Childhood Maltreatment and PTSD Literature Review and Proposed StudyAlexandraPerkins5
This literature and proposed study explores several research articles relating to childhood maltreatment and PTSD. The second section proposes a hypothetical study to further explore a gap identified in the literature review.
Childhood Maltreatment and PTSD Literature Review and Proposed StudyAlexandraPerkins5
This literature and proposed study explores several research articles relating to childhood maltreatment and PTSD. The second section proposes a hypothetical study to further explore a gap identified in the literature review.
Abstract—Spiritual health is not given its due importance since long time. But nowadays modern medicine is seen in relation to spiritual health. and studies were conducted to find out its effect in various diseases. So this study was conducted on medical students of SMS Medical College, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India. aimed to assess the spiritual health and its association with psycho wellness. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1st MBBS students present on the day of survey were given spiritual health assessment scale (SHAS) to assess the their spiritual health. Then these students were screened through Modified Mini Scale (MMS) to found out zone of psycho wellness i.e. red and orange zone of psycho-wellness. Association was inferred by Chi-square test and ANOVA with Post-hoc Tukey test. Out of 230 students attend on the day of survey, majority of students i.e.164(71.3%) were having good spiritual health. Likewise only 132 students (57.39%) were in green zone (no disease zone), while 36(15.65%) students were in orange (borderline) and 62 students (26.96%) were in red zone (Psychiatric disease zone) of psycho-wellness. On analysis it was found that Mean scores of spiritual SHAS of green zone was significantly high than mean SHAS scores of other zones. Majority of students were having poor spiritual health and this spiritual health was strongly associated with psycho-wellness of students. Poorer the spiritual health of students leads to poorer the psycho-wellness of students.
We all know that individuals with fasd fulfil the requirements for DSM mental health diagnoses, usually receiving multiple DSM diagnoses.
So, it is not surprising that the more the behavioural mental health diagnoses are explored, beyond their own behavioural criteria, the more commonalities are found: in this case “delay discounting”.
However, there is already a term that is being used, Stuck In Set Perseveration.
See, The Lens by Which Those Afflicted with FASD Interpret their Relationship and Environment. XXXIVth International Congress on Law and Mental Health. Vienna, 2015.
A Test Review: Children’s Depression Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R) Sidney Gaskins
The instrument is considered a clinician-rating scale as opposed to self-reported instrument. When assessing for the depression in children that takes a specific tool created specifically for that population and construct. All assessment instruments have a purpose and there are technical considerations an assessor must consider when using it. The assessor must be familiar with the tool, understand the purpose for which it is used, how reliable and valid it is, the way it is scored and items needed for assessment, whether the measure has generalizable results, and something about the population on which the instrument was normalized. The Children’s Depression Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R) is used to assess depression in children and adolescents ages 6-18 using 17 different areas of assessment. This paper will present a detailed overview of this instrument.
A journal club article review prepared for the Psychiatry Residency of Texas Tech El Paso - Paper title: 'Psilocybin Produces Substantial & Sustained Decreases in Depression & Anxiety in Patients With Life-threatening Cancer: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial'
1PAGE 21. What is the question the authors are asking .docxfelicidaddinwoodie
1
PAGE
2
1. What is the question the authors are asking?
They asked about a reduction in judgmental biases regarding the cost and probability associated with adverse social events as they are presumed as being mechanisms for the treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). Also, the authors poised on the changes in judgmental biases as mechanisms to explain cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder. On top of that, they stated that methodological limitations extant studies highlight the possibility that rather than causing symptom relief, a significant reduction in judgmental biases tends to be consequences of it or correlate. Considerably, they expected cost bias at mid-treatment to be a predictor of the treatment outcome.
2. Why do the authors believe this question is important?
According to the authors, this question was relevant as methodological limitations of present studies reflect on the possibility that instead of causing symptom belief, a significant reduction in judgmental biases can be consequences or correlated to it. Additionally, they ought to ascertain the judgment bias between treated and non-treated participants. Significantly, this was important as they had to determine the impact of pre and post changes in cost and probability of the treatment outcomes. But, probability bias at mid-treatment was a predictor of the treatment outcome contrary to the cost bias at mid-treatment that could not be identified as a significant predictor of the treatment outcome.
3. How do they try to answer this question?
They conducted a study to evaluate the significant changes in judgmental bias as aspects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorders. To do this, they conducted a study using information from two treatment studies; an uncontrolled trial observing amygdala activity as a response to VRE (Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy) with the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging and a randomized control trial that compared Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy with Exposure Group Therapy for SAD. A total of 86 individuals who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for the diagnosis of non-generalized (n=46) and generalized (n=40) SAD participated. After completing eight weeks of the treatment protocol, the participants who identified public speaking as their most fearsome social situation were included. The SCID (Structured clinical interview for the DSM-IV) was used to ascertain diagnostic and eligibility status on Axis 1 conditions within substance abuse, mood and anxiety disorder modules. The social anxiety measures were measured with the use of BFNE (Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation), a self-reporting questioner that examined the degree to which persons fear to be assessed by other across different social settings. Additionally, the OPQ (Outcome Probability Questionnaire) self-reporting questionnaire was used to evaluate individual’s estimate on the probability that adverse, threatening events will occur at t ...
Name Professor Course Date Sexual Harassment .docxroushhsiu
Name
Professor
Course
Date
Sexual Harassment Essay Outline
I. Introduction
A. Background
1. Despite ongoing public campaigns designed to prevent sexual harassment,
this destructive behavior continues to be a widespread issue in the United
States. Sexual harassment is particularly rampant on college campuses,
where 62% of female students and 61% of male students report having
been victims of this form of mistreatment, according to the AAUW
Educational Foundation. Most of the harassment is noncontact, but about
one-third of students are victims of physical harassment.
