AVN OF HIP JOINT
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This document discusses avascular necrosis of the hip joint, also called osteonecrosis. It defines osteonecrosis as the ischemic death of bone components due to impaired blood flow. Symptoms include dull, progressive pain that worsens at night and with walking, as well as limited hip motion. Diagnosis involves imaging like X-rays, CT scans, and MRI. Imaging findings reflect the stage of the condition according to classifications by Ficat and Arlet and Steinberg, ranging from bone changes to joint space narrowing and collapse. MRI specifically reveals bone marrow edema, a double line sign, collapse of the femoral head, joint effusion, and involvement of the acetabulum.
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Avn of femoral head
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head, also known as osteonecrosis, results from interrupted blood supply to the bone and leads to bone cell death. It has traumatic causes like hip fractures or dislocations and non-traumatic causes like corticosteroid use, alcoholism, or blood disorders. MRI is the most accurate imaging test and stages the disease from pre-collapse to complete joint destruction. Early stages are treated with non-surgical options like protected weight bearing or core decompression surgery, while later stages may require joint replacement. The goal of treatment is to delay or prevent femoral head collapse through reducing pressure and promoting revascularization.
Avascular necrosis Radiology
Avascular necrosis is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. It most commonly affects the femoral head. Early symptoms include dull, progressive pain in the hip or thigh that worsens with activity or at night. Imaging plays an important role in diagnosis, with plain X-rays initially appearing normal but later showing signs of bone collapse like the crescent sign. MRI is the most sensitive technique and can detect avascular necrosis as early as 48 hours. Staging systems evaluate the extent of bone involvement and deterioration of the joint space to classify the severity of avascular necrosis. Treatment options depend on the stage of the disease.
Avascular necrosis of Hip Xray
1. Radiography is the first step in diagnosing avascular necrosis, though it has limitations in detecting early stages. Changes seen on radiography include osteoporosis, sclerosis, fractures, and joint space narrowing.
2. MRI is the most sensitive imaging modality and allows for accurate staging. Changes seen include band forms and double line signs.
3. Different imaging modalities show characteristics of avascular necrosis at various stages. SPECT may show cold spots while radiography shows fractures and joint damage at later stages. Proper staging guides treatment selection and monitoring of progression.
Avascular Necrosis
A 41-year-old male presented with right hip, knee, and groin pain that began six months ago after a fall. He was previously treated with high-dose corticosteroids for skin lesions, which likely caused his current avascular necrosis (bone cell death due to interrupted blood flow). Imaging showed abnormalities in his right femoral head consistent with avascular necrosis. He was diagnosed with avascular necrosis likely caused by his past prolonged corticosteroid use.
Avascular necrosis
Avascular necrosis, also known as osteonecrosis or bone infarction, is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. It most commonly affects the femoral head. There are many potential causes including trauma, alcohol use, steroid use, and idiopathic cases. Diagnosis is made through imaging like x-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and bone scans. Treatment depends on the stage of necrosis and other factors, and may include observation, core decompression, vascularized bone grafts, partial or total hip replacement, or hip resurfacing. Staging is important for determining treatment and can range from pre-symptomatic changes visible only on MRI to complete femoral head destruction indistinguishable from osteo
AVASCULAR NECROSIS : CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Avascular necrosis is a condition which appears when there is a loss of blood supply to the bone, resulting in bone death. Avascular necrosis is also known as aseptic necrosis, ischemic bone necrosis, or osteonecrosis
Avascular necrosis and Osteochondritis
Avascular necrosis and osteochondritis explained with radiological features in easy language and lots and lots of images.
Avascular necrosis
This document provides an overview of avascular necrosis (AVN), including:
- AVN is cell death of bone tissue due to interrupted blood supply, causing pain and joint damage. It most commonly affects the hip.
- Risk factors include corticosteroid use, trauma, alcohol abuse, and blood disorders. The condition leads to bone collapse and is diagnosed through imaging like MRI.
