
properties.
Keywords: compaction, density, subgradestabilization, resilient modulus
Geographical information system (gis) for water resources managementeSAT Journals
Abstract
Water resources projects are inherited with overlapping and at times conflicting objectives. These projects are often of varied sizes
ranging from major projects with command areas of millions of hectares to very small projects implemented at the local level. Thus,
in all these projects there is seldom proper coordination which is essential for ensuring collective sustainability.
Integrated watershed development and management is the accepted answer but in turn requires a comprehensive framework that can
enable planning process involving all the stakeholders at different levels and scales is compulsory. Such a unified hydrological
framework is essential to evaluate the cause and effect of all the proposed actions within the drainage basins.
The present paper describes a hydrological framework developed in the form of a Hydrologic Information System (HIS) which is
intended to meet the specific information needs of the various line departments of a typical State connected with water related aspects.
The HIS consist of a hydrologic information database coupled with tools for collating primary and secondary data and tools for
analyzing and visualizing the data and information. The HIS also incorporates hydrological model base for indirect assessment of
various entities of water balance in space and time. The framework would be maintained and updated to reflect fully the most
accurate ground truth data and the infrastructure requirements for planning and management.
Keywords: Hydrological Information System (HIS); WebGIS; Data Model; Web Mapping Services
Forest type mapping of bidar forest division, karnataka using geoinformatics ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The study demonstrate the potentiality of satellite remote sensing technique for the generation of baseline information on forest types
including tree plantation details in Bidar forest division, Karnataka covering an area of 5814.60Sq.Kms. The Total Area of Bidar
forest division is 5814Sq.Kms analysis of the satellite data in the study area reveals that about 84% of the total area is Covered by
crop land, 1.778% of the area is covered by dry deciduous forest, 1.38 % of mixed plantation, which is very threatening to the
environmental stability of the forest, future plantation site has been mapped. With the use of latest Geo-informatics technology proper
and exact condition of the trees can be observed and necessary precautions can be taken for future plantation works in an appropriate
manner
Keywords:-RS, GIS, GPS, Forest Type, Tree Plantation
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
To study effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete on the compressive strength and also the
cost comparison with the normal concrete. The test variables were molarities of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 8M,14M and 16M, ratio of
NaOH to sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5, alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio 0.35 and 0.40 and replacement of water in
Na2SiO3 solution by 10%, 20% and 30% were used in the present study. The test results indicated that the highest compressive
strength 54 MPa was observed for 16M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 2.5 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35. Lowest
compressive strength of 27 MPa was observed for 8M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of
0.40. Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35, water replacement of 10% and 30% for 8 and 16 molarity of NaOH and has resulted in
compressive strength of 36 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. Superplasticiser dosage of 2 % by weight of fly ash has given higher
strength in all cases.
Keywords: compressive strength, alkaline liquid, fly ash
Experimental investigation on circular hollow steel columns in filled with li...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Composite Circular hollow Steel tubes with and without GFRP infill for three different grades of Light weight concrete are tested for
ultimate load capacity and axial shortening , under Cyclic loading. Steel tubes are compared for different lengths, cross sections and
thickness. Specimens were tested separately after adopting Taguchi’s L9 (Latin Squares) Orthogonal array in order to save the initial
experimental cost on number of specimens and experimental duration. Analysis was carried out using ANN (Artificial Neural
Network) technique with the assistance of Mini Tab- a statistical soft tool. Comparison for predicted, experimental & ANN output is
obtained from linear regression plots. From this research study, it can be concluded that *Cross sectional area of steel tube has most
significant effect on ultimate load carrying capacity, *as length of steel tube increased- load carrying capacity decreased & *ANN
modeling predicted acceptable results. Thus ANN tool can be utilized for predicting ultimate load carrying capacity for composite
columns.
Keywords: Light weight concrete, GFRP, Artificial Neural Network, Linear Regression, Back propagation, orthogonal
Array, Latin Squares
Experimental behavior of circular hsscfrc filled steel tubular columns under ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper presents an outlook on experimental behavior and a comparison with predicted formula on the behaviour of circular
concentrically loaded self-consolidating fibre reinforced concrete filled steel tube columns (HSSCFRC). Forty-five specimens were
tested. The main parameters varied in the tests are: (1) percentage of fiber (2) tube diameter or width to wall thickness ratio (D/t
from 15 to 25) (3) L/d ratio from 2.97 to 7.04 the results from these predictions were compared with the experimental data. The
experimental results) were also validated in this study.
