This document provides specifications for seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic stainless steel tubing for general service. It outlines requirements for the following:
- Chemical composition of various grades of tubing materials.
- Manufacturing process requirements including heat treatment procedures.
- Mechanical testing including tension tests, flaring/flanging tests, and hardness testing that must be conducted on the tubing lots.
- Nondestructive testing such as hydrostatic or electric testing that must be performed on each tube.
The document establishes standards for the materials, processing, testing and ordering of stainless steel tubing to ensure quality and proper composition for corrosion resistance and general service applications.
This specification covers two grades of steel rivets and bars used to manufacture the rivets for boilers and pressure vessels. Grade A bars have a minimum yield point of 23,000 psi with no carbon content controls, while Grade B bars have a minimum yield point of 29,000 psi with a maximum carbon content of 0.28%. The specification defines chemical composition requirements, mechanical properties for bending and tensile tests, permissible variations in dimensions for rivets and bars, inspection methods, certification processes, and other testing details.
The document summarizes international standards regarding weld proximity. Several standards specify minimum distances between weld toes, generally 4 times the thickness of the welded parts. BS 2633 states weld toes of adjacent butt welds on ferritic steel pipework should be at least 4 times the pipe thickness and to avoid attachment welds crossing existing welds closer than twice the thickness or 40mm. BS 4515 also specifies a minimum toe-to-toe distance of 4 times the pipe thickness for steel pipelines. BS 2971 notes appropriate precautions shall be agreed upon if more than two welded seams cannot be avoided on carbon steel pipework.
The document discusses a study to determine the necessary preheating temperatures in steel welding to avoid cold cracking. The study examined various welding tests and proposed a new carbon equivalent formula that more accurately assesses the susceptibility of steel to cold cracking. The formula takes into account elements like carbon, manganese, silicon, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, and vanadium. The study also proposed a cracking index to describe the probability of cold cracking occurring in steel welding. Based on the tests, the necessary preheating temperature to avoid cold cracking is determined by satisfying a criterion involving the cooling time to 100°C and a critical time calculated from the cracking index.
This document outlines specifications for steel castings made of austenitic manganese steel and alloy modifications. It specifies the chemical composition requirements, heat treatment processes, permissible repairs by welding, and optional supplementary testing requirements such as bend tests. The standard is intended to ensure castings meet requirements for toughness, ductility and other properties by specifying allowed chemical compositions and procedures for processing the material.
This document provides the specification for 39 grades of titanium and titanium alloy forgings according to ASME SB-381. It outlines the scope and grades covered, references related documents, defines terminology, and specifies ordering information, materials and manufacture, chemical composition requirements and tolerances, sampling methods for analysis, and tensile properties requirements. The specification is identical to ASTM Specification B381-10e1 and provides the standard requirements for titanium alloy forgings.
This document outlines specifications for structural steel intended for ship construction. It covers steel plates, shapes, bars, and rivets in various strength grades. The document specifies chemical composition requirements and acceptable manufacturing and heat treatment processes for each grade. It also provides requirements for ordering, chemical analysis, metallurgical structure, and impact testing based on steel grade and product thickness.
This document outlines testing requirements for forged steel components, including:
- Tension tests shall be conducted for each heat of forged components and each heat treating charge. When forgings of different shapes are heat treated together, the test is taken from the thickest forging.
- Hardness tests shall be conducted for each heat of forged components and for each batch or continuous heat treating run to ensure forgings are within specified hardness limits.
- Small forgings too small for standard tests may be accepted based on hardness testing of a sample of forgings from each heat or furnace charge.
This document provides specifications for welded large diameter austenitic steel pipe for corrosive or high-temperature service. It specifies requirements for materials, manufacture, chemical composition, ordering information, and general requirements. The document references other industry standards and provides tables of chemical requirements for different pipe grades. Purchase orders for pipe to these specifications should include quantity, name of material, grade, size, length, end finish, and any optional requirements.
This specification covers two grades of steel rivets and bars used to manufacture the rivets for boilers and pressure vessels. Grade A bars have a minimum yield point of 23,000 psi with no carbon content controls, while Grade B bars have a minimum yield point of 29,000 psi with a maximum carbon content of 0.28%. The specification defines chemical composition requirements, mechanical properties for bending and tensile tests, permissible variations in dimensions for rivets and bars, inspection methods, certification processes, and other testing details.
The document summarizes international standards regarding weld proximity. Several standards specify minimum distances between weld toes, generally 4 times the thickness of the welded parts. BS 2633 states weld toes of adjacent butt welds on ferritic steel pipework should be at least 4 times the pipe thickness and to avoid attachment welds crossing existing welds closer than twice the thickness or 40mm. BS 4515 also specifies a minimum toe-to-toe distance of 4 times the pipe thickness for steel pipelines. BS 2971 notes appropriate precautions shall be agreed upon if more than two welded seams cannot be avoided on carbon steel pipework.
The document discusses a study to determine the necessary preheating temperatures in steel welding to avoid cold cracking. The study examined various welding tests and proposed a new carbon equivalent formula that more accurately assesses the susceptibility of steel to cold cracking. The formula takes into account elements like carbon, manganese, silicon, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, and vanadium. The study also proposed a cracking index to describe the probability of cold cracking occurring in steel welding. Based on the tests, the necessary preheating temperature to avoid cold cracking is determined by satisfying a criterion involving the cooling time to 100°C and a critical time calculated from the cracking index.
This document outlines specifications for steel castings made of austenitic manganese steel and alloy modifications. It specifies the chemical composition requirements, heat treatment processes, permissible repairs by welding, and optional supplementary testing requirements such as bend tests. The standard is intended to ensure castings meet requirements for toughness, ductility and other properties by specifying allowed chemical compositions and procedures for processing the material.