- Treatment depends on severity but may include medications, physical therapy, surgery, and in severe cases, joint replacement. Left untreated, it can cause long-term disability.
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Avn of femoral head
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head, also known as osteonecrosis, results from interrupted blood supply to the bone and leads to bone cell death. It has traumatic causes like hip fractures or dislocations and non-traumatic causes like corticosteroid use, alcoholism, or blood disorders. MRI is the most accurate imaging test and stages the disease from pre-collapse to complete joint destruction. Early stages are treated with non-surgical options like protected weight bearing or core decompression surgery, while later stages may require joint replacement. The goal of treatment is to delay or prevent femoral head collapse through reducing pressure and promoting revascularization.
Avascular necrosis Radiology
Avascular necrosis is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. It most commonly affects the femoral head. Early symptoms include dull, progressive pain in the hip or thigh that worsens with activity or at night. Imaging plays an important role in diagnosis, with plain X-rays initially appearing normal but later showing signs of bone collapse like the crescent sign. MRI is the most sensitive technique and can detect avascular necrosis as early as 48 hours. Staging systems evaluate the extent of bone involvement and deterioration of the joint space to classify the severity of avascular necrosis. Treatment options depend on the stage of the disease.
Avascular necrosis of Hip Xray
1. Radiography is the first step in diagnosing avascular necrosis, though it has limitations in detecting early stages. Changes seen on radiography include osteoporosis, sclerosis, fractures, and joint space narrowing.
2. MRI is the most sensitive imaging modality and allows for accurate staging. Changes seen include band forms and double line signs.
3. Different imaging modalities show characteristics of avascular necrosis at various stages. SPECT may show cold spots while radiography shows fractures and joint damage at later stages. Proper staging guides treatment selection and monitoring of progression.
Avascular Necrosis
A 41-year-old male presented with right hip, knee, and groin pain that began six months ago after a fall. He was previously treated with high-dose corticosteroids for skin lesions, which likely caused his current avascular necrosis (bone cell death due to interrupted blood flow). Imaging showed abnormalities in his right femoral head consistent with avascular necrosis. He was diagnosed with avascular necrosis likely caused by his past prolonged corticosteroid use.
Avascular necrosis
Avascular necrosis, also known as osteonecrosis or bone infarction, is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. It most commonly affects the femoral head. There are many potential causes including trauma, alcohol use, steroid use, and idiopathic cases. Diagnosis is made through imaging like x-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and bone scans. Treatment depends on the stage of necrosis and other factors, and may include observation, core decompression, vascularized bone grafts, partial or total hip replacement, or hip resurfacing. Staging is important for determining treatment and can range from pre-symptomatic changes visible only on MRI to complete femoral head destruction indistinguishable from osteo
AVASCULAR NECROSIS : CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Avascular necrosis is a condition which appears when there is a loss of blood supply to the bone, resulting in bone death. Avascular necrosis is also known as aseptic necrosis, ischemic bone necrosis, or osteonecrosis
Avascular necrosis and Osteochondritis
Avascular necrosis and osteochondritis explained with radiological features in easy language and lots and lots of images.
Avascular necrosis
This document provides an overview of avascular necrosis (AVN), including:
- AVN is cell death of bone tissue due to interrupted blood supply, causing pain and joint damage. It most commonly affects the hip.
- Risk factors include corticosteroid use, trauma, alcohol abuse, and blood disorders. The condition leads to bone collapse and is diagnosed through imaging like MRI.
- Treatment depends on severity but may include medications, physical therapy, surgery, and in severe cases, joint replacement. Left untreated, it can cause long-term disability.
AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF HIP (AVN HIP)
This is a short presentation on avascular necrosis of femoral head. This presentation gives brief description of causes of AVN, investigations and modes of treatment options available.