B. Thesis Statement
1. Although mass media and news outlets alike tend to shy away from the
sexual harassment problem occuring across our campuses nationwide,
universities are failing to protect their students from sexual harassment
resulting in mental health damage of both males and females in all parts of
the nation
II. Body
A. Sexual Harassment Amongst Both Genders
1. Female Sexual Harassment In Comparison
a) Statistics Regarding Harassment Committed Against
b) General Concerns Over Safety Amongst Females
2. Male Sexual Harassment In Comparison
a) Statistics Regarding Harassment Committed Against
b) Lack of Awareness That Men Can Also Experience Harassment
On College Campuses
B. Sexual Harassment Being Neglected Nationwide
1. Lack of Media Coverage & Lack of Awareness
a) Disregard Of A Widespread Issue Going On In Our Nation
b) People Not Taking Sexual Harassment Seriously/Not Being Aware
of It
2. Lack of Knowledge Regarding Universities Legal Duty to Protect
Students
a) Title XI Law of 1972
b) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
C. Sexual Harassment’s Effect on Students Experiencing It
1. Short Term Mental Effects
a) People Disregarding and Neglecting People Who Claim Sexual
Harassment Can Cause Them Insecurity and Hopelessness
b) People Tend To Blame Themselves For Being Harrassed
2. Long Term Mental Effects
a) Depression and Inability To Trust Others
b) Can Lead To Drastic Effects Like Turning To Drugs Or
Committing Suicide, It is Afterall A Form Of Bullying
III. Conclusion
A. The failure of our nations awarness and our universities inability to abide to the
law by protecting our students has resulted in many students being permanently
damaged from sexual harassment
B. We the people of the United States have gone through all the proper legal
measures in order to guarantee the youths safety when attending college
universities; yet these laws along with their $60,000 tuitions do not seem to be
enough motivation for these universities to abide to the law. Does a student need
to be found dead in the middle of the campus in order to get the message across?
Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire
Review of The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire by MICHAEL G. KAVAN, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Associate Professor of Family Medicine, Creighton University Sch ...
Research Methods in PsychologyThe Effectiveness of Psychodyn.docxronak56
Research Methods in Psychology
The Effectiveness of Psychodynamic Therapy on Childhood Abused Victims.
Annotate Bibliography
Nickel, R., & Egle, U. T. (2005). Influence of childhood adversities and defense styles on the 1-year follow-up of psychosomatic- psychotherapeutic inpatient treatment. Psychotherapy Research, 15(4), 483-494. doi:10.1080/10503300500091660
This study was conducted to examine childhood abused victims' quality of life before treatment, and after treatment. A multimodal psychodynamic group concept was used to treat 138 patients for an average of 80.4 days. In order, to properly develop a comparison, clinical examiners interviewed each patient before the start to their in-patient program to diagnose each individual, and have therapy goals for them. The questionnaires that were used to measure quality of life targeted the patient's social life health, general health, emotional and physical functioning. The patients were all re-assessed after one year had passed by, to examine any changes in their quality of life. It was revealed that the patients' mental quality of life had improved by more than one standard deviation. Their physical quality of life improved just less than one standard deviation.
Baker, V., & Sheldon, H. (2007). 'The Light at the End of the Tunnel': Issues of Hope and Loss in Endings with Survivors Groups. Group Analysis, 40(3), 404-416. doi:10.1177/0533316407081759
In this article, a previous study was mentioned in which childhood abuse survivors were treated for 20 sessions. The authors of this article agreed that 20 sessions of treatment for childhood abuse survivors isn't enough for them to develop a secure attachment to the group. This study explores whether childhood abuse victims can benefit from treatment by being treated for a longer period. Seven group members of ages 23-55 were treated for 52 sessions, over a period of 13 months. All of the members in this group are women, and they had all been sexually abused in their childhood by a family member. They followed a psychodynamic, time-limited closed group therapy, in which they all benefited somewhat. However, many of the members expressed anxiety of leting go, and not being able to move on after the group ended.
Foa, E. (2009). Psychodynamic Therapy for Child Trauma. Retrieved from https://www.istss.org/ISTSS_Main/media/Documents/ISTSS_g12.pdf
The authors of this article discuss the efficacy of pyshcodynamic methods on childhood abuse victims, by presenting the results of five randomized controled trials. The population involved in these randomized controled trials were : preschoolers that were exposed to domestic violance, abused infant and sexually abused girls. Three of these randomized controled trials focused on a child-parent therapy, using a relationship-based intervention. The goal to these three randomzied trials was to strengthen the parent-child relationship to lead to a long term healthy child development. Another randomized ...
DNP-816 Analysis & Applic of Health Data for ANPSTATISTICS QUIZ.docxgreg1eden90113
DNP-816: Analysis & Applic of Health Data for ANP
STATISTICS QUIZE
1. Which of the following research designs includes both an intervention and randomization?
Group of answer choices
Grounded theory research
Non-experimental research
Time series design
Experimental research
2. What is the initial question the researcher should ask when selecting a research design for a particular study?
Group of answer choices
What is the norm in the research topic area?
What type of data analysis techniques will be used?
What instruments will be used to measure the variables in the study?
What is the primary purpose of the study?
3. Which of the following research questions is the appropriate question for a correlational research design?
Group of answer choices
What is the experience of women with hyperthyroidism and resolution of sypmtoms after treatment?
What is the relationship between amount of exercise/week and arthralgia in women with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer who are being treated with an aromatase inhibitor?
What is the prevalence of heroin addiction amongst adults ages 18-45 in the Greater Cincinnati region?
In patients undergoing a total hip arthroplasty, which of the following treatments is most effective in the decolonization of MRSA: preoperative povidone iodine or posteroperative mupirocin?
4. Match the types of quantitative research listed below with the sample study titles.
Group of answer choices
Descriptive research
Correlational research
Quasi-experimental research
Experimental research
5. Bias is a term used to indicate that data in a study are being distorted or slanted away from reality by some influencing factor. Which of the following is true about bias in research?