Keywords: Self-compacting concrete; Concrete-filled steel tube; axial load behavior; Ultimate capacity.
Evaluation of punching shear in flat slabseSAT Journals
Abstract
Flat-slab construction has been widely used in construction today because of many advantages that it offers. The basic philosophy in
the design of flat slab is to consider only gravity forces; this method ignores the effect of punching shear due to unbalanced moments
at the slab column junction which is critical. An attempt has been made to generate generalized design sheets which accounts both
punching shear due to gravity loads and unbalanced moments for cases (a) interior column; (b) edge column (bending perpendicular
to shorter edge); (c) edge column (bending parallel to shorter edge); (d) corner column. These design sheets are prepared as per
codal provisions of IS 456-2000. These design sheets will be helpful in calculating the shear reinforcement to be provided at the
critical section which is ignored in many design offices. Apart from its usefulness in evaluating punching shear and the necessary
shear reinforcement, the design sheets developed will enable the designer to fix the depth of flat slab during the initial phase of the
design.
Keywords: Flat slabs, punching shear, unbalanced moment.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
Evaluation of operational efficiency of urban road network using travel time ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Efficiency of the road network system is analyzed by travel time reliability measures. The study overlooks on an important measure of
travel time reliability and prioritizing Tiruchirappalli road network. Traffic volume and travel time were collected using license plate
matching method. Travel time measures were estimated from average travel time and 95th travel time. Effect of non-motorized vehicle
on efficiency of road system was evaluated. Relation between buffer time index and traffic volume was created. Travel time model has
been developed and travel time measure was validated. Then service quality of road sections in network were graded based on
travel time reliability measures.
Keywords: Buffer Time Index (BTI); Average Travel Time (ATT); Travel Time Reliability (TTR); Buffer Time (BT).
Estimation of surface runoff in nallur amanikere watershed using scs cn methodeSAT Journals
Abstract
The development of watershed aims at productive utilization of all the available natural resources in the entire area extending from
ridge line to stream outlet. The per capita availability of land for cultivation has been decreasing over the years. Therefore, water and
the related land resources must be developed, utilized and managed in an integrated and comprehensive manner. Remote sensing and
GIS techniques are being increasingly used for planning, management and development of natural resources. The study area, Nallur
Amanikere watershed geographically lies between 110 38’ and 110 52’ N latitude and 760 30’ and 760 50’ E longitude with an area of
415.68 Sq. km. The thematic layers such as land use/land cover and soil maps were derived from remotely sensed data and overlayed
through ArcGIS software to assign the curve number on polygon wise. The daily rainfall data of six rain gauge stations in and around
the watershed (2001-2011) was used to estimate the daily runoff from the watershed using Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number
(SCS-CN) method. The runoff estimated from the SCS-CN model was then used to know the variation of runoff potential with different
land use/land cover and with different soil conditions.
Keywords: Watershed, Nallur watershed, Surface runoff, Rainfall-Runoff, SCS-CN, Remote Sensing, GIS.
Estimation of morphometric parameters and runoff using rs & gis techniqueseSAT Journals
Abstract
Land and water are the two vital natural resources, the optimal management of these resources with minimum adverse environmental
impact are essential not only for sustainable development but also for human survival. Satellite remote sensing with geographic
information system has a pragmatic approach to map and generate spatial input layers of predicting response behavior and yield of
watershed. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to understand the hydrological process of the catchment at the
watershed level by drawing the inferences from moprhometric analysis and runoff. The study area chosen for the present study is
Yagachi catchment situated in Chickamaglur and Hassan district lies geographically at a longitude 75⁰52’08.77”E and
13⁰10’50.77”N latitude. It covers an area of 559.493 Sq.km. Morphometric analysis is carried out to estimate morphometric
parameters at Micro-watershed to understand the hydrological response of the catchment at the Micro-watershed level. Daily runoff
is estimated using USDA SCS curve number model for a period of 10 years from 2001 to 2010. The rainfall runoff relationship of the
study shows there is a positive correlation.