AVN TREATMENT IN HYDERABAD
Core decompression for AVN
Stem cell treatment for AVN
Surgery for AVN
Avascular necrosis treatment options
Hip replacement in hyderabad
Hip specialist in hyderabad
Hip surgery in hyderabad
Total hip replacement in hyderabad
cemented hip replacement
uncemented hip replacement in hyderabad
ceramic hip replacement
delta motion hip
ceramic on ceramic hip replacement
metal on poly hip replacement
affordable hip replacement in hyderabad
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
introduction
causes
anatomy of femur
blood supply of femur
Clinical Features
Investigations
Differential Diagnosis
treatments
Surgical Treatment
Prognosis
aseptic necrosis
ischemic necrosis.
Legg-Calvé-Perthes syndrome
Causes Of Avascular Necrosis
Avascular necross
This document discusses avascular necrosis (also known as osteonecrosis), which is the death of bone tissue due to impaired blood supply. It affects over 20,000 new patients per year in the US, most commonly males ages 30-60. Risk factors include steroid use, alcoholism, blood clotting disorders, and autoimmune diseases like SLE. Symptoms may include joint pain. Diagnosis involves imaging modalities like x-ray, CT, MRI, and bone scans. Treatment aims to delay disease progression and prevent joint breakdown, and may include nonsurgical options or eventually joint replacement if collapse occurs.
Lower avn hip
This document provides an overview of avascular necrosis of the hip, including:
- Anatomy of the hip joint and its blood supply
- Causes of avascular necrosis which can be trauma-related, associated with risk factors like corticosteroid use, or idiopathic
- Progression from reduced blood flow to bone cell death and structural failure if not treated
- Diagnosis using imaging modalities like x-ray, MRI, CT and bone scans at different stages
- Surgical and non-surgical treatment options depending on the size and location of lesions, including core decompression, osteotomy, bone grafting, and hip replacement if collapse has occurred.
Osteonecrosis ug
This document discusses osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis), specifically of the hip, and Perthes' disease. It covers anatomy, causes, pathogenesis, pathology, imaging, staging, and various management approaches. For osteonecrosis of the hip, management may include core decompression, unloading osteotomy, or arthroplasty. For Perthes' disease, which causes avascular necrosis of the femoral head, treatment depends on the stage, age, and bone age of the patient and may include symptomatic treatment, abduction bracing, or operative containment such as osteotomies. The goal of treatment is to contain the femoral head within the acetabulum to allow healing.
Avascular necrosis
This document discusses avascular necrosis (AVN) of the bone, also known as osteonecrosis. It begins by explaining that AVN results from interrupted blood supply to the bone, which can lead to bone and cell death. The most common sites of AVN are the femoral head, scaphoid, and talus. Non-surgical treatments include limited weight bearing, while surgical options include core decompression, bone grafting, and osteotomies to preserve the joint. More advanced cases may require joint replacement like hip resurfacing or total hip arthroplasty. Risk factors include corticosteroid use, alcoholism, trauma, and various medical conditions.
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head
This document discusses osteonecrosis of the femoral head, including risk factors, pathogenesis theories, classifications, diagnosis, and treatment options. Key points:
- Risk factors include corticosteroid use, smoking, sickle cell anemia and others. Theories on causes include toxicity, vascular issues, but the process is likely multifactorial.
- Diagnosis involves radiographs, bone scans and MRI, which can detect early-stage disease.
- Treatment depends on disease stage and size. Options include core decompression, bone grafting, osteotomies and arthroplasty. Younger patients with smaller lesions may be candidates for bone-preserving options, while larger lesions often require joint replacement.
Avascular Necrosis (AVN)
This document discusses avascular necrosis (also known as osteonecrosis), which is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. It begins by defining the condition and listing common sites of involvement. It then covers epidemiology, causes, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, treatment options and complications. Key points include that the femoral head is the most common site, risk factors include trauma, steroid use and sickle cell disease, and treatment ranges from non-operative options like core decompression to joint replacement surgeries depending on the stage of necrosis.