This document provides the specification for 39 grades of titanium and titanium alloy forgings according to ASME SB-381. It outlines the scope and grades covered, references related documents, defines terminology, and specifies ordering information, materials and manufacture, chemical composition requirements and tolerances, sampling methods for analysis, and tensile properties requirements. The specification is identical to ASTM Specification B381-10e1 and provides the standard requirements for titanium alloy forgings.
This document outlines specifications for structural steel intended for ship construction. It covers steel plates, shapes, bars, and rivets in various strength grades. The document specifies chemical composition requirements and acceptable manufacturing and heat treatment processes for each grade. It also provides requirements for ordering, chemical analysis, metallurgical structure, and impact testing based on steel grade and product thickness.
This document outlines testing requirements for forged steel components, including:
- Tension tests shall be conducted for each heat of forged components and each heat treating charge. When forgings of different shapes are heat treated together, the test is taken from the thickest forging.
- Hardness tests shall be conducted for each heat of forged components and for each batch or continuous heat treating run to ensure forgings are within specified hardness limits.
- Small forgings too small for standard tests may be accepted based on hardness testing of a sample of forgings from each heat or furnace charge.
This document provides specifications for welded large diameter austenitic steel pipe for corrosive or high-temperature service. It specifies requirements for materials, manufacture, chemical composition, ordering information, and general requirements. The document references other industry standards and provides tables of chemical requirements for different pipe grades. Purchase orders for pipe to these specifications should include quantity, name of material, grade, size, length, end finish, and any optional requirements.
Copper Strip Corrossion Test in Various Aviation Fuelsinventy
This research work takes in to account of corrosiveness test on various aviation fuels in the state of Telengana (India). The purpose of this experiment is to determine the corrosiveness test of fuels. This determination will be accomplished by using copper strip corrosion test by using the copper strip experiment we can determine the corrosive property of the fuel and hence the efficiency of fuel. The research covers the importance of knowing the corrosive property of different petroleum fuels including aviation turbine fuel.
This document provides specifications for carbon steel forgings used in piping applications. It begins with an overview of the standard and its scope, which covers forged carbon steel components for piping systems like flanges, fittings and valves. It then references other relevant standards and provides requirements for ordering, chemistry, mechanical properties, heat treatment, testing, repair and other considerations. Key points covered include chemical composition limits, required tensile and hardness properties, conditions where heat treatment is mandatory, testing procedures, and allowances for repair welding with purchaser approval.
The document summarizes an analysis of welded joints of different metals. Three metals - mild steel, stainless steel, and galvanized iron - were welded together and subjected to heat treatment and corrosion testing. Hardness and tensile tests were conducted before and after corrosion to analyze the effect on mechanical properties. Heat treatment increased hardness but decreased ultimate tensile stress. Corrosion reduced hardness and tensile stress for all welded joints. Stainless steel showed the smallest reduction in properties after corrosion compared to mild steel and galvanized iron. Microstructural analysis also examined the base and welded metals before and after heat treatment.
1) The document discusses the boundary conditions and design considerations for vacuum chambers. It covers external and internal pressures, temperature ranges, material properties, and relevant construction codes.
2) Key factors include withstanding differential pressures of 1 bar, accommodating temperature changes from room temperature up to bake-out temperatures of 150-300°C, and choosing materials like stainless steel or aluminum alloys that don't outgas at low pressures and temperatures.
3) The document provides steps for calculating the minimum wall thickness of a cylindrical vacuum chamber according to the ASME pressure vessel code, selecting a thickness of 1.6mm to withstand full vacuum pressures.
ASTM A 519 Seamless mechanical tubing is manufactured from carbon and alloy steels for structural or other mechanical purposes involving machining or heat treating, where close tolerances, smooth finish, or definite physical properties are important factors. It is a cost effective alternative to DOM steel tubing.
1. This document outlines specifications for carbon steel girder rails of various types and classes, including requirements for chemical composition, physical properties, dimensions, workmanship, inspection, rejection, certification, acceptance, marking, loading, and procurement by the U.S. government.
2. It defines three classes of rails based on type, weight, and chemistry, and provides chemical composition requirements for each class in Table 1. Rails must pass physical property tests for impressions and meet dimensional, weight, drilling, and appearance standards.
3. The manufacturer must test each heat and provide certifications. The purchaser's inspector is allowed to verify production meets specifications. Rails not meeting standards may be rejected, though the manufacturer
Report and Analysis: Resulting Microstructures of Cooled Carbon SteelDeAndria Hardy
Report and Analysis of experiment which tested the mechanical properties and resulting microconstituents of carbon steel under various cooling conditions
Hardeninig of steel (Jominy test)-CoET- udsmmusadoto
The document describes a Jominy end-quench test experiment to measure the hardenability of two steel samples. Steel samples A and C were heated to the austenite temperature and quenched with water at one end. Hardness measurements using the Rockwell C scale were taken at intervals along the samples. Sample A showed little variation in hardness, while hardness decreased with distance from the quenched end for sample C. A graph of hardness versus distance revealed that sample A has higher hardenability, retaining hardness further from the quenched end. The hardenability indices at 50HRC were determined to be 2mm, 5mm, and 6.5mm from the graph.
This document discusses methods for estimating welding preheat requirements when the grade or composition of carbon or low-alloy steel is unknown. Key points:
- Oxygen cutting a sample of the unknown steel and measuring the maximum hardness of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) can help estimate preheat needs. Higher HAZ hardness indicates a higher preheat.