Group of answer choices
Instruments that are valid for measuring the identified variables are a source of bias.
The researcher can not be a source of bias in a study because he/she is in control
Preconcieved ideas about what the finding of a study will be may lead to bias in intrepreting data.
It is the same as manipulation because the researcher determines the treatment to be given.
6. Manipulation is a term used in quasi and experimental research to mean:
Group of answer choices
An underhanded strategy designed to make subject behave as the researcher wants them to.
Controlling the environment in which the research takes place
An intervention or treatment introduced by the researcher to assess its impact on the dependent variable.
The ability of the researcher to be able to handle or use the equpiment needed to collect data in the study
7. We do not know whether the pattern of results found in our samples accurately reflects what is happening in the population or if it is the result of what type of error?
Group of answer choices
Representative
Distribution
Sampling
Mean
8. Extraneous variables may be controlled by:
Group of answer choices
Using a natural clinical setting
Selecting individuals that are relatively alike in relation to var.
1. What is the question the authors are asking They asked abo.docxpaynetawnya
1. What is the question the authors are asking?
They asked about the relation between self-focused attention and interpersonal consequences of the social anxiety. Also, how the interpersonal interaction will influence the social anxiety. On top of that, they hypothesized in their study, the control group will show increased uncomfortable sign while& after the interpersonal activities,, like the less verbal speaking and more protective body language. Also, they expected the control group will show more negative effect and fairly low in positive effect after the study.
2. Why do the authors believe this question is important?
Because they have found people have agreement on the positive relation between the anxiety arousal and the shown anxiety symptoms, also the interaction and social anxiety. But, the relation and function of how the self- focused attention will trigger and influence the social anxiety when interpersonal activity happens.
3. How do they try to answer this question?
They conducted a study to testify whether the interpersonal activity will influence or trigger the social anxiety. In order to do that, they collected 120 participants after they have these participants did SPAI, the ones who got highest and lowest 20 percentile scores people have been selected as the SA group, which means they have shown the possibility of being diagnosed as social phobia patients. And the rest of the 120p people will consist of the NSA group, which names after the people who do not have any social phobia symptom when having interpersonal interaction. After having them grouped, they will be paired as dyads automatically, the SA with NSA, or the NSA with NSA. But, they are not informed their identity in this study. Then, each group will have 5 minutes session to interact with the other one, they will be video recorded at the same time they started the session, and there will be people who spectate their verbal code and nonverbal code when the recording started. Each codes represent different “behavior” of participant, for the verbal code, we have RS, ES,Q,ST AND GT for information sharing. RS is for complaining and support words said by participants, ES specifies the empathetic comments, ST represents the information shared about participant themselves, GT means the sharing information that unrelated to participants themselves. Same to nonverbal codes, we have polite smile, pleasurable smile, frown, the fidgeting hand position. After the 5 minutes session with each other, the researchers will have participants to do 2 questionnaires, PANAS and QI, one for detecting the PA and NA level of participants before and after the study, one for checking the level of satisfaction of the just finished interaction.
4. What did they find?
They found out the results not exactly same as they predicted, like for the level of NA in SA- NSA group, it did not have a significantly rising after the session is ended, either to the questions asked in the session, SA ...
Abstract—Spiritual health is not given its due importance since long time. But nowadays modern medicine is seen in relation to spiritual health. and studies were conducted to find out its effect in various diseases. So this study was conducted on medical students of SMS Medical College, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India. aimed to assess the spiritual health and its association with psycho wellness. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1st MBBS students present on the day of survey were given spiritual health assessment scale (SHAS) to assess the their spiritual health. Then these students were screened through Modified Mini Scale (MMS) to found out zone of psycho wellness i.e. red and orange zone of psycho-wellness. Association was inferred by Chi-square test and ANOVA with Post-hoc Tukey test. Out of 230 students attend on the day of survey, majority of students i.e.164(71.3%) were having good spiritual health. Likewise only 132 students (57.39%) were in green zone (no disease zone), while 36(15.65%) students were in orange (borderline) and 62 students (26.96%) were in red zone (Psychiatric disease zone) of psycho-wellness. On analysis it was found that Mean scores of spiritual SHAS of green zone was significantly high than mean SHAS scores of other zones. Majority of students were having poor spiritual health and this spiritual health was strongly associated with psycho-wellness of students. Poorer the spiritual health of students leads to poorer the psycho-wellness of students.
We all know that individuals with fasd fulfil the requirements for DSM mental health diagnoses, usually receiving multiple DSM diagnoses.
So, it is not surprising that the more the behavioural mental health diagnoses are explored, beyond their own behavioural criteria, the more commonalities are found: in this case “delay discounting”.
However, there is already a term that is being used, Stuck In Set Perseveration.
See, The Lens by Which Those Afflicted with FASD Interpret their Relationship and Environment. XXXIVth International Congress on Law and Mental Health. Vienna, 2015.
A Test Review: Children’s Depression Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R) Sidney Gaskins
The instrument is considered a clinician-rating scale as opposed to self-reported instrument. When assessing for the depression in children that takes a specific tool created specifically for that population and construct. All assessment instruments have a purpose and there are technical considerations an assessor must consider when using it. The assessor must be familiar with the tool, understand the purpose for which it is used, how reliable and valid it is, the way it is scored and items needed for assessment, whether the measure has generalizable results, and something about the population on which the instrument was normalized. The Children’s Depression Rating Scale, Revised (CDRS-R) is used to assess depression in children and adolescents ages 6-18 using 17 different areas of assessment. This paper will present a detailed overview of this instrument.
