The document provides guidance on evaluating information sources using the CRAAP test - an acronym for Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. It presents examples of short passages from various information sources and poses questions to help apply the CRAAP evaluation criteria to determine which source would be most suitable for different research purposes. The overall document aims to teach students how to choose appropriate research materials by critically evaluating sources.
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1Running head OBESITY IN MIDWESTERN CHILDREN.docxherminaprocter
1
Running head: OBESITY IN MIDWESTERN CHILDREN
Obesity in Midwestern Adolescents
NR222: Health and Wellness
January 2019
Obesity in Midwestern Adolescents
It is no secret that obesity in America is at an alarming level and although we see its prevalence in adults, we often fail to discuss its rising rates within adolescents. Children are now facing the possibility of higher mortality rates, when in reality, children should be living longer than their parents. With obesity striking Midwestern communities, this paper aims to focus on understanding why children in these communities are at a higher risk and what actions are needed to help them overcome this harmful life style. This is incredibly important in order to restore and maintain health. Children who are obese have a higher comorbidity for chronic diseases that typically only affect adults such as, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia as well as psychological disorders. This stresses the importance that adolescents should be happy and healthy, not a statistic.
Target Population: Midwestern Adolescents
To be considered as this paper’s target population an individual must meet two criteria: the person must reside in the American Midwest and be an adolescent. The State of Obesity (2016-17) ranks all fifty states against one another in obesity. Although the rankings are not confined to adolescents, it highlights where midwestern states stand in relation to the rest of the United States. The lower the number next to the state, higher portion of the population is obese : 6. Ohio (18.6%), 10. Iowa (17.7%), 11. Indiana (17.5%), 12. Michigan (17.3%), 17. Illinois (16.2%), 23. Nebraska (15.5%), 31. Wisconsin (14.3%), 34. South Dakota (13.6%), 38. Kansas (13.0%), 40. Missouri (12.7%), 42. North Dakota (12.5%) and 48. Minnesota (10.4%).These statistics provide an overview of midwestern obesity, let us now turn to risk factors contributing to adolescent specific obesity. The goal of Healthy People 2020 is to increase life expectancy and quality of life. According to their website, 1 in 6 children and adolescents are obese. That number is concerning because many adolescents do not understand the consequences of their actions and how it can be detrimental later on in their adult years. Healthy People 2020 initiatives are aimed in helping adolescents in 1. achieving and maintaining a healthy weight, 2. Reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke, 3. Reduce the risk of certain forms of cancer, 4. Strengthen muscles, bones and joints and 5. Improve mood and energy level (Healthy People 2020, n.d.).According to Stanford Children’s Health (n.d.),one of the biggest contributors to adolescent obesity is excessive food intake which results in a surplus of caloric intake. A diet that is high in sugar and fat, as well as processed, will result in weight gain. As busy parents tend to their kids and their extracurriculars, eating on the go often results in poor food and bev.
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3. When was the information
published or posted?
Has the information been revised
or updated?
Is the information current or out-
of date for your topic?
4. Bruch, Hilde,
M.D. "Emotional Aspects of
Obesity in Children." Pediatric
annals 4.5 (1975): 91-9.
ProQuest. Web.
The lot of fat children is a sad
one. They are bashful and
ashamed of their shapeless
figures yet unable to conceal
them. Wherever they go, they
attract attention because they
look ungainly, awkward, and
slow.
Lunau, Kate. "Sugar
Overload." Maclean's. 12 May
2014: n.p. SIRS Issues
Researcher. Web.
Childhood obesity, has risen
significantly in the past few
decades. Obesity is now seen in
babies as young as six months
old, and it's become a global
crisis.“ This article addresses the
"growing alarm about sugar,"
noting that "it seems to be
spurring on not only obesity, but
other plagues of modern society
like heart disease and diabetes
You need to write a paper on the
rising obesity in children. Which one
of these articles do you think will be
the most useful
A B
5. Is the information at an appropriate
level (i.e. not too elementary or too
advanced for your needs)?
Is the information significant to your
topic?
How comprehensive or in-depth is the
discussion of the topic?
6. “ Health Disparities: A
Case for Closing the Gap."
Health Disparities: A Case for
Closing the Gap. 09 Jun. 2009:
1-5. SIRS Government Reporter.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
Low-income Americans and
racial and ethnic minorities
experience disproportionately
higher rates of disease, fewer
treatment options, and reduced
access to care. This article
highlights the "disparities in
health care" and stresses the
need for reform
Azar, Kristen M., et al.
"Festival Foods in the Immigrant
Diet." Journal of Immigrant and
Minority Health 15.5 (2013):
953-60. ProQuest. Web. 28 Feb.
2015.
We explore the role that festival
foods, those foods that were
once eaten a few times a year
and on special occasions, play in
the regular diet of immigrants to
the US. This paper will focus on
the overconsumption of ethnic
festival foods.
