The document discusses the integration of augmented reality (AR) in medical education, highlighting its potential to enhance real-time learning alongside traditional methods. It reviews various applications of AR in clinical scenarios, such as surgical procedures and training for anesthesia, while emphasizing the importance of proper implementation in educational curricula. Key insights include the effectiveness of AR in increasing information retention and its growing adoption in healthcare settings.

1. A u g m e n t e d R e a l i t y f o r
M e d i c a l E d u c a t i o n
Mind and Machine
2019 Annual Conference
January 9-12, 2019
Scottsdale, AZ
ERIC B. BAUMAN, PHD, FSSH, RN

2. ERIC B. BAUMAN, PHD, FSSH, RN
D i s c l o s u r e s
Executive Board Member
Wisconsin Games Alliance
Founder & Managing Member
Clinical Playground, LLC
Other Membership/Affiliations:
Society for Simulation in Healthcare
International Nursing Assoc. for Clinical Simulation & Learning
Sigma Theta Tau
Association Medical Educators Europe
International Association of Medical Science Educators

3. Objectives
• Participants will be able to
define Augmented Reality or
AR
• Participants will able to identify
variables that exist within the
paradigm of AR that alter user
perception of the real world
• Participants will be introduced
pedagogy that supports real-
time learning that is
complimentary to traditional
bricks & mortar and mannikin-
based simulation

4. Augmented Reality
Augmented Reality (AR) supplements the real-world such that
actual objects existing in the real-world appear to coexist with
virtual objects, computer generated images or artifacts that are
representations of actual objects.
In Short: Augment the real world with virtual objects
Azuma, R., Baillot, Y., Behringer, R., Feiner, S., Julier, S., & MacIntyre, B. (2001)
Bauman, E. B. (2012). Game-based Teaching and Simulation in Nursing & Healthcare. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
Palmarini, R., Erkoyuncu, J. A., Roy, R., & Torabmostaedi, H. (2018). A systematic review of augmented reality applications in maintenance. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 49, 215-228.
Univ. of Pittsburgh Simulation & Medical Technology Center

5. Contemporary Pedagogy: Simulation to Practice Pathway

6. Effective
AppealingEfficient
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ABOUT US
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Contemporary Pedagogy:
Bauman’s Layered Learning theory
Didactic
Preparation
Interactive
AR/VR
Games
Application
.
Task Trainer
Standardized Pt
Simulator
Real World
Experience
©Bauman, 2013, 2019 Rights Reserved

7. Effective
AppealingEfficient
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Is AR a Good Fit for your Curriculum
Proper Fit
Bauman, E. B. and Ralston-Berg, P. (2014). Virtual Simulation and Game-Based Learning. In J. Palaganas, J. Maxworthy, C. Epps, and M.E.
Mancini (Eds). Defining Excellence in Simulation. Wolters Kluwe – Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

8. AppealingEfficient
MEET THE CEO
Refers to a good or service being offered by a
company ideally a product
ABOUT US
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company ideally a product
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Adoption of AR for Medical and Clinical Education:
Where are we now…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hype_cycle

9. AppealingEfficient
MEET THE CEO
Refers to a good or service being offered by a
company ideally a product
ABOUT US
Refers to a good or service being offered by a
company ideally a product
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Refers to a good or service being offered by a
company ideally a product
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C
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Adoption of AR for Medical and Clinical Education:
Where are we now…

10. AppealingEfficient
MEET THE CEO
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company ideally a product
ABOUT US
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company ideally a product
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company ideally a product
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C
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Adoption of AR for Medical and Clinical Education:
Where are we now…
From remote surgery to X-ray vision, doctors are showing other industries how to use AR/VR
November 30, 2018
https://qz.com/1479385/from-remote-surgery-to-x-ray-vision-doctors-are-showing-other-industries-how-to-use-ar-vr/?fbclid=IwAR2qaeOj2-CPTHyvMTVuTDxZ8H7fpdhRHuuxVTK9cQ8MLnkdvhBvbCjjFVM
Combination of AR/VR is know as Extended Reality (XR)
Collapses distance between information, people and experiences – particularly useful for
education
Immersive Streaming Education
Potential for increased retention
Clinical uses:
Heads-Up-Display during surgical and invasive procedures leveraging DICOM data
FDA Approval: OpenSight Augmented Reality System
https://www.healthimaging.com/topics/advanced-visualization/fda-approves-augmented-reality-system-microsoft-hololens
FDA approves first Microsoft HoloLens augmented reality system for surgical use
October 18, 2018

11. Adoption of AR for Medical and Clinical Education:
Autonomous Intelligent Mentoring (AIM) – Endotracheal Intubation
Geoffrey Miller, MS & Andrew Cross
Research Scientist at Medical Modeling and Simulation Innovation Center (MMSIC), TATRC, US Army MRMC
Eastern Virginia School of Medicine
Institute of Medicine/Society for Simulation in Healthcare Leading Innovator Award
Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education Workshop

12. Adoption of AR for Medical and Clinical Education:
Anesthesia Specific Lit Review
Diana M.; Soler L.; Agnus V.; D’Urso A.; Vix M.; Dallemagne B.; Faucher V.; Roy C.; Mutter D.; Marescaux J., Pessaux P. (2017). “Prospective evaluation of
precision multimodal gallbladder surgery navigation: virtual reality, near-infrared fluorescence, and x- ray-based intraoperative cholangiography”. Annals of
Surgery 266(5), pp. 890–897. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002400.
Rochlen L. R.; Levine R., Tait A. R. (2017). “First-person point-of-view-augmented reality for central line insertion training: A usability and feasibility study”.
Simulation in Healthcare 12(1), pp. 57–62. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000185.
Won Y-J., Kang S-H. (2017). “Application of augmented reality for inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia: A technical note.” Journal of Dental Anesthesia and
Pain Medicine 17(2), pp. 129–134. doi: 10.17245/jdapm.2017.17.2.129.
Jeon Y.; Choi S., Kim H. (2014). “Evaluation of a simplified augmented reality device for ultrasound-guided vascular access in a vascular phantom.” Journal of
Clinical Anesthesia 26(6), pp. 485–489. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2014.02.010.
Al-Deen Ashab H.; Lessoway V. A.; Khallaghi S.; Cheng A.; Rohling R., Abolmaesumi P. (2013). “An augmented reality system for epidural anesthesia (AREA):
Prepuncture identification of vertebrae.” IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering 60(9), pp. 2636– 2644. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2013.2262279.
Al-Deen Ashab H.; Lessoway V. A.; Khallaghi S.; Cheng A.; Rohling R., Abolmaesumi P. (2012). “AREA: An augmented reality system for epidural anaesthesia.”
In: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Vol. 2012. San Diego, CA: IEEE Engineering in Medicine and
Biology Society, pp. 2659–2663. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2012.6346511.
Del Castillo A. S., Sardi N. S. (2012). “Augmented reality: Can it enrich the practice of anesthesiology?” Revista Brasileira de Anestesi- ologia 62(6), pp. 887–
888. doi: 10.1016/S0034-7094(12)70190-3.
Moore J.; Clarke C.; Bainbridge D.; Wedlake C.; Wiles A.; Pace D., Peters T. (2009). “Image guidance for spinal facet injections using tracked ultrasound.”
Medical Image Computing and Computer-assisted Intervention (Pt 1), pp. 516–523.
Special Thanks Gregory E. Glibert EdD

13. Contact Information
@bauman1967
ebauman@clinicalplayground.com
www.clinicalplayground.com
linkedin.com/in/ericbbauman