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- 1. AUGMENTED REALITY SYSTEMS IN MEDICINE
- 2. CONTENT 1. What is Augmented Reality 2. Augmented Reality in medicine 3. AR Applications in medicine 4. AR Applications in medical training 1. ProMIS 2. CAE VIMEDIX 3. EchoCom 5. AR Applications medical practice 1. MEVIS 2. Google Glass 6. AR Applications for patients 1. AED4EU 2. AccuVein 3. EyeDecide 7. Biography
- 4. AUGMENTED REALITY Adds value to the real world by overlaying and displaying real-time digital information and media.
- 6. AUGMENTED REALITY IN MEDICINE AR for medical practice AR for patients AR for medical training
- 8. CAE VIMEDIXTM ➜Ultrasound training platform ➜realistic manikin ➜ultrasound probes ➜software platform (extensive pathology library)
- 9. CAE VIMEDIXTM ➜Instructional tools ➜Self-directed instructional content ➜Adjustable settings that modify difficulty level ➜Over 190 pathologies
- 10. CAE VIMEDIXTM ➜Used by cardiology residents and sonography students ➜Questionnaire ➜Results : simulator was highly realistic
- 11. Instrument tracking system THE PROMIS AR LAPAROSCOPIC SIMULATOR Time, path length and smoothness as parameters 80 surgeons and students were tested Results construct validity p<0.001 [2]] Statistics regarding a specific task as output
- 12. EchoCom ➜3D tracking system based on sonographic information ➜Train to identifying congenital heart diseases ➜43 individuals were tested ➜realistic and useful
- 14. MEVIS ➜iPad-based AR application to support liver operations ➜Fraunhofer Research Institute, 2013 ➜Blood vessels are located inside the organ[3]
- 15. AccuVein Is using a handheld scanner that projects over skin and shows nurses and doctors where veins are in the patients’ bodies.
- 16. Google Glass ➜2013, a hands-free, head-mounted computerized device ➜Present information to the wearer enable recording and sharing of photos and video
- 17. TESTING PROGRAM IN GEORGETOWN OPERATING ROOM 90% high ratings for comfort and overall satisfaction 40% distracting 55% “good"voi ce- activated control 88% “verry good”qua lity of image 30% week"wi nk" feature.
- 18. “Despite some identified weaknesses, Google Glass is a unique technology with a promising plastic surgical application in the operating room," according to the new research by Dr. Jeremy C. Sinkin of Georgetown University Hospital and colleagues.”
- 20. AED4EU MOBILE APPLICATION Its users can add places where AEDs are located. You can project the exact location of the nearest AEDs on the screen of your phone. ➜ 100,000 - 500,000 users ➜ 4.1 rated ➜ 1,393 votes
- 21. Test Results MirrARbilitation Features -recognize and classify biomechanical movements r space. -provides exercise instructions - motivating the patients
- 22. EyeDecide MOBILE APPLICATION -camera display for simulating the impact of specific conditions on a person’s vision - doctors can show simulation of the vision of a patient suffering from a specific condition -helping patients understand their symptoms and their actual medical state
- 23. AR medical software predictions 0 50 100 150 AR medical software market AR sofware market • North America • Japan, Australia, • India • Korea • Israe
- 24. 1.E. Z. Barsom1, M. Graafland1,2 M. P. SchijvenSurg Endosc (2016), Systematic review on the effectiveness of augmented reality applications in medical training 2.Botden SM1, Buzink SN, Schijven MP, Jakimowicz JJ.,(2013)ProMIS augmented reality training of laparoscopic procedures face validity 3.Alaric Hamacher,1 Su Jin Kim,2 Sung Tae Cho,3 Sunil Pardeshi,4 Seung Hyun Lee,4 Sung-Jong Eun,1 and Taeg Keun Whangbo1, (2016) Application of Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality to Urology 4.Drs. Christopher R. Davis and Lorne K. Rosenfield of Stanford University (2016) Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 5.MirrARbilitation: A clinically-related gesture recognition interactive tool for an AR rehabilitation system. Da Gama AE1, Chaves TM2, Figueiredo LS2, Baltar A2, Meng M3, Navab N3, Teichrieb V2, Fallavollita P4. Biography
- 25. ? Thank you for your attention !