A journal club article review prepared for the Psychiatry Residency of Texas Tech El Paso - Paper title: 'Psilocybin Produces Substantial & Sustained Decreases in Depression & Anxiety in Patients With Life-threatening Cancer: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial'
1PAGE 21. What is the question the authors are asking .docxfelicidaddinwoodie
1
PAGE
2
1. What is the question the authors are asking?
They asked about a reduction in judgmental biases regarding the cost and probability associated with adverse social events as they are presumed as being mechanisms for the treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). Also, the authors poised on the changes in judgmental biases as mechanisms to explain cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder. On top of that, they stated that methodological limitations extant studies highlight the possibility that rather than causing symptom relief, a significant reduction in judgmental biases tends to be consequences of it or correlate. Considerably, they expected cost bias at mid-treatment to be a predictor of the treatment outcome.
2. Why do the authors believe this question is important?
According to the authors, this question was relevant as methodological limitations of present studies reflect on the possibility that instead of causing symptom belief, a significant reduction in judgmental biases can be consequences or correlated to it. Additionally, they ought to ascertain the judgment bias between treated and non-treated participants. Significantly, this was important as they had to determine the impact of pre and post changes in cost and probability of the treatment outcomes. But, probability bias at mid-treatment was a predictor of the treatment outcome contrary to the cost bias at mid-treatment that could not be identified as a significant predictor of the treatment outcome.
3. How do they try to answer this question?
They conducted a study to evaluate the significant changes in judgmental bias as aspects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorders. To do this, they conducted a study using information from two treatment studies; an uncontrolled trial observing amygdala activity as a response to VRE (Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy) with the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging and a randomized control trial that compared Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy with Exposure Group Therapy for SAD. A total of 86 individuals who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for the diagnosis of non-generalized (n=46) and generalized (n=40) SAD participated. After completing eight weeks of the treatment protocol, the participants who identified public speaking as their most fearsome social situation were included. The SCID (Structured clinical interview for the DSM-IV) was used to ascertain diagnostic and eligibility status on Axis 1 conditions within substance abuse, mood and anxiety disorder modules. The social anxiety measures were measured with the use of BFNE (Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation), a self-reporting questioner that examined the degree to which persons fear to be assessed by other across different social settings. Additionally, the OPQ (Outcome Probability Questionnaire) self-reporting questionnaire was used to evaluate individual’s estimate on the probability that adverse, threatening events will occur at t ...
Name Professor Course Date Sexual Harassment .docxroushhsiu
Name
Professor
Course
Date
Sexual Harassment Essay Outline
I. Introduction
A. Background
1. Despite ongoing public campaigns designed to prevent sexual harassment,
this destructive behavior continues to be a widespread issue in the United
States. Sexual harassment is particularly rampant on college campuses,
where 62% of female students and 61% of male students report having
been victims of this form of mistreatment, according to the AAUW
Educational Foundation. Most of the harassment is noncontact, but about
one-third of students are victims of physical harassment.
B. Thesis Statement
1. Although mass media and news outlets alike tend to shy away from the
sexual harassment problem occuring across our campuses nationwide,
universities are failing to protect their students from sexual harassment
resulting in mental health damage of both males and females in all parts of
the nation
II. Body
A. Sexual Harassment Amongst Both Genders
1. Female Sexual Harassment In Comparison
a) Statistics Regarding Harassment Committed Against
b) General Concerns Over Safety Amongst Females
2. Male Sexual Harassment In Comparison
a) Statistics Regarding Harassment Committed Against
b) Lack of Awareness That Men Can Also Experience Harassment
On College Campuses
B. Sexual Harassment Being Neglected Nationwide
1. Lack of Media Coverage & Lack of Awareness
a) Disregard Of A Widespread Issue Going On In Our Nation
b) People Not Taking Sexual Harassment Seriously/Not Being Aware
of It
2. Lack of Knowledge Regarding Universities Legal Duty to Protect
Students
a) Title XI Law of 1972
b) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
C. Sexual Harassment’s Effect on Students Experiencing It
1. Short Term Mental Effects
a) People Disregarding and Neglecting People Who Claim Sexual
Harassment Can Cause Them Insecurity and Hopelessness
b) People Tend To Blame Themselves For Being Harrassed
2. Long Term Mental Effects
a) Depression and Inability To Trust Others
b) Can Lead To Drastic Effects Like Turning To Drugs Or
Committing Suicide, It is Afterall A Form Of Bullying
III. Conclusion
A. The failure of our nations awarness and our universities inability to abide to the
law by protecting our students has resulted in many students being permanently
damaged from sexual harassment
B. We the people of the United States have gone through all the proper legal
measures in order to guarantee the youths safety when attending college
universities; yet these laws along with their $60,000 tuitions do not seem to be
enough motivation for these universities to abide to the law. Does a student need
to be found dead in the middle of the campus in order to get the message across?
Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire
Review of The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire by MICHAEL G. KAVAN, Associate Dean for Student Affairs and Associate Professor of Family Medicine, Creighton University Sch ...
Research Methods in PsychologyThe Effectiveness of Psychodyn.docxronak56
Research Methods in Psychology
The Effectiveness of Psychodynamic Therapy on Childhood Abused Victims.
Annotate Bibliography
Nickel, R., & Egle, U. T. (2005). Influence of childhood adversities and defense styles on the 1-year follow-up of psychosomatic- psychotherapeutic inpatient treatment. Psychotherapy Research, 15(4), 483-494. doi:10.1080/10503300500091660
This study was conducted to examine childhood abused victims' quality of life before treatment, and after treatment. A multimodal psychodynamic group concept was used to treat 138 patients for an average of 80.4 days. In order, to properly develop a comparison, clinical examiners interviewed each patient before the start to their in-patient program to diagnose each individual, and have therapy goals for them. The questionnaires that were used to measure quality of life targeted the patient's social life health, general health, emotional and physical functioning. The patients were all re-assessed after one year had passed by, to examine any changes in their quality of life. It was revealed that the patients' mental quality of life had improved by more than one standard deviation. Their physical quality of life improved just less than one standard deviation.