Keywords: morphometric analysis, runoff, remote sensing and GIS, SCS - method
-
Effect of variation of plastic hinge length on the results of non linear anal...eSAT Journals
Abstract The nonlinear Static procedure also well known as pushover analysis is method where in monotonically increasing loads are applied to the structure till the structure is unable to resist any further load. It is a popular tool for seismic performance evaluation of existing and new structures. In literature lot of research has been carried out on conventional pushover analysis and after knowing deficiency efforts have been made to improve it. But actual test results to verify the analytically obtained pushover results are rarely available. It has been found that some amount of variation is always expected to exist in seismic demand prediction of pushover analysis. Initial study is carried out by considering user defined hinge properties and default hinge length. Attempt is being made to assess the variation of pushover analysis results by considering user defined hinge properties and various hinge length formulations available in literature and results compared with experimentally obtained results based on test carried out on a G+2 storied RCC framed structure. For the present study two geometric models viz bare frame and rigid frame model is considered and it is found that the results of pushover analysis are very sensitive to geometric model and hinge length adopted. Keywords: Pushover analysis, Base shear, Displacement, hinge length, moment curvature analysis
Effect of use of recycled materials on indirect tensile strength of asphalt c...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Depletion of natural resources and aggregate quarries for the road construction is a serious problem to procure materials. Hence
recycling or reuse of material is beneficial. On emphasizing development in sustainable construction in the present era, recycling of
asphalt pavements is one of the effective and proven rehabilitation processes. For the laboratory investigations reclaimed asphalt
pavement (RAP) from NH-4 and crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB-55) was used. Foundry waste was used as a replacement to
conventional filler. Laboratory tests were conducted on asphalt concrete mixes with 30, 40, 50, and 60 percent replacement with RAP.
These test results were compared with conventional mixes and asphalt concrete mixes with complete binder extracted RAP
aggregates. Mix design was carried out by Marshall Method. The Marshall Tests indicated highest stability values for asphalt
concrete (AC) mixes with 60% RAP. The optimum binder content (OBC) decreased with increased in RAP in AC mixes. The Indirect
Tensile Strength (ITS) for AC mixes with RAP also was found to be higher when compared to conventional AC mixes at 300C.
Keywords: Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Foundry waste, Recycling, Marshall Stability, Indirect tensile strength.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdf
B spline collocation solution for an equation arising in instability phenomenon
1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 15
B-SPLINE COLLOCATION SOLUTION FOR AN EQUATION ARISING
IN INSTABILITY PHENOMENON
H. V. Chapani1
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, Govt. College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Silvassa, Dadra and
Nagar Haveli, India
Abstract
In the present paper numerical discusses a theoretical model for instability phenomenon in double phase flow through
homogeneous porous medium. Relation between relative permeability and saturation has been considered based on earlier
experiment. A governing nonlinear partial differential equation is solved by collocation method with cubic B-splines. To obtain
the scheme of the equation the nonlinear term is approximated by Taylor series which leads to tridiagonal system and has been
solved by well-known Thomas Algorithm. The Numerical solution is obtained by using MATLAB coding.
Keywords: Darcy’s law, Taylor series, Saturation, Cubic B-splines
--------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
1. INTRODUCTION
In oil recovery technology it is common practice to inject
water into the oil field at certain spots in an attempt to drive
oil to other spots for pumping [1]. When fluid is displaced
by a lesser viscous fluid in porous media due to the
injection, instead of regular displacement of whole front,
protuberance takes place and shoot the medium at relatively
high speed. This phenomenon is called fingering or
instability.
Many researchers discussed this phenomenon
analytically/numerically with different point of view. Verma
[2] examined fingering behavior by statistical viewpoints in
immiscible displacement through heterogeneous porous
media with assumption of constant mean pressure of
injected fluid and native fluid. He obtained the analytical
solution of the problem by analytical method. Scheidegger
[3] neglected the size and shape of individual fingers and
considered only the average cross sectional area of fingers
occupied in porous media. Scheidegger and Johnson [4]
analyzed the growth of instabilities in homogeneous porous
media without capillary pressure. Some of the researchers
analyzed the phenomenon with numerical method. Recently
Pradhan et. all [5] discussed the numerical solution of the
phenomenon by Finite Element Technique. Borana et. all [6]
obtained the numerical solution of the instability
phenomenon using Crank-Nicolson Finite Difference
Method. They considered the linear relationship between
relative permeability of the injecting fluid and saturation of
injecting fluid.
In the present paper problem of fingering in homogeneous
porous medium with capillary pressure from the statistical
view point has been discussed. Homogeneous porous matrix
has been considered for analysis of the problem and
assumed that the Darcy-like formulation is sufficient for the
flow equations. Specific relation between relative
permeability and phase saturation have been considered
from the experiment based analysis. The mathematical
formulation of the problem yields a non-linear second order
time dependent partial differential equation which has been
solved by applying B-spline finite element method with
specific initial and boundary conditions. The graphical
representation of the solution is given as graph of saturation
of injected fluid verses time and saturation of injected fluid
verses distance.