Editor's Notes
- Augmented Reality is a technology that adds value to the real world by overlaying and displaying real-time digital information and media, such as videos and 3D models, via the camera view of your smartphone, tablet, PC or via wearable tech such as a viewfinder or smart glasses. If you’re picturing Robert Downey Jr in the Iron Man movies, then you’re not too far off. However this isn’t science fiction; AR is available right now and it’s improving all the time.
- Doctors and patients can use connected devices such as a smartphone or tablet to explote this technology and add valuable data to their treatment, while wearables like lenses and glasses will make accessing this information even more seamless in the future. The 3 main types of AR software used in medicine are : -ARS for medical taring -ARS for m practice -ARS for patients
- The use of AR apps is of real interest to medical education because they blend digital elements with the physical learning environment. This will result in new educational opportunities. Although VR learning environments offer opportunities for full- and partial-task training, they are often a mere representation of a task in reality . This may result in medical specialists that may be well trained for a particular task on the job in a set context, but who lack competencies needed to adapt to everchanging situations in the real working environment
- Vimedix is an innovative ultrasound training platform that allows trainees to learn ultrasound more easily and more quickly without any risk to actual patients. The simulator consists of a realistic manikin, simulated ultrasound probes and a software platform that provides modular instructional content and an extensive pathology library. It provides : Instructional tools that facilitate the learning of ultrasound Self-directed instructional content that allows training to be scalable even without a trainer Adjustable settings that modify the learning experience and difficulty level based on the level of proficiency of the trainee and the objectives of an instructor Over 190 pathologies currently available The simulator has been used to train . The majority of the attendees claimed that the simulator was highly realistic. These results were based on a questionnaire obtained from cardiology registrants and sonography students. It was produced by CAE, a global leader company in the delivery of training for civil aviation, security and healthcare.
- Vimedix is an innovative ultrasound training platform that allows trainees to learn ultrasound more easily and more quickly without any risk to actual patients. The simulator consists of a realistic manikin, simulated ultrasound probes and a software platform that provides modular instructional content and an extensive pathology library. It provides : Instructional tools that facilitate the learning of ultrasound Self-directed instructional content that allows training to be scalable even without a trainer Adjustable settings that modify the learning experience and difficulty level based on the level of proficiency of the trainee and the objectives of an instructor Over 190 pathologies currently available The simulator has been used to train . The majority of the attendees claimed that the simulator was highly realistic. These results were based on a questionnaire obtained from cardiology registrants and sonography students. It was produced by CAE, a global leader company in the delivery of training for civil aviation, security and healthcare.
- Vimedix is an innovative ultrasound training platform that allows trainees to learn ultrasound more easily and more quickly without any risk to actual patients. The simulator consists of a realistic manikin, simulated ultrasound probes and a software platform that provides modular instructional content and an extensive pathology library. It provides : Instructional tools that facilitate the learning of ultrasound Self-directed instructional content that allows training to be scalable even without a trainer Adjustable settings that modify the learning experience and difficulty level based on the level of proficiency of the trainee and the objectives of an instructor Over 190 pathologies currently available The simulator has been used to train . The majority of the attendees claimed that the simulator was highly realistic. These results were based on a questionnaire obtained from cardiology registrants and sonography students. It was produced by CAE, a global leader company in the delivery of training for civil aviation, security and healthcare.