Baker, V., & Sheldon, H. (2007). 'The Light at the End of the Tunnel': Issues of Hope and Loss in Endings with Survivors Groups. Group Analysis, 40(3), 404-416. doi:10.1177/0533316407081759
In this article, a previous study was mentioned in which childhood abuse survivors were treated for 20 sessions. The authors of this article agreed that 20 sessions of treatment for childhood abuse survivors isn't enough for them to develop a secure attachment to the group. This study explores whether childhood abuse victims can benefit from treatment by being treated for a longer period. Seven group members of ages 23-55 were treated for 52 sessions, over a period of 13 months. All of the members in this group are women, and they had all been sexually abused in their childhood by a family member. They followed a psychodynamic, time-limited closed group therapy, in which they all benefited somewhat. However, many of the members expressed anxiety of leting go, and not being able to move on after the group ended.
Foa, E. (2009). Psychodynamic Therapy for Child Trauma. Retrieved from https://www.istss.org/ISTSS_Main/media/Documents/ISTSS_g12.pdf
The authors of this article discuss the efficacy of pyshcodynamic methods on childhood abuse victims, by presenting the results of five randomized controled trials. The population involved in these randomized controled trials were : preschoolers that were exposed to domestic violance, abused infant and sexually abused girls. Three of these randomized controled trials focused on a child-parent therapy, using a relationship-based intervention. The goal to these three randomzied trials was to strengthen the parent-child relationship to lead to a long term healthy child development. Another randomized ...
DNP-816 Analysis & Applic of Health Data for ANPSTATISTICS QUIZ.docxgreg1eden90113
DNP-816: Analysis & Applic of Health Data for ANP
STATISTICS QUIZE
1. Which of the following research designs includes both an intervention and randomization?
Group of answer choices
Grounded theory research
Non-experimental research
Time series design
Experimental research
2. What is the initial question the researcher should ask when selecting a research design for a particular study?
Group of answer choices
What is the norm in the research topic area?
What type of data analysis techniques will be used?
What instruments will be used to measure the variables in the study?
What is the primary purpose of the study?
3. Which of the following research questions is the appropriate question for a correlational research design?
Group of answer choices
What is the experience of women with hyperthyroidism and resolution of sypmtoms after treatment?
What is the relationship between amount of exercise/week and arthralgia in women with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer who are being treated with an aromatase inhibitor?
What is the prevalence of heroin addiction amongst adults ages 18-45 in the Greater Cincinnati region?
In patients undergoing a total hip arthroplasty, which of the following treatments is most effective in the decolonization of MRSA: preoperative povidone iodine or posteroperative mupirocin?
4. Match the types of quantitative research listed below with the sample study titles.
Group of answer choices
Descriptive research
Correlational research
Quasi-experimental research
Experimental research
5. Bias is a term used to indicate that data in a study are being distorted or slanted away from reality by some influencing factor. Which of the following is true about bias in research?
Group of answer choices
Instruments that are valid for measuring the identified variables are a source of bias.
The researcher can not be a source of bias in a study because he/she is in control
Preconcieved ideas about what the finding of a study will be may lead to bias in intrepreting data.
It is the same as manipulation because the researcher determines the treatment to be given.
6. Manipulation is a term used in quasi and experimental research to mean:
Group of answer choices
An underhanded strategy designed to make subject behave as the researcher wants them to.
Controlling the environment in which the research takes place
An intervention or treatment introduced by the researcher to assess its impact on the dependent variable.
The ability of the researcher to be able to handle or use the equpiment needed to collect data in the study
7. We do not know whether the pattern of results found in our samples accurately reflects what is happening in the population or if it is the result of what type of error?
Group of answer choices
Representative
Distribution
Sampling
Mean
8. Extraneous variables may be controlled by:
Group of answer choices
Using a natural clinical setting
Selecting individuals that are relatively alike in relation to var.
1. What is the question the authors are asking They asked abo.docxpaynetawnya
1. What is the question the authors are asking?
They asked about the relation between self-focused attention and interpersonal consequences of the social anxiety. Also, how the interpersonal interaction will influence the social anxiety. On top of that, they hypothesized in their study, the control group will show increased uncomfortable sign while& after the interpersonal activities,, like the less verbal speaking and more protective body language. Also, they expected the control group will show more negative effect and fairly low in positive effect after the study.
2. Why do the authors believe this question is important?
Because they have found people have agreement on the positive relation between the anxiety arousal and the shown anxiety symptoms, also the interaction and social anxiety. But, the relation and function of how the self- focused attention will trigger and influence the social anxiety when interpersonal activity happens.
3. How do they try to answer this question?
They conducted a study to testify whether the interpersonal activity will influence or trigger the social anxiety. In order to do that, they collected 120 participants after they have these participants did SPAI, the ones who got highest and lowest 20 percentile scores people have been selected as the SA group, which means they have shown the possibility of being diagnosed as social phobia patients. And the rest of the 120p people will consist of the NSA group, which names after the people who do not have any social phobia symptom when having interpersonal interaction. After having them grouped, they will be paired as dyads automatically, the SA with NSA, or the NSA with NSA. But, they are not informed their identity in this study. Then, each group will have 5 minutes session to interact with the other one, they will be video recorded at the same time they started the session, and there will be people who spectate their verbal code and nonverbal code when the recording started. Each codes represent different “behavior” of participant, for the verbal code, we have RS, ES,Q,ST AND GT for information sharing. RS is for complaining and support words said by participants, ES specifies the empathetic comments, ST represents the information shared about participant themselves, GT means the sharing information that unrelated to participants themselves. Same to nonverbal codes, we have polite smile, pleasurable smile, frown, the fidgeting hand position. After the 5 minutes session with each other, the researchers will have participants to do 2 questionnaires, PANAS and QI, one for detecting the PA and NA level of participants before and after the study, one for checking the level of satisfaction of the just finished interaction.