Avascular necrosis ug class
This document discusses avascular necrosis (AVN), also called osteonecrosis. It defines AVN as bone death caused by sudden obstruction of blood supply to bone. Common causes include trauma, corticosteroid use, and decompression sickness. Sites often affected are the femoral head, scaphoid, and talus. The goal of treatment is to improve joint function, stop further bone damage, and preserve the bone and joint. Methods include nonsurgical options to delay progression and surgical interventions like core decompression or grafts, with joint replacement usually performed later.
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a pathologic process that results from interruption of blood supply to the bone. AVN of the hip is poorly understood, but this process is the final common pathway of traumatic or nontraumatic factors that compromise the already precarious circulation of the femoral head. Femoral head ischemia results in the death of marrow and osteocytes and usually results in the collapse of the necrotic segment
AVN
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head, also known as avascular necrosis, refers to bone cell death caused by disrupted blood flow to the femoral head. It commonly affects young adults and can lead to hip joint replacement. Early diagnosis using MRI is important. Staging systems classify the extent of involvement and structural changes, from pre-collapse changes seen on bone scan to late stage joint space narrowing. While no treatment reliably stops progression, core decompression and bone grafting may delay collapse in early stages. Once collapse occurs, osteoarthritis usually develops, necessitating joint reconstruction or replacement.
Avascular necrosis hip
This document discusses the diagnosis and management of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. It begins by describing the early diagnosis through clinical suspicion and radiological evaluation using MRI to detect changes. It then discusses staging systems and using quantification of damage to determine appropriate treatment, with the main options being head preservation procedures like core decompression or osteotomies, or head replacement through surface replacements or total hip arthroplasties. Factors like the stage of necrosis, location of lesions, age and overall health are considered for treatment planning. Case studies demonstrate outcomes of various procedures.
Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis
A review of femoral head avascular necrosis, specifically epidemiology, etiologies, diagnosis, imaging features, and treatment.
Avascular necrosis
This document discusses avascular necrosis of the femoral head. It begins by defining avascular necrosis as bone death associated with disrupted blood flow, often caused by corticosteroid use or alcoholism. It then covers the pathogenesis, classifications based on radiographic findings, diagnosis using MRI and CT scans, and various treatment approaches. For pre-collapse cases, core decompression and bone grafting are discussed. Total hip arthroplasty is the treatment for advanced collapse or cartilage damage. The document provides details on advantages and disadvantages of different surgical techniques.
Osteochondrosis
Osgood-Schlatters disease
Kohlers disease
Friebergs infarction
Vertebra plana
Scheurmanns disease
Sinding-Larsen disease
Blount's disease
Avascular necrosis of hip
This document discusses avascular necrosis (AVN), including:
- Causes of AVN such as corticosteroid use, alcohol abuse, and trauma
- Management involves early diagnosis via imaging like MRI and treatment based on staging, with options ranging from observation to core decompression and bone grafting for pre-collapse cases or osteotomy for some post-collapse cases
- Surgical techniques are described for core decompression with or without bone grafting to improve blood flow and support the femoral head, as well as various osteotomies to redistribute weight bearing for some collapsed cases
- Case studies demonstrate outcomes of these treatments in preserving femoral heads or delaying total hip replacement
Management of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis.
The document discusses management of femoral head osteonecrosis, including its causes, diagnosis, classification systems, and treatment options. MRI is highlighted as the most sensitive diagnostic tool. Conservative treatments are recommended for early stages, while hip replacement is usually needed once collapse or secondary degeneration occurs. The key is early diagnosis and treatment to preserve the hip joint.