- offers a full range of skills and procedures, The ProMIS is a simulator training laparoscopic procedures [21]. It contains an instrument tracking system, which captures instrument motion, while providing accurate, comprehensive feedback on performance. Time, path length and smoothness of movement can be recorded objectively and used as outcome parameters. It was tested the performance of 80 surgeons, surgical residents and students based on three basic laparoscopic modules Results have shown that these differences between experience levels were significant based on all performance outcomes: time , motion analysis and error score.
- The EchoCom consists of a mannequin attached to a 3D tracking system and is used to train identifying congenital heart diseases based on sonographic information. Weidenbach et al. [49] tested 43 experts, intermediates and beginners. Participants judged the simulator as realistic and useful. Experts had a performance grade of 0.98, and intermediates and beginners had a mean value of 0.69 and 0.44, respectively. As all groups differed significantly in their diagnostic performance wich proves the efficincy of the sofware.
- The earliest known surgical operation in humans was decompressive trepanation of the skull, performed in the Neolithic era.1 Surgery continued to evolve with the advent of anesthesia, antiseptics, and X‑ray in the 19th century, allowing for more complex and precise procedures, as well as decreased mortality from sepsis.2,3 Novel use of technology has driven surgical advancement, from implantable technology such as the total artificial heart to surgical techniques such as endoscopy and robotics.4–8 The current state of endoscopic and robotic surgery has rendered many once open procedures to minimally invasivnes.As the surgical evolution continues, new technologies will become more ubiquitous in the operating room, for both patient and surgeon. Augmented reality (AR) is defined as a “technology that superimposes a computer‑generated image on a user’s view of the real world, thus providing a composite view.”9 AR is widely used in aeronautics to assist pilots in takeoff, maneuvers, and landing; some have suggested a similar emrace in medicine.10 Recent use of AR in minimally invasive surgery has resulted in the creation of hybrid image‑guided surgery using endoscopic and robotic video feeds. A dedicated institution has been developed around image‑guided hybrid therapies.10 However, the delivery of AR in open surgery will require an alternative technology for the surgeon’s interface
- In 2013, the project MEVIS was initiated by the Fraunhofer Research Institute. The project involved the use of an iPad-based AR application to support liver operations. As doctors need to know as accurately as possible before and during an operation where blood vessels are located inside the organ, this AR application supports the surgeon by comparing the actual operation with the planning data based on 3D X-ray images. an overlay of the planning data on the actual camera image, as if looking inside the organ.
- The start-up company AccuVein is using AR technology to make both nurses’ and patients’ lives easier. AccuVein’s marketing specialist, Vinny Luciano said 40% of IVs (intravenous injections) miss the vein on the first stick, with the numbers getting worse for children and the elderly. AccuVein uses augmented reality by using a handheld scanner that projects over skin and shows nurses and doctors where veins are in the patients’ bodies. Luciano estimates that it’s been used on more than 10 million patients, making finding a vein on the first stick 3.5x more likely. Such technologies could assist healthcare professionals and extend their skills.
- Plastic Surgeons Who Tried 'Glass' in the OR Give it Good Ratings Introduced in 2013, Glass is a hands-free, head-mounted computerized device that can present information to the wearer and enable recording and sharing of photos and video. A recently concluded Google testing program allowed Georgetown plastic surgeons to evaluate Glass for use in the operating room
- In general, the surgeons gave Glass high ratings for comfort and overall satisfaction. The ability to capture images and video using voice-activated control was rated "good"—average score about three on a five-point scale. Scores for the quality of photos and videos averaged nearly four out of five. Compared to voice control, the surgeons had more problems capturing pictures or videos using Glass's "wink" feature. They also reported difficulties with reviewing images during surgery. One-third of surgeons said they found Glass to be distracting. At times, they had to look away from the surgical field or bend the head and neck into awkward positions in order to take pictures. "The results provide constructive end-user feedback regarding the introduction of this innovative technology into plastic surgery," Dr. Sinkin comments. The researchers note some limitations of their study, especially the small number of surgeons surveyed.