- Alloy content, including carbon percentage, affects weldability - higher carbon and alloy steels are more difficult to weld and require higher preheats to reduce HAZ cooling rates.
- Data from Jominy end-quenched hardness tests on known steel grades was used to correlate maximum HAZ hardness with the estimated temperature for
This document provides the specification for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) pipes used for potable water supplies. It covers requirements for both plain and socket-ended UPVC pipes. The document defines important terminology related to pipe dimensions and establishes classifications for pipes based on working pressure ratings at 27°C. It specifies composition of the pipes, permissible dimensions and tolerances, and required mechanical and physical properties. The document also describes various tests to be conducted on pipe samples including type tests and acceptance tests.
ASTM A519 SAE 4130 Seamless Tubing, ASME SA 519 Tubing manufacturers in China. Wuxi Xingye special steel is manufactured to produce carbon steel pipe and alloy steel tube
This document outlines specifications for carbon steel forgings intended for piping components between -20 to 650°F where inherent notch toughness is desired but notch toughness testing is not required. It specifies requirements for materials, manufacturing, heat treatment, chemical composition, mechanical properties, inspection, rejection criteria, certification, and marking. Forgings must conform to ASTM A961/A961M and meet chemical composition limits, tensile property limits, and maximum hardness of 187HB after heat treatment if quenched and tempered.
This document outlines various types of tests conducted on materials, including chemical, mechanical, ultrasonic, and galvanization tests. It describes the procedures for tensile, impact, temperature, and ultrasonic tests. Requirements for retests are provided in case of unsatisfactory initial test results. Finally, the document specifies test methods for visual inspection, adhesion, uniformity, and mass of zinc coating for galvanization tests.
This document provides a sample examination for the AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code - Steel. It contains 57 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of various requirements and qualifications within the AWS D1.1 code. The questions cover topics like welder certification requirements, prequalified welding processes, filler metal specifications, preheat and interpass temperature limits, weld joint fit-up tolerances, nondestructive testing qualifications, and inspection criteria.
The pressure switch has a die cast aluminum enclosure that conforms to IP65 protection standards. It uses a piston and housing to convert pressure into mechanical force, which is balanced by a spring. When the pressure force exceeds the spring force, an electrical contact is actuated. The switch can be mounted in various positions and features different mounting options like line mounting using threads or bolts. It has a single SPDT microswitch and terminals conforming to DIN 43650 standards. The set point is adjustable by loosening a grub screw and turning an external set screw while applying pressure.
This document summarizes Standard Specification A 105/A 105M for carbon steel forgings used in piping applications. It outlines the scope, covers chemical composition and mechanical property requirements, and references other relevant standards. Forgings must meet requirements for chemistry, mechanical properties, and heat treatment as specified in tables. Testing includes tension tests, hardness tests, and optional hydrostatic tests. Repair by welding is allowed if approved by the purchaser.
This document provides specifications for wrought carbon steel and alloy steel piping fittings intended for moderate and high temperature service. It defines the scope and standards that apply, including those for materials, manufacture, heat treatment, and quality. Fittings covered are made of seamless or welded construction per ASME and MSS standards and are intended for use in pressure piping and vessels from moderate to elevated temperatures.
Zhejiang Dewei Stainless Steel Pipe Industry CO., Ltd is one of the largest manufacturer of welded pipe and tube (stainless steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Nickel Alloys, Copper-NIckel Alloys) in east China. www.deweigroup.cn Contact: Simon Zhang Mobile/Whatsapp:+86 13586303108 Tel/Fax:+86 (0)573 89979557 / +86 (0)573 82219767 Email:youngadm@126.com
This document outlines specifications for carbon and alloy steel forgings used in high-pressure transmission piping systems. It describes the intended scope and grades of materials covered, as well as general requirements regarding chemical composition, mechanical properties, manufacturing processes, inspections, markings and certifications. Several steel grades with minimum yield strengths ranging from 42 to 70 ksi are defined based on their required tensile strength and elongation properties. The specification references other ASTM and industry standards for dimensional and chemical requirements and provides supplementary criteria that can be specified for special applications.
This document outlines specifications for wrought carbon steel and alloy steel piping fittings. It specifies requirements for materials, manufacture, testing, and quality of fittings. Fittings must conform to standards from organizations like ASME, ASTM, MSS, and AWS. They are intended for moderate and high temperature piping and pressure vessel applications. The specification references other common material standards to ensure fittings meet mechanical integrity for safe use.
ASME B16.5 ASTM A105 material, it is including the chemical composition, physical properties, mechanical properties, heat treatment, hydrostatic tests, surface finish, corrosion protection, pipingpipeline.com could used to carbon steel forging flanges, it include WN flanges, blind flanges, slip on flanges, socket weld flanges, plate flanges, orifice flanges, threaded flanges, Spectacle flanges, tailor flanges.
Zhejiang Dewei Stainless Steel Pipe Industry CO., Ltd is one of the largest manufacturer of welded pipe and tube (stainless steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Nickel Alloys, Copper-NIckel Alloys) in east China. www.deweigroup.cn Contact: Simon Zhang Mobile/Whatsapp:+86 13586303108 Tel/Fax:+86 (0)573 89979557 / +86 (0)573 82219767 Email:youngadm@126.com
Copper Strip Corrossion Test in Various Aviation Fuelsinventy
This research work takes in to account of corrosiveness test on various aviation fuels in the state of Telengana (India). The purpose of this experiment is to determine the corrosiveness test of fuels. This determination will be accomplished by using copper strip corrosion test by using the copper strip experiment we can determine the corrosive property of the fuel and hence the efficiency of fuel. The research covers the importance of knowing the corrosive property of different petroleum fuels including aviation turbine fuel.