Osteochondritis Dessicans
A 17-year-old male soccer player presented with nagging left knee pain for several months that was worse with exercise. Examination found pain and crepitus with compression of the medial femoral condyle. MRI revealed a subchondral defect in the medial femoral condyle consistent with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), a separation of cartilage and subchondral bone from the underlying bone most common in the medial femoral condyle of adolescents. Initial treatment involves immobilization but surgery may be needed if the fragment is loose or detached to prevent premature arthritis.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
This document provides an overview of rheumatoid arthritis including its definition, incidence, etiology, pathology, clinical features, investigations, differential diagnosis, and references. It describes how rheumatoid arthritis causes inflammation in the joints and surrounding tissues that can lead to deformities over time. The pathology section explains how the synovium and joints are affected, including erosion of cartilage and bone, and how this impacts movement. Common deformities that can develop in the fingers, thumb, and wrist are also outlined.
Ortho Patho Meet on Fibrous Dyspalsia by Dr. Saumya Agarwal
Ortho Patho Meet on Fibrous Dyspalsia by Dr. Saumya AgarwalCentral Institute of Orthopaedics, Safdarjang Hospital and VMMC, New Delhi
Dr. Saumya Agarwal presented on a 20-year-old male farmer with a 4-month history of right hip pain aggravated by work. Imaging showed a lytic lesion in the right femoral neck. Differential diagnoses included fibrous dysplasia and other bone cysts/tumors. Fibrous dysplasia is a benign bone disorder characterized by fibro-osseous tissue growth. It typically affects long bones in the first three decades and can be monostotic or polyostotic. Treatment involves fixation of fractures or deformity correction.Common conditions of the lumbar spine
Common conditions of the lumbar spine include:
1. Degenerative disc disease, which occurs in nearly everyone over 50 due to disc degeneration and affects the lower lumbar spine the most.
2. Disc herniations, where a tear in the disc allows the nucleus to migrate and press on nerves, commonly causing leg pain.
3. Spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the spinal canal from bone spurs or thickened ligaments that compresses nerves and causes leg symptoms improved by sitting or bending forward.
4. Spondylolisthesis, the slipping of one vertebra over another, most often affecting L4 on L5 due to degeneration.
Avascular Necrosis Of Femoral Head.pptx
This document discusses avascular necrosis of the femoral head, also known as osteonecrosis or hip osteonecrosis. It causes reduced blood flow to the femoral head due to risk factors like trauma, steroid use, sickle cell disease, and alcoholism. Patients experience hip pain that worsens with activity. Diagnosis is made through imaging like x-rays, MRI, and bone scans. Treatment depends on the stage of disease and may include core decompression, osteotomy, bone grafting, hip replacement, or fusion. Prognosis depends on the size of the necrotic area, with smaller areas having a lower risk of collapse.
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AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF HIP (AVN HIP)
This is a short presentation on avascular necrosis of femoral head. This presentation gives brief description of causes of AVN, investigations and modes of treatment options available.
AVN TREATMENT IN HYDERABAD
Core decompression for AVN
Stem cell treatment for AVN
Surgery for AVN
Avascular necrosis treatment options
Hip replacement in hyderabad
Hip specialist in hyderabad
Hip surgery in hyderabad
Total hip replacement in hyderabad
cemented hip replacement
uncemented hip replacement in hyderabad
ceramic hip replacement
delta motion hip
ceramic on ceramic hip replacement
metal on poly hip replacement
affordable hip replacement in hyderabad
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
introduction
causes
anatomy of femur
blood supply of femur
Clinical Features
Investigations
Differential Diagnosis
treatments
Surgical Treatment
Prognosis
aseptic necrosis
ischemic necrosis.
Legg-Calvé-Perthes syndrome
Causes Of Avascular Necrosis
Avascular necross
This document discusses avascular necrosis (also known as osteonecrosis), which is the death of bone tissue due to impaired blood supply. It affects over 20,000 new patients per year in the US, most commonly males ages 30-60. Risk factors include steroid use, alcoholism, blood clotting disorders, and autoimmune diseases like SLE. Symptoms may include joint pain. Diagnosis involves imaging modalities like x-ray, CT, MRI, and bone scans. Treatment aims to delay disease progression and prevent joint breakdown, and may include nonsurgical options or eventually joint replacement if collapse occurs.