- Plastic surgeons see some clear advantages of using Google Glass in the operating room, reports a survey study in the July issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery®, the official medical journal of theAmerican Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). "Despite some identified weaknesses, Google Glass is a unique technology with a promising plastic surgical application in the operating room," according to the new research by Dr. Jeremy C. Sinkin of Georgetown University Hospital and colleagues.
- What would you do if a person next to you collapsed suddenly? All kinds of thoughts would rush through your head, and no matter whether you would think of calling an ambulance, a doctor or your mom for help, you would definitely reach for your phone. And I suggest you to consider downloading the Layar reality browser combined with AED4EU app to your phone next to the basic emergency numbers so the next time you get into a similar situation, you will be able to help more. AED4EU was created by Lucien Engelen from the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands. Its users can add places where automated external defibrillators or AEDs are located and this database can be accessed through this new application. Moreover, with the Layar browser, you can project the exact location of the nearest AEDs on the screen of your phone and it would take a minute to find them and help those in need. So augmented reality brings crucial pieces of information to those in need or danger.
- AR rehabilitation system based on ISB standards, which enables the system to interact and to be configured according to therapeutic needs. The Kinect(TM) skeleton tracking technology was exploited and a new movement recognition method was developed to recognize and classify biomechanical movements. Further, mirrARbilitation system provides exercise instructions while simultaneously motivating the patient. The system was evaluated on a cohort of 33 patients, physiotherapists, and software developers when performing shoulder abduction therapy exercises. Tests were performed in three moments: (i) users performed the exercise until they feel tired without the help of the system, (ii) the same however using the mirrARbilitation for motivation and guidance, and (iii) users performed the exercise again without the system. Users performing the movement without the help of the system worked as baseline reference. We demonstrated that the percentage of correct exercises, measured by the movement analysis method we developed, improved from 69.02% to 93.73% when users interacted with the mirrARbilitation. The number of exercise repetitions also improved from 34.06 to 66.09 signifying that our system increased motivation of the users. The system also prevented the users from performing the exercises in a completely wrong manner. Finally, with the help of our system the users' worst result was performing 73.68% of the rehabilitation movements correctly. Besides the engagement, these results suggest that the use of biomechanical standards to recognize movements is valuable in guiding users during rehabilitation exercises.
- EyeDecide is one of its kind medical app, which uses the camera display for simulating the impact of specific conditions on a person’s vision. Using apps like EyeDecide, doctors can show simulation of the vision of a patient suffering from a specific condition. For instance, the app can demonstrate the impact of Cataract or AMD and thus helping patients understand their symptoms and their actual medical state. If patients can experience the long-term effects of their lifestyle on their health, it could motivate people to make positive changes.
- The global healthcare virtual and augmented reality (VRAR) software market is expected to expand to over three times its 2015 size in the space of five years, hitting 2.5bn by 2020 and growing with a CAGR of 28.6% between 2016 and 2020. The new research by data analytics firm SA-BRC also revealed that the hardware market is anticipated to grow quicker, at a CAGR of 29.2% from 2016 to 2020. Within the hardware market by sub-segments, display devices such as desktops and head-mounted displays (HMDs) are anticipated to be the fastest growing segment during that time scale. Display devices are seen to be of particular importance in this area, since audio-visual simulation is key to creating virtual and augmented reality. North America continues to lead the combined healthcare virtual reality hardware and software market with a share of nearly 42%, while Asia Pacific is pegged as the fastest growing region, with countries like Japan, Australia, India and Korea adopting VR/AR technology in healthcare. Meanwhile, the economic and political unrest in Brazil, LATAM’s largest economy, is anticipated to affect growth of the overall healthcare industry for next few years. In the Middle East, countries such as Israel and the United Arab Emirates have been at the forefront of healthcare expenditure. Israel ranks among the first five countries in terms of healthcare quality and infrastructure. The region is also seen as highly progressive in terms of research in life sciences