This document provides specifications for carbon steel forgings used in piping applications. It begins with an overview of the standard and its scope, which covers forged carbon steel components for piping systems like flanges, fittings and valves. It then references other relevant standards and provides requirements for ordering, chemistry, mechanical properties, heat treatment, testing, repair and other considerations. Key points covered include chemical composition limits, required tensile and hardness properties, conditions where heat treatment is mandatory, testing procedures, and allowances for repair welding with purchaser approval.
The document summarizes an analysis of welded joints of different metals. Three metals - mild steel, stainless steel, and galvanized iron - were welded together and subjected to heat treatment and corrosion testing. Hardness and tensile tests were conducted before and after corrosion to analyze the effect on mechanical properties. Heat treatment increased hardness but decreased ultimate tensile stress. Corrosion reduced hardness and tensile stress for all welded joints. Stainless steel showed the smallest reduction in properties after corrosion compared to mild steel and galvanized iron. Microstructural analysis also examined the base and welded metals before and after heat treatment.
1) The document discusses the boundary conditions and design considerations for vacuum chambers. It covers external and internal pressures, temperature ranges, material properties, and relevant construction codes.
2) Key factors include withstanding differential pressures of 1 bar, accommodating temperature changes from room temperature up to bake-out temperatures of 150-300°C, and choosing materials like stainless steel or aluminum alloys that don't outgas at low pressures and temperatures.
3) The document provides steps for calculating the minimum wall thickness of a cylindrical vacuum chamber according to the ASME pressure vessel code, selecting a thickness of 1.6mm to withstand full vacuum pressures.
ASTM A 519 Seamless mechanical tubing is manufactured from carbon and alloy steels for structural or other mechanical purposes involving machining or heat treating, where close tolerances, smooth finish, or definite physical properties are important factors. It is a cost effective alternative to DOM steel tubing.
1. This document outlines specifications for carbon steel girder rails of various types and classes, including requirements for chemical composition, physical properties, dimensions, workmanship, inspection, rejection, certification, acceptance, marking, loading, and procurement by the U.S. government.
2. It defines three classes of rails based on type, weight, and chemistry, and provides chemical composition requirements for each class in Table 1. Rails must pass physical property tests for impressions and meet dimensional, weight, drilling, and appearance standards.
3. The manufacturer must test each heat and provide certifications. The purchaser's inspector is allowed to verify production meets specifications. Rails not meeting standards may be rejected, though the manufacturer
Report and Analysis: Resulting Microstructures of Cooled Carbon SteelDeAndria Hardy
Report and Analysis of experiment which tested the mechanical properties and resulting microconstituents of carbon steel under various cooling conditions
Hardeninig of steel (Jominy test)-CoET- udsmmusadoto
The document describes a Jominy end-quench test experiment to measure the hardenability of two steel samples. Steel samples A and C were heated to the austenite temperature and quenched with water at one end. Hardness measurements using the Rockwell C scale were taken at intervals along the samples. Sample A showed little variation in hardness, while hardness decreased with distance from the quenched end for sample C. A graph of hardness versus distance revealed that sample A has higher hardenability, retaining hardness further from the quenched end. The hardenability indices at 50HRC were determined to be 2mm, 5mm, and 6.5mm from the graph.
This document discusses methods for estimating welding preheat requirements when the grade or composition of carbon or low-alloy steel is unknown. Key points:
- Oxygen cutting a sample of the unknown steel and measuring the maximum hardness of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) can help estimate preheat needs. Higher HAZ hardness indicates a higher preheat.
- Alloy content, including carbon percentage, affects weldability - higher carbon and alloy steels are more difficult to weld and require higher preheats to reduce HAZ cooling rates.
- Data from Jominy end-quenched hardness tests on known steel grades was used to correlate maximum HAZ hardness with the estimated temperature for
This document provides the specification for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) pipes used for potable water supplies. It covers requirements for both plain and socket-ended UPVC pipes. The document defines important terminology related to pipe dimensions and establishes classifications for pipes based on working pressure ratings at 27°C. It specifies composition of the pipes, permissible dimensions and tolerances, and required mechanical and physical properties. The document also describes various tests to be conducted on pipe samples including type tests and acceptance tests.
ASTM A519 SAE 4130 Seamless Tubing, ASME SA 519 Tubing manufacturers in China. Wuxi Xingye special steel is manufactured to produce carbon steel pipe and alloy steel tube
This document outlines specifications for carbon steel forgings intended for piping components between -20 to 650°F where inherent notch toughness is desired but notch toughness testing is not required. It specifies requirements for materials, manufacturing, heat treatment, chemical composition, mechanical properties, inspection, rejection criteria, certification, and marking. Forgings must conform to ASTM A961/A961M and meet chemical composition limits, tensile property limits, and maximum hardness of 187HB after heat treatment if quenched and tempered.
This document outlines various types of tests conducted on materials, including chemical, mechanical, ultrasonic, and galvanization tests. It describes the procedures for tensile, impact, temperature, and ultrasonic tests. Requirements for retests are provided in case of unsatisfactory initial test results. Finally, the document specifies test methods for visual inspection, adhesion, uniformity, and mass of zinc coating for galvanization tests.
This document provides a sample examination for the AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code - Steel. It contains 57 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of various requirements and qualifications within the AWS D1.1 code. The questions cover topics like welder certification requirements, prequalified welding processes, filler metal specifications, preheat and interpass temperature limits, weld joint fit-up tolerances, nondestructive testing qualifications, and inspection criteria.