Lower avn hip
This document provides an overview of avascular necrosis of the hip, including:
- Anatomy of the hip joint and its blood supply
- Causes of avascular necrosis which can be trauma-related, associated with risk factors like corticosteroid use, or idiopathic
- Progression from reduced blood flow to bone cell death and structural failure if not treated
- Diagnosis using imaging modalities like x-ray, MRI, CT and bone scans at different stages
- Surgical and non-surgical treatment options depending on the size and location of lesions, including core decompression, osteotomy, bone grafting, and hip replacement if collapse has occurred.
Osteonecrosis ug
This document discusses osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis), specifically of the hip, and Perthes' disease. It covers anatomy, causes, pathogenesis, pathology, imaging, staging, and various management approaches. For osteonecrosis of the hip, management may include core decompression, unloading osteotomy, or arthroplasty. For Perthes' disease, which causes avascular necrosis of the femoral head, treatment depends on the stage, age, and bone age of the patient and may include symptomatic treatment, abduction bracing, or operative containment such as osteotomies. The goal of treatment is to contain the femoral head within the acetabulum to allow healing.
Avascular necrosis
This document discusses avascular necrosis (AVN) of the bone, also known as osteonecrosis. It begins by explaining that AVN results from interrupted blood supply to the bone, which can lead to bone and cell death. The most common sites of AVN are the femoral head, scaphoid, and talus. Non-surgical treatments include limited weight bearing, while surgical options include core decompression, bone grafting, and osteotomies to preserve the joint. More advanced cases may require joint replacement like hip resurfacing or total hip arthroplasty. Risk factors include corticosteroid use, alcoholism, trauma, and various medical conditions.
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head
This document discusses osteonecrosis of the femoral head, including risk factors, pathogenesis theories, classifications, diagnosis, and treatment options. Key points:
- Risk factors include corticosteroid use, smoking, sickle cell anemia and others. Theories on causes include toxicity, vascular issues, but the process is likely multifactorial.
- Diagnosis involves radiographs, bone scans and MRI, which can detect early-stage disease.
- Treatment depends on disease stage and size. Options include core decompression, bone grafting, osteotomies and arthroplasty. Younger patients with smaller lesions may be candidates for bone-preserving options, while larger lesions often require joint replacement.
Avascular Necrosis (AVN)
This document discusses avascular necrosis (also known as osteonecrosis), which is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. It begins by defining the condition and listing common sites of involvement. It then covers epidemiology, causes, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, treatment options and complications. Key points include that the femoral head is the most common site, risk factors include trauma, steroid use and sickle cell disease, and treatment ranges from non-operative options like core decompression to joint replacement surgeries depending on the stage of necrosis.
Avascular necrosis ug class
This document discusses avascular necrosis (AVN), also called osteonecrosis. It defines AVN as bone death caused by sudden obstruction of blood supply to bone. Common causes include trauma, corticosteroid use, and decompression sickness. Sites often affected are the femoral head, scaphoid, and talus. The goal of treatment is to improve joint function, stop further bone damage, and preserve the bone and joint. Methods include nonsurgical options to delay progression and surgical interventions like core decompression or grafts, with joint replacement usually performed later.
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a pathologic process that results from interruption of blood supply to the bone. AVN of the hip is poorly understood, but this process is the final common pathway of traumatic or nontraumatic factors that compromise the already precarious circulation of the femoral head. Femoral head ischemia results in the death of marrow and osteocytes and usually results in the collapse of the necrotic segment
AVN
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head, also known as avascular necrosis, refers to bone cell death caused by disrupted blood flow to the femoral head. It commonly affects young adults and can lead to hip joint replacement. Early diagnosis using MRI is important. Staging systems classify the extent of involvement and structural changes, from pre-collapse changes seen on bone scan to late stage joint space narrowing. While no treatment reliably stops progression, core decompression and bone grafting may delay collapse in early stages. Once collapse occurs, osteoarthritis usually develops, necessitating joint reconstruction or replacement.