2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Consider a uniform injection of less viscous fluid into a
more viscous fluid in a saturated homogeneous porous
medium with length L. Here injected fluid shoots the native
fluid and protuberances takes place, this develops fingers at
the initial boundary x = 0 (x is measured in the displacement
direction). Further, at the initial boundary, it is assumed that
the complete saturation exist. The problem is to determine
the equation of saturation describing the instability
phenomenon which is shown in Fig.-1.
Fig.-1: Instability Phenomenon
3. MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION OF THE
PROBLEM
By Darcy’s law the velocity of injected fluid iv and native
fluid nv can be expressed as [7]
i i
i
i
k p
v k
x
, (1)
2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 16
n n
n
n
k p
v k
x
, (2)
where k is the permeability of porous medium, ik and nk
are relative permeabilities of injected fluid and native fluid
ip and np are pressures, i and n are constant kinematic
viscosities of native fluid and injected fluid respectively.
Equations of conservation of mass for two immiscible fluids
are given by
0i iS v
t x
, (3)
0n nS v
t x
, (4)
where is the porosity of the medium and iS , nS are
saturation of injected and native fluid respectively.
By definition of phase saturation, the sum of saturations is
equal to 1. i.e.
1i nS S . (5)
Consider the following experiment based relations [8] for
relative permeability
a
i ik S , (6a)
1
bb
n n ik S S , (6b)
where 1 , 3a b .
Capillary pressure cp is defined as the difference between
pressures np and ip of two immiscible fluids, i.e.
c n ip p p . (7)
Hence, capillary pressure gradient relates the pressure
gradient of np and ip .
c n ip p p
x x x
. (8)
Substituting the value of ip
x
from equation (8) into the
equation (1), we get
i n c
i
i
k p p
v k
x x
. (9)
Mehta [9] suggested the following linear relationship
between capillary pressure and displacing fluid.
c ip S (10a)
where is proportionality constant.
If the flow takes place in x direction only, capillary pressure
gradient may be written as
c ip S
x x
(10b)
Using equation (9) and (2) in equations (3) and (4)
respectively, we obtain
0i i n c
i
S k p p
k
t x x x
(11)
0n n n
n
S k p
k
t x x
(12)
Combining equation (11) and (12) and using equation (5),
we have
0i n n i c
i n i
k k p k p
k k k
x x x
(13)
Integrating equation (13) with respect to x gives
i n n i c
i n i
k k p k p
k k k K
x x
, (14)
where K is a constant of integration.
i.e.
1 1
c
n
i n i n i
i i n i n
p
p K x
x k k k
k
k k
(15)
Hence equation (11) takes the form
0
1 1
n c
i n
n i n i
i n i n
k p
k
S x K
k kt x
k k
. (16)
We can write the pressure of native fluid np as
2 2
i n i n
n
p p p p
p
. (17)
3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 17
Thus using mean pressure
2
i np p
P
and equation (7) in
equation (17), pressure of native fluid can be expressed as
2
c
n
p
p P (18)
Here we note that the mean pressure is constant [2] and so
hence
1
2
n cp p
x x
(19)
Substituting the value of np
x
from the equation (19) into
the equation (14) gives value of integration constant K as
1
2
i n c
i n
k k p
K k k
x
(20)
Substituting the value of K from the equation (20) into the
equation (16) gives
1
0
2
i i c
i
S k p
k
t x x
(21)
Using the linear relation between capillary pressure and
saturation of injected fluid, equation (21) may be written as
1
0
2
i i c i
i i
S k p S
k
t x S x
(22)
From equation (6a) and (10b), equation (22) takes the form
2
ai i
i
i
S Sk
S
t x x
(23)
Suitable boundary and initial conditions are taken as
00, 0 0i iS t S at x and t (24a)
, 0i
iL
S
L t S at x L and t
x
(24b)
0,0 0 0iS x S at t and x (25)
Equation (23) the governing equation describing instability
phenomenon in double phase flow through porous media
together with boundary and initial condition in equation
(24a), (24b) and (25) respectively.
Introduce the following dimensionless variables
2
,
2 i
x kt
X T
L L
(26)
where 0 1X .