The pressure switch has a die cast aluminum enclosure that conforms to IP65 protection standards. It uses a piston and housing to convert pressure into mechanical force, which is balanced by a spring. When the pressure force exceeds the spring force, an electrical contact is actuated. The switch can be mounted in various positions and features different mounting options like line mounting using threads or bolts. It has a single SPDT microswitch and terminals conforming to DIN 43650 standards. The set point is adjustable by loosening a grub screw and turning an external set screw while applying pressure.
This document summarizes Standard Specification A 105/A 105M for carbon steel forgings used in piping applications. It outlines the scope, covers chemical composition and mechanical property requirements, and references other relevant standards. Forgings must meet requirements for chemistry, mechanical properties, and heat treatment as specified in tables. Testing includes tension tests, hardness tests, and optional hydrostatic tests. Repair by welding is allowed if approved by the purchaser.
This document provides specifications for wrought carbon steel and alloy steel piping fittings intended for moderate and high temperature service. It defines the scope and standards that apply, including those for materials, manufacture, heat treatment, and quality. Fittings covered are made of seamless or welded construction per ASME and MSS standards and are intended for use in pressure piping and vessels from moderate to elevated temperatures.
Zhejiang Dewei Stainless Steel Pipe Industry CO., Ltd is one of the largest manufacturer of welded pipe and tube (stainless steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Nickel Alloys, Copper-NIckel Alloys) in east China. www.deweigroup.cn Contact: Simon Zhang Mobile/Whatsapp:+86 13586303108 Tel/Fax:+86 (0)573 89979557 / +86 (0)573 82219767 Email:youngadm@126.com
This document outlines specifications for carbon and alloy steel forgings used in high-pressure transmission piping systems. It describes the intended scope and grades of materials covered, as well as general requirements regarding chemical composition, mechanical properties, manufacturing processes, inspections, markings and certifications. Several steel grades with minimum yield strengths ranging from 42 to 70 ksi are defined based on their required tensile strength and elongation properties. The specification references other ASTM and industry standards for dimensional and chemical requirements and provides supplementary criteria that can be specified for special applications.
This document outlines specifications for wrought carbon steel and alloy steel piping fittings. It specifies requirements for materials, manufacture, testing, and quality of fittings. Fittings must conform to standards from organizations like ASME, ASTM, MSS, and AWS. They are intended for moderate and high temperature piping and pressure vessel applications. The specification references other common material standards to ensure fittings meet mechanical integrity for safe use.
ASME B16.5 ASTM A105 material, it is including the chemical composition, physical properties, mechanical properties, heat treatment, hydrostatic tests, surface finish, corrosion protection, pipingpipeline.com could used to carbon steel forging flanges, it include WN flanges, blind flanges, slip on flanges, socket weld flanges, plate flanges, orifice flanges, threaded flanges, Spectacle flanges, tailor flanges.
Zhejiang Dewei Stainless Steel Pipe Industry CO., Ltd is one of the largest manufacturer of welded pipe and tube (stainless steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Nickel Alloys, Copper-NIckel Alloys) in east China. www.deweigroup.cn Contact: Simon Zhang Mobile/Whatsapp:+86 13586303108 Tel/Fax:+86 (0)573 89979557 / +86 (0)573 82219767 Email:youngadm@126.com
B16 c360 free-cutting brass rod, bar and shapes for use in screw machines1Yirlany Mesén Mejías
This document is an ASTM specification for free-cutting brass rod, bar and shapes. It establishes requirements for material composition, mechanical properties, dimensions, ordering information, and other testing and certification requirements. The material is Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000, containing 60-63% copper, 2.5-3.7% lead, and the remainder zinc. Requirements include tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness limits that vary based on shape and size. The specification references other ASTM standards and provides details for ordering, inspection, and certification to ensure products meet standards.
This document specifies requirements for steel pipes, tubes, and fittings intended for various applications including boilers, pressure vessels, and structural uses. It covers acceptable manufacturing methods, quality standards, testing requirements, and approval processes. Key points include:
- Pipes can be manufactured via seamless or welded processes and may be hot or cold finished. Welded pipes use electrical resistance, induction, or submerged arc welding depending on the steel grade.
- All pipes must have a workmanlike finish and be free of defects. They will undergo visual inspection, dimensional checks, and non-destructive testing as specified.
- Each pipe must pass a hydrostatic pressure test at the manufacturer. Test pressures vary according
1) This document provides specifications for carbon steel forgings used in piping applications. It covers dimensions, chemical composition, mechanical properties, heat treatment requirements, and referenced standards for flanges, fittings, valves, and other forged carbon steel piping components.
2) Forgings must meet chemical composition limits for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements as defined in Table 1. Mechanical properties including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and reduction of area must meet the minimum requirements in Tables 2 and 3.
3) Heat treatment is required for certain high pressure or large diameter components and must be annealing, normalizing, or quenching and tempering according to Specification A961.
This document provides specifications for carbon steel forgings used in piping applications. It begins with an overview and scope, noting that the specification covers forged carbon steel components like flanges, fittings, and valves. It then provides 3 sections summarizing key points:
1. General requirements and applicability of other specifications. It states the forgings must meet the requirements of Specification A961 and be made through forging as defined in A788.
2. Chemical composition and mechanical properties. It lists requirements for the steel chemistry and mechanical properties like tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation that must be met.
3. Tests and inspections. It describes required tension tests, hardness tests, and options for
This document summarizes ASTM standard A516, which establishes requirements for carbon steel plates intended for use in welded pressure vessels. It specifies four grades of steel plates with different strength levels and thickness limits. The standard references other ASTM standards and specifies chemical composition ranges, heat treatment requirements, tensile properties, and optional supplementary testing requirements that can be specified by the purchaser.