You’re writing a paper on ethnic
minorities and nutrition. Which
article is more relevant?
A B
7. Who is the
author/publisher/source/sponsor?
Are the author's credentials or
organizational affiliations given?
Is there contact information, such
as a publisher or e-mail address?
8. McBride, Judy. "Can
Foods Forestall Aging?."
Agricultural Research. Feb.
1999: 15-17. SIRS Issues
Researcher. Web. 27 Feb. 2015.
Studies at the Jean Mayer USDA
Human Nutrition Research
Center on Aging at Tufts
University in Boston suggest
that consuming fruits and
vegetables with a high-ORAC
[Oxygen Radical Absorbance
Capacity] value may help slow
the aging process in both body
and brain
Hermann, Mindy.
"Foods that Fight Aging." Family
Circle May 12 1992: 122. ProQuest.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015 .
Choosing the right foods can help
a person stave off wrinkles, keep
thinking skills sharp and avoid
age-related illnesses. Ten foods
that can make one look and feel
better and that may add years to
one's life are presented.
You’re writing a paper on aging
and food. Which article is more
authoritative?
BA
9. Is the source well-documented? Does
it include footnotes or a bibliography?
Has the information been reviewed or
referred?
Are there spelling, grammar, or other
typographical errors?
10. “ “Consumption Linked
to Lower Test Score Gains in 8th
Graders." US Fed News Service.
23 Dec. 2014: n.p. SIRS Issues
Researcher. Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
The amount of fast food children
eat may be linked to how well
they do in school, suggests an
Ohio State University study.
Bibliography includes the Clinical
Pediatrics journal.
Sostek, Anya. "The
Problem with Pizza." Pittsburgh
Post-Gazette. 19 Jan. 2015: A.1.
SIRS Issues Researcher. Web.
28 Feb. 2015
It's a slice of warm, cheesy
goodness that's an inescapable
part of childhood--from school
cafeterias to birthday parties to
family dinners. But it’s making
people fat. Over consumption of
pizza is examined
Using the above criteria, which of
these articles do you think is spot-on
accurate?
A B
11. Is the author’s purpose to inform,
persuade, teach, or entertain?
Is the information supported by
evidence?
Are there political, ideological, cultural,
religious, institutional, or personal
biases?
12. Kelland, Kate.
"Fad Diets Can Work, but
Experts Find No Magic
Slimming Bullet." Reuters
Media. 10 Jan. 2014: n.p.
SIRS Issues Researcher.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
This article examines
evidence suggesting that
"popular weight loss diets"
can be effective, but they
require hard work.
Braff, Danielle.
"Eating Up Fad Diets Puts
Your Health at Risk." Chicago
Tribune. 16 Jul. 2014: 2.
SIRS Issues Researcher.
Web. 28 Feb. 2015.
Nutritionists are warning
people that these seemingly
healthy eating fads aren't as
good as they sound, and
they want people to stop
jumping on the all-or-nothing
bandwagon diets, stat.
You’re working on a paper about
dieting. Your topic states that
excluding certain foods can be an
effective weight loss method.
Which article fits your purpose?
A B
13. Analysis
•Students need
to evaluate
sources
Design
•SLO Able to
choose suitable
material on their
search topic, using
appropriate criteria
Develop
• CRAAP
• Interactive
PPT
Implement
• Tutorial
• Via
Blackboard
Evaluate
•Formative
•Class
14. CRAAP – developed by Meriam Library California State University, Chico
Bernnard, D., Bobish, G., Bullis, D., Hecker, J., Holden, I., Hosier, A., … Loney,
T. (2014). The Information Literacy User’s Guide: An Open, Online Textbook.
(G. Bobish & T. Jacobson, Eds.). Open SUNY Texbooks. Retrieved from
http://opensuny.org/omp/index.php/SUNYOpenTextbooks/catalog/book/
170
15. Write down a
sentence or two
stating why you think
this is the correct
answer and bring it
to class.
Let’s talk about it!
Return
Editor's Notes
Ok you have a topic and you’ve started your research but how do you know if what you’ve collected is any good?
We’re going to use the CRAAP Method to evaluate your sources. There’s C for Currency, R for relevancy, A for authority another A for accuracy and P for Purpose.
Currency is the first criteria. Some points you need to pay attention to are: When was the information published, Has the information been updated and does your topic need current information?
Relevancy is understanding what information meets your subject needs. Is the information too elementary or advanced? Which resources are most applicable to your topic? Does it provide enough information?
Authority is understanding your sources’ focus. Is the person qualified to publicize this knowledge? Are the author’s credentials given? Can you contact them if needed?
Accuracy is determining if your source is correct and truthful. Does it have documentation? Has it been edited or peer reviewed? Are there glaring errors?
Purpose is understanding why this source was created in the first place. Does the author wish to inform, persuade or entertain? Is the source supported by facts? Is it biased in some way?