4. What did they find?
They found out the results not exactly same as they predicted, like for the level of NA in SA- NSA group, it did not have a significantly rising after the session is ended, either to the questions asked in the session, SA ...
The DSM-5 Clinical Cases e-book has provided multiple case-scena.docxkarisariddell
The DSM-5 Clinical Cases e-book has provided multiple case-scenarios relating to various psychological and psychiatric conditions relating to various individuals. The paper analyses the case of Irene Upton, a twenty-nine years old elementary teacher who had gone to the psychiatric for extensive consultations regarding her condition. The latter complaint of being “tired” of loneliness, besides that from her medical history it can be observed that she was hospitalized more than once for suicidal attempts and self-cutting, which represents intense, emotional pain, and frustrations. Coherently, the sister confessed to the past traumatic events that Irene was expected to, notably; at the age of thirteen, the father would sexually exploit Irene a “weird” manner. Irene has failed to recall certain activities she undertook while between the ages of seven and thirteen, which would represent the specific loss of memory due to traumatic experiences. The client laments that she does not consume or abuse alcohol or drugs, ideally, during her late teen, Irene experienced a certain shift in her life when she suddenly became more engaged and proactive for in class and co-curriculum activities. Therefore, leading to a successful life both in high school and college and later getting employed to become of the best teachers in her school.
From the excerpt, the one can be observed properly professional interpretation of Irene’s condition, where the privacy and confidentiality of the patient have been upheld through the exclusion of deeming statements that may be unethically interpreted. For instance, the level of impartiality or conflict of interest has been eliminated since there are no comments or reading that advocate any additional information on behalf of the patients there are no sections or comments that illustrates the certain type of advice or personal opinions. Therefore demonstrating a high level of ethical practice since there are no statements that demonstrate any gross misconduct when conducting a patient assessment; the excerpt provides only the necessary information useful for interpretation while excluding the confidentiality and privacy of the patient.
Evaluation
There are multiple techniques and methods, which can be used to conduct a psychological assessment on a given patient in order to accurately diagnose the individual. The paper will describe a battery of these assessments to understand the subject’s condition fully.
A clinical interview is a treatment technique utilized by psychologist and other physicians to document the accurate diagnosis of mental disorders especially the obsessive-compulsory disorder they include the clinical diagnostic interview and structured clinical interviews. The clinical diagnosis involves narrative conversation between the patient and the doctor where the latter asked a series of questions such as “how was your childhood?” “What was school like when growing?” “How wa ...
Evidenced Based Practice (EVP): GRADE Approach to Evidenced Based Guideline D...Michael Changaris
This slide show explores how to review literature and develop an understanding of the quality of the clinical evidence for a treatment modality. Reviews the development of a guideline based on evidence based GRADE process.
Homework #3The information need for this assignment is already b.docxhoward4little59962
Homework #3
The information need for this assignment is already been done in a previous assignment #2 just need to add to the ongoing assignment.
#1 ASSIGNMENT
Assignment 2: LASA 1: Final Project: Early Methods Section
Due
Wednesday, April 12, 2017
.
In your final paper for this course, you will need to write a
Methods
section that is about 4 pages long where you will assess and evaluate the methods of research.
In preparation for this particular section, answer the following questions thoroughly and provide justification/support. The more complete and detailed your answers for these questions, the better prepared you are to successfully write your final paper.
Please submit your answers as a single 4- to 6-page document as a numbered list; this will ensure you do not inadvertently miss a question.
Additionally, please submit a title page and a reference page in proper APA format.
What is your research question?
What is your hypothesis or hypotheses? What is the null hypothesis?
How many participants would you like to use and why? What are the inclusion characteristics, i.e., what must they have in order to be included in your study (for example, gender, diagnosis, age, personality traits, etc.)? Are there any exclusion characteristics, i.e. are there certain characteristics that would exclude them from being in your study? Does the sample need to be diverse? Why or why not?
What sampling technique will be used to collect your sample? What population does your sample generalize to?
What are the variables in your study?
HINT:
Refer back to your hypothesis or hypotheses.
Provide operational definitions for each variable.
How will you measure each variable? Discuss the reliability and validity of these measures in general terms.
What technique will be used for data collection (e.g., observation, survey, interview, archival, etc.)?
What type of research design is being used?
Briefly discuss the procedure that would be followed when conducting the research.
What are some
POTENTIAL
ethical issues? How might they be addressed?
#2 THE EXAMPLE FOR THE ASSIGNMENT
Final Project: Early Method Section
Final Project:
Early Method Section
What is your research question?
My research question is “Does stress reduction efficacy vary between relaxation response treatment and mindfulness-based programs for female undergraduate students between the ages of 18-25?”
The research question is important because previous studies have only provided empirical evidence demonstrating the efficacy of each method on its own and a comparison of the methods within other controlled populations. Research has investigated the effects of these stress-reduction methods within specific subgroups of the population, but not within the population that is targeted in this study. It is also important because
the majority of research has focused on the effects of stress-reduction techniques on medical students, healthcare professionals, and undergraduate pr.
Running head: THERAPEUTIC ALLIANCE 1
The Therapeutic Alliance
Student’s Name
Institution
The Therapeutic Alliance
Abstract
The therapeutic alliance is a subject m, which has constantly been discussed for several decades. Conferring to several sources and tests, the client-therapist association is an essential secondary and primary factor in the therapy. Research that is conducted by Charles J. Geslo from the University of Maryland. From the experiment, Charles established that the connection among the therapist, along with the client, is linked to the outcome of the medication therapy. What is more, the therapy is the acuity of the client, which adds to the quality of the effect of the medication. In order to have a good and operational liaison between the therapist and client, there are components, which must be available. The conclusions in this paper are to back up the point that the client-therapist affiliation is critical in a session of the therapy.