This document provides specifications for steel pipe, including:
1) It establishes chemical and mechanical property requirements for black and galvanized seamless and welded steel pipe in various nominal sizes.
2) It specifies acceptable steel manufacturing processes, pipe types (seamless, electric-resistance welded, furnace-welded), grades, finishes and dimensions.
3) It provides ordering information like specification designation, quantity, grade, type, size, end finish, certification and special requirements that should be included in purchase orders.
This document is the ASTM standard specification for carbon structural steel. It covers the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and testing requirements for carbon steel plates, shapes, and bars used in bridges, buildings, and other structural applications. Key points include:
- It specifies the chemical composition limits for carbon as well as other elements like manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur.
- The steel must meet minimum tensile strength properties when tested according to Section 8.
- It provides requirements for appurtenant materials like bolts, nuts, and castings that are used with the structural steel.
- Supplementary requirements for additional testing can be specified by the purchaser if needed for the intended use.
This document provides specifications for zinc coatings applied via hot-dip galvanizing of iron and steel products. It defines key terms, outlines ordering information requirements, and specifies materials, manufacturing processes, and properties of acceptable coatings. The coating thickness is required to meet minimum average grades in microns or mils based on the material category and steel thickness, with some allowance for individual specimens to be one grade below the minimum. Testing and inspection methods are referenced to ensure coatings meet specifications.
This document provides specifications for seamless copper water tube. It defines the scope of the standard, which covers dimensions, tolerances, and properties of Types K, L, and M copper water tubes. It specifies requirements for ordering, materials, chemical composition, tempers, mechanical properties, and performance, including expansion testing. Dimensions and tolerances for nominal tube sizes are provided in Table 1, while chemical composition limits for the copper types are in Table 2 and mechanical property requirements are in Table 3.
1. The document contains 40 multiple choice questions related to piping inspection codes and standards such as API 570.
2. The questions cover topics like allowable stresses, corrosion rates, NDE methods, weld quality, coating inspection, and piping material selection.
3. Correct answers are provided for some questions, referencing the relevant code sections.
This document is the Indian Standard for steel tubes, tubulars, and other steel pipe fittings. It outlines requirements for various steel pipe fittings including sockets, tubulars, elbows, tees, crosses, and other welded or seamless fittings. The standard specifies material composition limits, manufacturing processes, dimensional requirements for different fitting types, and testing methods. It is intended to ensure quality and consistency for steel pipe fittings used in water, gas, air and steam applications in India.
Zhejiang Dewei Stainless Steel Pipe Industry CO., Ltd is one of the largest manufacturer of welded pipe and tube (stainless steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Nickel Alloys, Copper-NIckel Alloys) in east China. www.deweigroup.cn
Contact: Simon Zhang
Mobile/Whatsapp:+86 13586303108
Tel/Fax:+86 (0)573 89979557 / +86 (0)573 82219767
Email:youngadm@126.com
This document is the Indian Standard for prestressed concrete pipes and specials. It lays out requirements and specifications for two types of prestressed concrete pipes - prestressed concrete cylinder pipes and prestressed concrete non-cylinder pipes. It covers materials, dimensions, tolerances, design criteria, testing procedures, and other technical details for the manufacture and use of these pipes. The standard was originally published in 1959 and revised in 1978 and 2001, with the latest revision incorporating modifications to design aspects, inclusion of design examples and inspection procedures, and an increased diameter range for the pipes.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
2. 8. Product Analysis
8.1 An analysis of either one billet or one length of
flat-rolled stock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The
chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the
requirements specified.
8.2 A product analysis tolerance (see the annex table on
Chemical Requirements (Product Analysis Tolerances) in
Specification A480/A480M) shall apply. The product analysis
tolerance is not applicable to the carbon content for material
with a specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less.
8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of
two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shall
be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet
the requirements of this specification; otherwise, all remaining
material in the heat shall be rejected or, at the option of the
producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for
acceptance. Billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes that do
not meet the requirements of this specification shall be re-
jected.
NOTE 1—For flange and flaring requirements, the term lot applies to all
tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness that are
produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a
batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size
and from the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge.
When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when heat
treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming, the
number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be
determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 3.
NOTE 2—For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot
applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall
thickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat
treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of
the same size and the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace
charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when
heat treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming,
a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the
same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed, or
all tubes of the same size and heat, hot formed and quenched in the same
production run.
9. Mechanical Tests Required
9.1 Tension Tests—One tension test shall be made on a
specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall
be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50
tubes (see Note 2).
9.2 Flaring Test (for Seamless Tubes)—One test shall be
made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot
(see Note 1) of finished tubes. The minimum expansion of the
inside diameter shall be 10 %.
9.3 Flange Test (for Welded Tubes)—One test shall be made
on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot (see Note
1) of finished tubes.
9.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall
be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot (see Note
2).
9.5 When more than one heat is involved, the tension,
flaring, flanging, and hardness test requirements shall apply to
each heat.
9.6 Reverse Flattening Test—For welded tubes, one reverse
flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each 1500 ft
[450 m] of finished tubing.
TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
UNS
DesignationB C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo N Cu Others
S31200 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 5.5–6.5 24.0–26.0 1.20–2.00 0.14–0.20 . . . . . .
S31260 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 0.75 5.5–7.5 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.10–0.30 0.20–0.80 W 0.10–0.50
S31500 0.030 1.20–2.00 0.030 0.030 1.40–2.00 4.3–5.2 18.0–19.0 2.50–3.00 0.05–0.1 . . . . . .