Then the dimensionless form of the equation (23) is given
by
ai i
i
S S
S
T X X
(27)
The boundary and initial conditions in the form of
dimensionless variables are as under:
00, 0i iS T S T (28a)
1, 0i
iL
S
T S T
X
(28b)
0,0 0 1iS X S X (29)
The condition (28a) and (28b) represents saturation of
injected fluid at 0X and at x L , condition (29)
represents initial saturation of injected fluid. For simplicity
we replace iS by S.
4. METHOD OF NUMERICAL SOLUTION
The interval [0,1] is divided into N elements with equal
length X h by the knots iX such that
0 1 20 ...... 1.NX X X X Cubic B-Splines [10]
are defined by
3
2 2 1
3 3
2 1 1
3 3
2 1 13
3
2 1 2
, [X ,X ],
4 , [X ,X ],
1
4 , [X ,X ],
, [X ,X ],
0, ,
m m m
m m m m
m m m m m
m m m
X X
X X X X
X X X X X
h
X X
otherwise
where m = -1, 0, 1….,N
Then the set of cubic B-splines
1
1
N
m m
constitutes a basis
for the functions defined on [0, 1] and the approximate
solution S(X, T) on [0, 1] to the exact solution of the
problem is written as
1
1
,
N
m m
m
S X T T X
(30)
4. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 18
where m T are time dependent unknowns parameters
which are to be determined at each time level.
By definition of cubic B-splines it is evident that each spline
covers four consecutive subintervals so that each subinterval
covered by four consecutive cubic B-splines. Therefore, at
the node mX , the value of unknown variable mS and its first
and second order derivatives with respect to the space
variable can be related by 1m , ,m 1m .
1 1
'
1 1
2 ''
1 1
4 ,
3 ,
6 2 ,
m m m m
m m m
m m m m
S
hS
h S
(31)
Rewriting equation (27) into the simple form
21a a
T XX XS S S aS S
(32)
To solve the equation (32), discretizing the time derivative
using forward difference formula and applying -weighted
0 1 scheme to the space derivative the equation
1
1
11 2 1 2
1 0,
n n
n na a
XX XX
n na a
X X
S S
S S S S
T
a S S S S
(33)
where T is time step and n and n + 1 denote the
successive time levels, is obtained.
Letting = ½, equation (33) may be written as
1
1
11 2 1 2
2
0
2
n na an n
XX XX
n na a
X X
S S S SS S
T
S S S S
a
(34)
Using Taylor series the nonlinear terms in equation (34) are
linearized by
1 1 1 1
2 2 1
11 2
1 1 21
1
2
n a aa n n n n n
XX XX XX
an n
XX
an n n
n Xa
X a an n n n n
X X X
S S a S S S S S
a S S
a S S S
S S a
S S S a S S
(35)
For the sake of simplicity we use the notations 1T , 2T , 3T for
' ''
, ,m m mS S S , respectively, at nth time step.
1 1 1
2 1 1
3 1 12
4 ,
3
,
6
2 ,
m m m
m m
m m m
T
T
h
T
h
(36)
Using equations (35) and (36) in equation (34) and
simplifying, we get
1 1 1
1 1
n n n
m m mP Q R S
(37)
where
2
1 2 3
2
1 3
2
1 2 3
( 1) 2 2
1 1 1 3 2
(3/ ) (6 / ) ;
4 (12 / ) ;
(3/ ) (6 / ) ;
2 ( 1) ( );a
P V h V h V
Q V h V
R V h V h V
S T T a T TT a T
with
( 2) 2
1 1 1 3 2
2 ( 1)
2 1 2
3 1
2 ( ( 1) );
2 ;
;
a
a
a
V TaT TT a a T
V Ta T T
V TT
Equation (37) represents the recurrence relation at mX ,
where '
mX s are collocation points with m = 0, 1, 2,…., N.
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSIONS
The Equation (37) gives the linear system of N + 1
equations in N + 3 unknowns. After applying two boundary
conditions given in equations (27a) and (27b) two unknowns
are eliminated and hence the system reduced to N + 1
equations in N + 1 unknowns. Also due to the cubic spline
functions system (37) is tridiagonal and it can be easily
solved by a well-known Thomas Algorithm. To compute
numerical results h = 0.001 and 0.01T are taken and
suitable boundary conditions 0 1iS , 0iLS and initial
condition 0
X
S e
are considered. Equation (27) together
with boundary conditions (28a), (28b) and initial condition
(29) is recursively solved for fixed value of a. Numerical
values of saturation of injecting fluid are presented in Table
1- 3 for a = 1 - 3 respectively. Fig. 2 - 4 show the graphical
representation of the saturation for various dimensionless
time and Fig. 5 – 7 represent the saturation for
dimensionless distance. From Fig. 2 - 4 saturation of
injected fluid decreases with distance and from Fig. 5 - 7
saturation of injected fluid increases with time.