The therapeutic relationship has always been a debated subject for several decades; few people consider that the relationship does have an impact on the medication results while other people do not approve of this. The therapeutic relationship performs a vital action in the aftermath of the therapy session. The therapeutic relationship comprises of three fundamentals: they include, therapeutic alliance, a dynamic process, as well as a real and personal relationship. Besides, for a long time, there has been extra consideration on the transference along with the therapeutic alliance than in the actual bond amid the clinician and the client. Mr. Charles J. Geslo, who worked at Department of Psychology at the University of Maryland, directed an investigation to discover how the client-clinician relationship influenced the result of the medication. To attain this, Mr Charles Geslo worked with an illustration of 43 patrons in the experiment.
At the start of the medication, he assessed the connection between both the clients and therapists in the early medication sitting. After finalizing the four therapy meetings, Mr. Charles Geslo established that the connection amid the client and the therapists is precisely associated to the results of the medication of the meetings of therapy. Rendering to Geslo, the clients who professed their liaison with the clients positively had good results compared to the clients who negatively perceived the relationship. Through re.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Journal will bring together leading researchers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. Topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to :
AssignmentRead a selection of your colleagues responses..docxnormanibarber20063
Assignment:
Read
a selection of your colleagues' responses.
Respond
to at least
two
of your colleagues by comparing your assessment tool to theirs. APA Format with at least two references in each responses no more than five years old
Response Post #1
Main Post - Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
Week 2 Discussion - Assessment and Diagnosis in Psychotherapy
Main Post
Assessment Tools
It is paramount as health care professionals to be skillful in assessing clients to be able to diagnose, plan, and produce optimal care yielding full or partial recovery of the clients. Various assessment and measuring tools are available for mental health providers to help measure illness, diagnose clients, and measure a client’s response to treatment that will help supplement data obtained from the clinical interview. Though assessments usually span the entire treatment cycle, a thoughtfully constructed initial intake meeting can be a great tool to establish and reinforce the required therapeutic alliances between client and therapist, provide reassurance, ease anxiety, and enhance information gathering process required for an accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment plan (Wheeler, 2014).
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was developed in the sixties. It is still one of the most popular behavioral rating scales/instruments use today by clinicians to quickly gather information about the possible presence and severity of various psychiatric symptoms and to assess changes in symptoms in response to medications (Zanello et al., 2013). Originally, the BPRS was a 16-item scale, it was later extended to the standard 18-item version and currently expanded to a 24-item scale to measure additional aspects of schizophrenia symptoms thereby increasing its sensitivity to psychotic and affective disorders and to be used for patients living in the community (Shafer et al., 2017).
The 18-item BPRS assess the following symptoms: somatic concern, anxiety, emotional withdrawal, conceptual disorganization, guilt feelings, tension, mannerisms and posturing, grandiosity, depressive mood, hostility, suspiciousness, hallucinatory behavior, motor retardation, uncooperativeness, unusual thought content, blunted affect, excitement, and disorientation (Yee et al., 2017). The manual of administration of the 24-item BPRS offers a more detailed semi-structured interview with more probe questions for each symptom, and providing supplementary rules for the rating (e.g., delusions) including a well-defined anchor point (Zanello et al., 2013). The recent analysis of the 24-item BPRS produced a four-factor solution: Negative Symptoms, Positive Symptoms, Manic-hostility, and Anxiety–Depression (Zanello et al., 2013). The current BPRS is rated on a seven-point Likert-type scale. A rating of “1” indicates the absence of symptoms, ratings of “2–3” indicate “very mild” to “mild” symptoms that are considered to have nonpathological inte.
Physical activity and the prevention of depression
Attitudes Towards Antidepressants
1. Attitudes Towards Antidepressants
Emily Borkowski
Stevenson University, Stevenson, Maryland
Attitude is defined as the learned, relatively stable tendency to respond to people, concepts, and
events in an evaluative way (Gerrig and Zimbardo, 2002). The purpose of the current research
was to devise a reliable and valid scale that would accurately identify individual’s attitudes
towards antidepressant usage. An antidepressant is a medication used to treat various mental
disorders and illness such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic
stress disorder, etc. These medications look to balance the neurotransmitters that affect one’s
mood and emotions. The development of this research was influenced and inspired by past
research pertaining to, specifically, negative attitudes towards antidepressants; otherwise known
as stigmas towards antidepressants. This study looked to analyze the public’s attitudes towards
antidepressants and what factors may influence this attitude. It is hypothesized that little
exposure to antidepressants will lead a more negative attitude towards antidepressants. This
study fulfills the course requirement for Dr. Metzger’s PSY 380 course– Test and
Measurements.
Background Information
Introduction
Results Discussion
Boyd, J. E., Juanamarga, J., & Hashemi, P., (2015). Stigma of taking psychiatric medications
among psychiatric outpatient veterans. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 38(2), 132-134.
Corrigan, P., Kosyluk, K., Fokuo, J., Park, J. (2014). How does direct to consumer advertising
affect the stigma of mental illness? Community Mental Health Journal, 50(7), 792-799.
Gerrig, Richard J. & Philip G. Zimbardo (2002). Psychology And Life. Boston, Massachusetts:
Allyn and Bacon, Boston
Jacob, S. A., Hassali, M. A., & Rahman, A. F. (2015). Attitudes and beliefs of patients with chronic
depression toward antidepressants and depression. NDT Neuropsychiatric Disease and
Treatment, 1339.
Xu, Z., Müller, M., Heekeren, K., Theodoridou, A., Dvorsky, D., Metzler, S., Brabban, A.,
Corrigan, P., Walitza, S., Rössler, W., Rüsch, N. (2015). Self-labelling and stigma as predictors of
attitudes towards help-seeking among people at risk of psychosis: 1-year follow-up. Eur Arch
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 266(1),
79-82.