S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 21.0–23.0 2.5–3.5 0.08–0.20 . . . . . .
S32001 0.030 4.00–6.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.0–3.0 19.5–21.5 0.60 0.05–0.17 1.00 . . .
S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 3.0-4.0 19.5-22.5 1.50-2.00 0.14-0.20 . . . . . .
S32101 0.040 4.0-6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35-1.70 21.0-22.0 0.10-0.80 0.20-0.25 0.10-0.80 . . .
S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.00–2.80 21.5–24.0 0.45 0.18–0.26 . . . . . .
S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 22.0–23.0 3.0–3.5 0.14–0.20 . . . . . .
S32304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.0–5.5 21.5–24.5 0.05–0.60 0.05–0.20 0.05–0.60 . . .
S32506 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.015 0.90 5.5–7.2 24.0–26.0 3.0–3.5 0.08–0.20 . . . W 0.05–0.30
S32520 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 0.80 5.5–8.0 23.0–25.0 3.–5. 0.20–0.35 0.50–3.00 . . .
S32550 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5–6.5 24.0–27.0 2.9–3.9 0.10–0.25 1.50–2.50 . . .
S32707 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.50 5.5–9.5 26.0–29.0 4.0–5.0 0.30–0.50 1.0 max Co 0.5–2.0
S32750C
0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 0.24–0.32 0.50 . . .
S32760D
0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–4.0 0.20–0.30 0.50–1.00 W 0.50–1.00
S32808 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.010 0.50 7.0–8.2 27.0–27.9 0.80–1.20 0.30–0.40 . . . W 2.10–2.50
S32900 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 2.5–5.0 23.0–28.0 1.00–2.00 . . . . . . . . .
S32906 0.030 0.80–1.50 0.030 0.030 0.80 5.8–7.5 28.0 –30.0 1.50–2.60 0.30–0.40 0.80 . . .
S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.5–5.2 26.0–29.0 1.00–2.50 0.15–0.35 . . . . . .
S33207 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.80 6.0–9.0 29.0–33.0 3.0–5.0 0.40–0.60 1.0 . . .
S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.24–0.32 0.20–0.80 W 1.50–2.50
S39277 0.025 0.80 0.025 0.002 0.80 6.5–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.00–4.00 0.23–0.33 1.20–2.00 W 0.80–1.21
S82011 0.030 2.0–3.0 0.040 0.020 1.00 1.00–2.00 20.5–23.5 0.10–1.00 0.15–0.27 0.50 . . .
S82441 0.030 2.50–4.00 0.035 0.005 0.70 3.0–4.5 23.0–25.0 1.00–2.00 0.20–0.30 0.10–0.80
A
Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined
or reported.
B
Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo + 16 × % N $ 41.
D
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo + 16 × % N $ 40.
A789/A789M − 16
2
3. 10. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test
10.1 Each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive
electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used
shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise
specified in the purchase order.
10.2 The hydrostatic test shall be in accordance with Speci-
fication A1016/A1016M, except that in the calculation of the
hydrostatic test pressure 64000(441.2) shall be substituted for
32000(220.6).
11. Tensile and Hardness Properties
11.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
properties prescribed in Table 4.
12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
12.1 Variations in outside diameter, wall thickness, and
length from those specified shall not exceed the amounts
prescribed in Table 5.
12.2 The permissible variations in outside diameter given in
Table 5 are not sufficient to provide for ovality in thin-walled
tubes, as defined in the table. In such tubes, the maximum and
minimum diameters at any cross section shall deviate from the
nominal diameter by no more than twice the permissible
variation in outside diameter given in Table 5; however, the
mean diameter at that cross section must still be within the
given permissible variation.
13. Surface Condition
13.1 All tubes shall be free of excessive mill scale, suitable
for inspection. A slight amount of oxidation will not be
considered as scale. Any special finish requirements shall be
subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the pur-
chaser.
14. Product Marking
14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
A1016/A1016M, the marking shall indicate whether the tubing
is seamless or welded and the wall designation (average wall or
minimum wall).
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment
UNS Designation Temperature °F [°C] Quench
S31200 1920–2010
[1050–1100]
rapid cooling in water
S31260 1870–2010
[1020–1100]
rapid cooling in air or water
S31500 1800–1900
[980–1040]
rapid cooling in air or water
S31803 1870–2010
[1020–1100]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32001 1800–1950
[982–1066]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32003 1850–2050
[1010–1120]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32101 1870 [1020] min quenched in water or rapidly
cooled by other means
S32202 1870–1975
[1020–1080]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32205 1870–2010
[1020–1100]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32304 1700–1920
[925–1050]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32506 1870–2050
[1020–1120]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32520 1975–2050
[1080–1120]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32550 1900
[1040] min
rapid cooling in air or water
S32707 1975–2050
[1080–1120]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32750 1880–2060
[1025–1125]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32760 1960–2085
[1070–1140]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32808 1920–2100
[1050–1150]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32900 1700–1750
[925–955]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32906 1870–2100
[1020–1150]
rapid cooling in air or water
S32950 1820–1880
[990–1025]
air cool
S33207 1905–2085
[1040–1140]
rapid cooling in water
or by other means
S39274 1920–2060
[1025–1125]
rapid cooling in air or water
S39277 1975–2155
[1080–1180]
rapid cooling in air or water
S82011 1850–2050
[1010–1120]
rapid cooling in air or water
S82441 1830 [1000] min rapid cooling in air or water
TABLE 3 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the
Continuous Process or by Direct Quench after Hot Forming
Size of Tube Size of Lot
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter
and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over
in wall thickness
not more than 50 tubes
Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4
mm] in outside diameter or over 1 in.