Table- 1: Saturation of injected fluid when a = 1
X / T 0.2000 0.4000 0.6000 0.8000 1.0000
0.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
0.1000 0.9496 0.9646 0.9763 0.9847 0.9903
0.2000 0.8973 0.9286 0.9525 0.9694 0.9807
0.3000 0.8440 0.8927 0.9292 0.9547 0.9715
0.4000 0.7906 0.8577 0.9070 0.9408 0.9630
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Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 19
0.5000 0.7387 0.8248 0.8865 0.9282 0.9552
0.6000 0.6902 0.7951 0.8685 0.9173 0.9485
0.7000 0.6476 0.7700 0.8536 0.9083 0.9431
0.8000 0.6138 0.7509 0.8425 0.9017 0.9391
0.9000 0.5920 0.7388 0.8356 0.8976 0.9367
1.0000 0.5844 0.7347 0.8333 0.8962 0.9358
Table- 2: Saturation of injected fluid when a = 2
X T 0.2000 0.4000 0.6000 0.8000 1.0000
0.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
0.1000 0.9702 0.9786 0.9852 0.9902 0.9938
0.2000 0.9369 0.9556 0.9697 0.9803 0.9875
0.3000 0.8998 0.9310 0.9539 0.9704 0.9814
0.4000 0.8586 0.9053 0.9381 0.9609 0.9757
0.5000 0.8131 0.8788 0.9228 0.9520 0.9704
0.6000 0.7634 0.8526 0.9088 0.9440 0.9657
0.7000 0.7102 0.8281 0.8966 0.9374 0.9619
0.8000 0.6567 0.8076 0.8872 0.9324 0.9591
0.9000 0.6119 0.7936 0.8812 0.9292 0.9573
1.0000 0.5931 0.7887 0.8791 0.9282 0.9567
Table- 3: Saturation of injected fluid when a = 3
X T 0.2000 0.4000 0.6000 0.8000 1.0000
0.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
0.1000 0.9839 0.9890 0.9926 0.9952 0.9970
0.2000 0.9654 0.9770 0.9848 0.9904 0.9940
0.3000 0.9443 0.9640 0.9769 0.9856 0.9911
0.4000 0.9201 0.9502 0.9689 0.9809 0.9883
0.5000 0.8923 0.9359 0.9612 0.9765 0.9858
0.6000 0.8603 0.9215 0.9540 0.9726 0.9835
0.7000 0.8236 0.9080 0.9478 0.9693 0.9817
0.8000 0.7821 0.8965 0.9430 0.9669 0.9803
0.9000 0.7409 0.8886 0.9399 0.9653 0.9795
1.0000 0.7203 0.8858 0.9389 0.9648 0.9792
Fig- 2: Saturation of injected fluid for various dimensionless
times when a = 1
Fig- 3: Saturation of injected fluid for various dimensionless
times when a = 2
Fig- 4: Saturation of injected fluid for various dimensionless
times when a = 3
Fig- 5: Saturation of injected fluid for various dimensionless
distances when a = 1
6. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 20
Fig- 6: Saturation of injected fluid for various dimensionless
distances when a = 2
Fig- 7: Saturation of injected fluid for various dimensionless
distances when a = 3
6. CONCLUSION
In the present paper one dimensional second order time
dependent partial differential equation arising in instability
phenomenon has been solved by Cubic B-spline Collocation
method. This method can equally apply for solving higher
order partial differential equations. Cubic Splines provides
second order smooth solution. Saturation of injected fluid
decreases with distance and increases with time. Further, it
can be concluded that for any fixed distance and fixed time,
the saturation of injected fluid increases by increasing value
of a. This fact is consistent and hence the numerical results
resemble the physical phenomenon of the problem.
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BIOGRAPHY
Himanshu V. Chapani received the B.Sc.
degree in Mathematics with Gold medal
in 2006 and M.Sc. in 2008 from Veer
Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat.
He also qualified NET with JRF and
received Ph.D. Degree from S. V.
National institute of Technology, Surat in
2014 under the guidance of Dr. V. H. Pradhan and Prof. M.
N. Mehta and has 5 years of teaching experience. His
research interests include fluid flow through porous media
and finite element methods with B-splines. He is currently
working as an Assistant Professor at Govt. College of Arts,
Commerce and Science, Silvassa.