Avascular necrosis hip
This document discusses the diagnosis and management of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. It begins by describing the early diagnosis through clinical suspicion and radiological evaluation using MRI to detect changes. It then discusses staging systems and using quantification of damage to determine appropriate treatment, with the main options being head preservation procedures like core decompression or osteotomies, or head replacement through surface replacements or total hip arthroplasties. Factors like the stage of necrosis, location of lesions, age and overall health are considered for treatment planning. Case studies demonstrate outcomes of various procedures.
Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis
A review of femoral head avascular necrosis, specifically epidemiology, etiologies, diagnosis, imaging features, and treatment.
Avascular necrosis
This document discusses avascular necrosis of the femoral head. It begins by defining avascular necrosis as bone death associated with disrupted blood flow, often caused by corticosteroid use or alcoholism. It then covers the pathogenesis, classifications based on radiographic findings, diagnosis using MRI and CT scans, and various treatment approaches. For pre-collapse cases, core decompression and bone grafting are discussed. Total hip arthroplasty is the treatment for advanced collapse or cartilage damage. The document provides details on advantages and disadvantages of different surgical techniques.
Osteochondrosis
Osgood-Schlatters disease
Kohlers disease
Friebergs infarction
Vertebra plana
Scheurmanns disease
Sinding-Larsen disease
Blount's disease
Avascular necrosis of hip
This document discusses avascular necrosis (AVN), including:
- Causes of AVN such as corticosteroid use, alcohol abuse, and trauma
- Management involves early diagnosis via imaging like MRI and treatment based on staging, with options ranging from observation to core decompression and bone grafting for pre-collapse cases or osteotomy for some post-collapse cases
- Surgical techniques are described for core decompression with or without bone grafting to improve blood flow and support the femoral head, as well as various osteotomies to redistribute weight bearing for some collapsed cases
- Case studies demonstrate outcomes of these treatments in preserving femoral heads or delaying total hip replacement
Management of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis.
The document discusses management of femoral head osteonecrosis, including its causes, diagnosis, classification systems, and treatment options. MRI is highlighted as the most sensitive diagnostic tool. Conservative treatments are recommended for early stages, while hip replacement is usually needed once collapse or secondary degeneration occurs. The key is early diagnosis and treatment to preserve the hip joint.
Osteochondritis Dessicans
A 17-year-old male soccer player presented with nagging left knee pain for several months that was worse with exercise. Examination found pain and crepitus with compression of the medial femoral condyle. MRI revealed a subchondral defect in the medial femoral condyle consistent with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), a separation of cartilage and subchondral bone from the underlying bone most common in the medial femoral condyle of adolescents. Initial treatment involves immobilization but surgery may be needed if the fragment is loose or detached to prevent premature arthritis.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
This document provides an overview of rheumatoid arthritis including its definition, incidence, etiology, pathology, clinical features, investigations, differential diagnosis, and references. It describes how rheumatoid arthritis causes inflammation in the joints and surrounding tissues that can lead to deformities over time. The pathology section explains how the synovium and joints are affected, including erosion of cartilage and bone, and how this impacts movement. Common deformities that can develop in the fingers, thumb, and wrist are also outlined.