[25.4 mm] in outside diameter and under
0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in wall thickness
not more than 75 tubes
1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes
A789/A789M − 16
3
4. 15. Keywords
15.1 duplex stainless steel; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel;
seamless steel tube; stainless steel tube; steel tube; welded steel
tube
TABLE 4 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsA
UNS Designation
Tensile
Strength,
min, ksi
[MPa]
Yield
Strength,
min, ksi
[MPa]
Elongation
in 2 in. or
50 mm,
min, %
Hardness, max
HBW HRC
S31200 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 280 . . .
S31260 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S31500 92 [630] 64 [440] 30 290 30
S31803 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32001 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32003B
100 [690] 70 [485] 25 290 30
S32101
Wall # 0.187 in.
[5.00 mm]
101 [700] 77 [530] 30 290 . . .
Wall > 0.187 in.
[5.00 mm]
94 [650] 65 [450] 30 290 . . .
S32202 94 [650] 65 [450] 30 290 30
S32205 95 [655] 70 [485] 25 290 30
S32304
OD 1 in. [25 mm] and
Under 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 . . . . . .
OD over 1 in. [25 mm] 87 [600] 58 [400] 25 290 30
S32506 90 [620] 65 [450] 18 302 32
S32520 112 [770] 80 [550] 25 310 . . .
S32550 110 [760] 80 [550] 15 297 31
S32707 133 [920] 101 [700] 25 318 34
S32750 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 300 32
S32760 109 [750] 80 [550] 25 310 32
S32808 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 32
S32900 90 [620] 70 [485] 20 271 28
S32906
Wall below 0.40 in.
[10 mm]
116 [800] 94 [650] 25 300 32
Wall 0.40 in. [10 mm]
and above
109 [750] 80 [550] 25 300 32
S32950 100 [690] 70 [480] 20 290 30
S33207
Wall below 0.157 in.
[4 mm]
138 [950] 112 [770] 15 336 36
Wall 0.157 in.
[4 mm] and above
123 [850] 101 [700] 15 336 36
S39274 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 32
S39277 120 [825] 90 [620] 25 290 30
S82011
Wall 0.187 in.
[5.00 mm] and below
101 [700] 75 [515] 30 293 31
Wall above
0.187 in.
[5.00 mm]
95 [655] 65 [450] 30 293 31
S82441
Wall below 0.40 in.
[10 mm]
107 [740] 78 [540] 25 290 . . .
Wall 0.40 in. [10 mm]
and above
99 [680] 70 [480] 25 290 . . .
A
For tubing smaller than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter, the elongation
values given for strip specimens in Table 4 shall apply. Mechanical property
requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in outside
diameter or with walls thinner than 0.015 in. [0.4 mm].
B
Prior to A789/A789M–04, the values for S32003 were 90 ksi tensile strength and
65 ksi yield strength.
A789/A789M − 16
4
5. SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order.
S1. Pneumatic Test
S1.1 The tubing shall be examined by a pneumatic test
(either air underwater or pneumatic leak test) in accordance
with Specification A1016/A1016M.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A789/A789M–14, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 1, 2016)
(1) Increased maximum hardness for UNS S32760 in Table 4
to 310 HBW and added an HRC maximum of 32.
TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Group
Size, Outside
Diameter, in.
[mm]
Permissible Variations
in Outside Diameter,
in. [mm]
Average WallD
Permissible Variations
in Wall Thickness,A
%
Minimum WallE
Permissible
Variations
in Wall Thickness,A
%
Permissible
Variations in
Cut Length, in.B
[mm]
Thin Walled
TubesC
Over Under Over Under
1 Up to 1⁄2 [12.7], excl ±0.005 [0.13] ±15 30 0 1⁄8 [3] 0 . . .
2 1⁄2 to 11⁄2 [12.7 to 38.1], excl ±0.005 [0.13] ±10 20 0 1⁄8 [3] 0 less than 0.065 in.
[1.6 mm] specified
3 11⁄2 to 31⁄2 [38.1 to 88.9], excl ±0.010 [0.25] ±10 20 0 3⁄16 [5] 0 less than 0.095 in.
[2.4 mm] specified
4 31⁄2 to 51⁄2 [88.9 to 139.7], excl ±0.015 [0.38] ±10 20 0 3⁄16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in.
[3.8 mm] specified
5 51⁄2 to 8 [139.7 to 203.2], incl ±0.030 [0.76] ±10 20 0 3⁄16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in.
[3.8 mm] specified
A
When tubes as ordered require wall thicknesses 3⁄4 in. [19 mm] or over, or an inside diameter 60 % or less of the outside diameter, a wider variation in wall thickness
is required. On such sizes a variation in average wall thickness of 12.5 % over or under, or a variation in minimum wall thickness of 25.0 % over and 0 % under, shall be
permitted.
For tubes less than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in inside diameter that cannot be successfully drawn over a mandrel, the average wall thickness may vary ±15 % from that specified
or the minimum wall thickness may vary by +30 %, –0 % from that specified.
B
These tolerances apply to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft [7.3 m]. For lengths greater than 24 ft [7.3 m], the above over-tolerances shall be increased by 1⁄8 in. [3
mm] for each 10 ft [3 m] or fraction thereof over 24 ft or 1⁄2 in. [13 mm], whichever is the lesser.
C
Ovality provisions of 12.2 apply.
D
Applicable to tubing specified as average wall (see 3.1.4).
E
Applicable to tubing specified as minimum wall (see 3.1.4).
A789/A789M − 16
5
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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
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A789/A789M − 16
6