Test Construction Process References
During the literature review process, commonly occurring themes surfaced that identified
possible variables that may influence ones attitudes towards antidepressants:
Xu et al. (2015) examined how labeling and stigmas affect attitudes towards help-seeking in
young people. They discovered that an increased perceived stigma of mental illness and the
presence of cognitive appraisal of stigma functioned as a predictor for poorer attitudes towards
help-seeking and medications.
Boyd, Juanamarga, and Hashemi (2015) found that service members and veterans underutilize
mental health services and beneficial medications, such as antidepressants. This is said to be
contributed to fear of being judged and feeling embarrassed.
Jacob, Rahman, and Hassali (2015) discovered something a little different than the mentioned
studies above. After assessing 104 patients with chronic depression, these patients had a generally
positive attitude towards antidepressants. The negative attitudes in this study are believed to be
contributed to lack of knowledge and misconceptions of antidepressants.
With all this mention of negative attitudes and stigma towards antidepressants, there must be a
cause for such a global stigma. Corrigan, Kosyluk, Fokuo, and Park (2014) conducted a study in
which the results indicated that direct-to-consumer advertising of antidepressants increases
negative attitudes and stigmas towards antidepressants and mental illness. However, in turn, it
decreases negative attitudes of those self-identified as having a mental illness.
In sum, the commonly occurring themes of judgment and labeling appear to be a recurring affair
in the literature regarding attitude of antidepressants. This is believed to be influenced by direct-
consumer advertising and coequals in society. Lack of general knowledge is also said to be a
contributing factor to negative attitudes.
The construct of this study was molded and developed based on the commonly occurring
themes mentioned above. In addition to these themes, other variables included in this scale that
are thought to possibly influence attitudes of antidepressants include patient/doctor relationship,
personal experiences, experience of friends and family, and the attitudes of those around them.
The attitudes towards antidepressants scale was developed through concept mapping. The scale
developed for this study was a 12-item survey featuring 3 demographic questions. After
completing the first draft of this scale, it was then administered to other sections of Dr.
Metzger’s 380 courses– fulfilling the pilot study requirements that are necessary to ensure the
reliability of the scale. Feedback was provided and utilized in the final draft of the scale. The
final version of this survey was uploaded and administered online through Google Forms.
After receiving approval from the Stevenson University Institutional Review Board, the 12-item survey, with 3 demographics, was then uploaded to Google
Forms and administered online via social media resources. All persons 18 years of age or older were offered the opportunity to voluntarily participate in this
research. No inducements were given for participation. Informed consent from the participants (N = 688, Male = 89, Female = 592, Did not identify = 7),
ages 18-55 (mean age = 22.60), was obtained by acknowledging that continuing to the linked survey served as verification that they have read and
understood the details provided in the consent form.
For the demographics, participants were requested to type their age and select either “male” or “female” as being their gender. For the last demographic
question, participants must select “yes” or “no.”
For the 12-item scale, questions 1-3 requested participants select one of the following: “not applicable,” “strongly disagree,” “disagree,” “agree,” or
“strongly agree.” Questions 4-12 requested that participants select one of the following: “strongly disagree,” “disagree,” “agree,” or “strongly agree.”
.
Method
I have taken
antidepressants
Item Total
Correlation
Yes Mean
(N = 245)
No Mean
(N = 417)
-
1. My experience with a family member taking
antidepressants has been positive.
2.80 2.50 -
2. My experience with a friend taking
antidepressants has been positive.
2.86 2.68 -
3. My personal experience with antidepressants has
been positive.
2.69 2.28 -
4. (RV) I believe that people can become addicted
to antidepressants.
2.41 2.17 .295
5. I have often seen the media (movies, television
shows, etc.) portray the consumption of
antidepressants as being negative.
3.12 2.91 .180
6. If I were diagnosed with depression and
prescribed antidepressants, I would trust my doctors
diagnosis.
2.98 2.86 .582
7. I would take antidepressants if they were
prescribed to me.
3.04 2.81 .609
8. (RV) I would not take antidepressants because I
do not want to be labeled.
3.37 2.23 .506
9. (RV) I believe that as a society we are too
dependent on pharmaceutical solutions.
2.30 2.10 .115
10. If I thought that I was depressed, I would look
into getting a prescription for antidepressants.
2.72 2.40 .280
11. (RV) I identify those taking antidepressants as
having a serious mental issue.
3.10 2.88 .397
12. I know people that see those taking
antidepressants as having serious mental issues.
3.10 2.96 -.048
Table 1
Mean Results and Item Total Correlation of 12-Item Scale According
to Demographic Question “I have taken antidepressants”
* Higher mean scores indicate a higher positive attitude
* Questions 1 – 3 in addition to gender, age, and “I have taken antidepressants”
were treated as demographics
Considering the vast population size (N = 688), the results of this study are
perceived as being valid and reliable. With a Cronbach’s alpha of .63, the scale
was not as reliable as anticipated. However, if the Spearman Brown Prophecy
Formula is applied,
which is a predictive formula that determines the cronbach’s alpha of a test if the
length is doubled through a split-half method, then the reliability of this study
increases to .77.
The results of the attitudes towards antidepressants scale indicate that a history of
taking antidepressants is correlated to a positive attitude towards antidepressants.
There was a significant difference in attitude between those that have taken and
those that have not taken antidepressants, t (660) = 6.98. p<.001. This result
validates the construct of attitudes towards antidepressants.
There were a few limitations present in this study. The gender ratio in this study
was drastically unbalanced. Gender may potentially have an influence on attitude
towards antidepressants and could have offered more information regarding
attitudes had it been more equally distributed. Another limitation includes the
length of the scale. Based upon the Spearman Brown Prophecy Formula it is
known that lengthening the scale would bring about more reliable results.
Future research would benefit greatly in the re-wording and lengthening of this
scale. It would also be interesting to attempt to identify potential variables that
ones attitude towards antidepressants may be correlated with, such a social
desirability responses.