Ortho Patho Meet on Fibrous Dyspalsia by Dr. Saumya Agarwal
Ortho Patho Meet on Fibrous Dyspalsia by Dr. Saumya AgarwalCentral Institute of Orthopaedics, Safdarjang Hospital and VMMC, New Delhi
Dr. Saumya Agarwal presented on a 20-year-old male farmer with a 4-month history of right hip pain aggravated by work. Imaging showed a lytic lesion in the right femoral neck. Differential diagnoses included fibrous dysplasia and other bone cysts/tumors. Fibrous dysplasia is a benign bone disorder characterized by fibro-osseous tissue growth. It typically affects long bones in the first three decades and can be monostotic or polyostotic. Treatment involves fixation of fractures or deformity correction.What's hot (20)
Ortho Patho Meet on Fibrous Dyspalsia by Dr. Saumya Agarwal
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Common conditions of the lumbar spine
Common conditions of the lumbar spine include:
1. Degenerative disc disease, which occurs in nearly everyone over 50 due to disc degeneration and affects the lower lumbar spine the most.
2. Disc herniations, where a tear in the disc allows the nucleus to migrate and press on nerves, commonly causing leg pain.
3. Spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the spinal canal from bone spurs or thickened ligaments that compresses nerves and causes leg symptoms improved by sitting or bending forward.
4. Spondylolisthesis, the slipping of one vertebra over another, most often affecting L4 on L5 due to degeneration.
Avascular Necrosis Of Femoral Head.pptx
This document discusses avascular necrosis of the femoral head, also known as osteonecrosis or hip osteonecrosis. It causes reduced blood flow to the femoral head due to risk factors like trauma, steroid use, sickle cell disease, and alcoholism. Patients experience hip pain that worsens with activity. Diagnosis is made through imaging like x-rays, MRI, and bone scans. Treatment depends on the stage of disease and may include core decompression, osteotomy, bone grafting, hip replacement, or fusion. Prognosis depends on the size of the necrotic area, with smaller areas having a lower risk of collapse.
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This document describes two staging systems for avascular necrosis (AVN): Steinberg staging and Ficat and Arlet staging. Steinberg staging classifies AVN into 6 stages based on radiographic findings such as cystic and sclerotic changes, subchondral lucency, and femoral head flattening. Ficat and Arlet staging also classifies AVN into 4 stages based on plain radiographs, MRI, bone scan, and clinical symptoms, ranging from normal findings to end-stage with secondary degenerative changes and femoral head flattening. Radiographic images are provided to illustrate some of the stages.
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AVN OF HIP JOINT
- 1. AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF HIP JONT DR FARZANA HASHMI
- 2. Definition Osteonecrosis /AVN Ischaemic death of components of bone due to vascular compromise
- 3. Sign and symptoms Clinical features. Pain. – Dull boring . – Progressive. - Worse at night -Limp while walking. – Restricted hip motion. – Unable to sit cross legged.
- 4. Diagnosis • IMAGING • Routine X RAY • Ct scan • MRI
- 5. Xray findings • Osteopenia • Sclerotic/cystic changes • Crescent sign • Flatening of femoral head • Femoral head collapse
- 6. FICAT AND ALERT CLASIFICATION • STAGE 0 • Normal radiograph • STAGE 1 • Slight abnormality minor osteopenia • SAGE 2 • Sclerotic or cystic changes
- 7. Cont… • Stage 3 • Crescent sign • STAGE 4 • Femoral head collapse • Osteoarthritis of hip joint
- 8. Steinberg classification • stage 0: normal or non-diagnostic radiographs, MRI and bone scan of at risk hip (often contralateral hip involved, or patient has risk factors and hip pain) • stage I: normal radiograph, abnormal bone scan and/or MRI • mild <15% • Moderate 15% to 30% • Sever >30% • stage II: cystic and sclerotic radiographic changes
- 9. Cont…. • stage III: subchondral lucency or crescent sign • Mild • Moderate • severe • stage IV: flattening of femoral head, with depression • mild: • moderate: • severe: • stage V: joint space narrowing with or without acetabular involvement • stage VI: advanced degenerative changes
- 10. IMMAGING
- 12. ssss
- 14. MRI FINDINGS • Bone marrow edema • Double line • Collapse • Joint effusion • Involvement of acetabulum • Degenerative changes
- 23. THANK YOU