hmbmioew
hfÀt¯−Xnsâ
BhiyIX
BapJw
amknIhpw ImbnIhpamb Hcp {]hÀ¯amWvv
hmb. AycpsS `mjWw AÀ°t_m[t¯msS {Kln¡m³
]mI¯npÅ {ihWin£Whpw kzbw Bibw Imcy£aamb
coXnbn hmNnIambn {]ISn¸n¡m³ klmbIamb hNNin£Ww
tSp¶p F¶m enJnX cq]¯nepÅ Imcy§Ä {Kln¡mpÅ
ss]pWnbmWv hmb. Adnhnsâ hnimeaÞe¯nte¡v t½
bn¡p¶Xv hmbbmWv. ]pXnb Bib§Ä DÄs¡mÅmåw
]gabn amä§Ä BhiyamsW¦n Ah hcp¯måw hmb
IqSnsb Xocp. Nncn¡måw PohoXmå`h§fnte¡v ]pÀPohn¡måw
bYmÀ°PohnX¯n n¶p c£s¸Småw aäpÅhcpsS
ssh¡mcnIPohnXw BkzZn¡måw mw Pohn¡p¶ temIs¯¸än
Adnbphmåw ]dbphmåw hmbbpsS apJy[À½§fmbn KthjIÀ
]dªn«půmWv. amknIhpw ImbnIhpamb {]hÀ¯w
Xs¶bmWv hmb. I®pIfmWv hmbbpsS apJymhbhw.
I®pIÄÄ Hcp hm¡n n¶p asämcp hm¡nte¡v AXnthKw
o§Ww. Bibw aknem¡måw, ]T¯n XmÂ]cyw hfÀ¯måw,
Nn´bpsS hnIkw `mjm{]mhnWyw kzm[ohpw,
kmlnXymkzmZhpw, kmwkvImcnIhnIkw, D¯aIyXnIfpsS
XncsªSp¸v enJnXcq]¯nepÅ AÀ°hpw i_vZip²nbpw
sshImcnI khntijXIfpw hcp¯n aäpÅhsc hmbn¨pt-
Iĸn¡pI F¶n§sbpÅ FÃm {]hÀ¯§Ä¡pw hmb
BhiyamWv. AXnm hmbioew hfÀt¯−Xv AnhmcyamWv....
A]{KYw
FgpXnbtXm A¨Sn¨sXm Bb tcJIfnÂ
n¶p Bib§Ä DÄs¡mÅp¶XnmWv hmb F¶p ]dbp¶Xv.
Bib§Ä kzbw aknem¡p¶Xnåw aäpÅhsc [cn¸n¡måw hmb
D]Icn¡p¶p. Dds¡ hmbn¨m Ip«nIÄ¡v Bµmå`qXn D−mIpw
AtXmsSm¸w `mj]camb {]mKÂ`yw hÀ[n¡p¶p.
D¨mcWmhbh§fpsS icnbmb ]cnioe¯nåw amwkt]inIfpsS
icnbmb Ne¯nåw Dds¡ hmbn¡p¶Xv {]tbmPs¸Sp¶p.
Bib{KlW¯nåw ]TtXmSpÅ Ip«nIfpsS XmÂ]cyw
hfÀ¯p¶Xnåw hmb klmbIcamWv. F¶m hmb¡v XSkw
n¡p¶ Nne LS§fp−v. Img¨i¡XnbpsS sshIeyw, {ihW¡pdhv,
`mjWsshIey§Ä, A]cnNnXamb ]Z§fpsS XSkw,
iÐapbÀ¯nbpÅ hmb F¶o LSI§Ä hmb¡v XSkambn
hÀ¯n¡p¶p. Ch Is−¯n ]cnlcn¡p¶XneqsS hmb
hfÀ¯nsbSp¡m³ km[n¡p¶p.
hmbbpsS hXykvX Xe§Ä
{ihyhmb, auhmb F¶o kwPRIÄ
hmbn¡p¶ enJnX`mj kqNn¸n¡p¶p. iÐw D¨cn¡s¸SpIsbm
CÃtbm F¶mWv CXneqsS aknem¡m³ km[n¡p¶Xv. Ccp
hmbIfpsSbpw Dt±iyw Bib{KlWamWv. hmbbpsS A´naamb
e£yw F¶p hym]Iamb {KÙ]mcbW¯nåÅ XmÂ]cyw
hfÀ¯pIbpw AXv ioeambn hnIkn¸n¡pIbpamWv. Ip«nIfpsS
nehmc¯nå AåtbmPyamb `mj, {]Xn]mZcoXn, ssZÀLyw
XpS§nb Imcy§Ä {i²n¨pthWw {KÙ§Ä XncsªSp¡m³. Ah
hmbn¡måÅ t{]cW Ip«nIÄ¡v ÂIWw. ]TkµÀ`§fpambn
_Ôs¸Sp¯n Ahbnte¡v Ip«nbpsS {i²sb Xncn¡pIbpw thWw.
C§s hmbmioew hfÀ¯mw..
hmb hfÀ¯mw
Zyiy{ihyam[ya§fpsS D]tbmKw hmbsb
Imcy£aambn _m[n¡p¶p. hmb Ipdbp¶XnåÅ {][m ImcWw
Xs¶ CXmWv. Ip«nIfpsS IgnhpIsf hfÀ¯nsbSp¡m³ Cu
Zyiy{ihzam[ya§Ä klmbn¡p¶nÃ. AhcpsS DÅ IgnhpIsf
ASn¨aÀ¯pIbmWv sN¿p¶Xv. AXnm Ip«nIÄ¡v kzbw
{]hÀ¯§Ä sN¿måÅ XmÂ]cy§Ä IpdbpIbpw sN¿p¶p.
F¶m hmbn¡p¶XneqsS [mcmfw Adnhp--Isf kzoIcn¡måw ]pXnb
]Z§fpw ssienIfpw Adnbp¶Xnåw klmbIamWv. hmbbpsS
A`mhw apew Ip«nIfn Bib{KlWtijnbpw Nn´mtijnbpw
Ipdbp¶tXmsSm¸w imcocnIhpw amknIhpamb IgphpIÄ
aµo`hn¡p¶p. D¯aamb {KÙ§fpsS ]mcmbWw Ip«nIfnÂ
hmbmioew hfÀ¯m³ klmbn¡p¶p..
hmbbpsS {]tXyIXIÄ
AycpsS kw`mjWw AÀ°t_m[t¯mSbpw
AÀ°]qÀ®XtbmsSbpw {Kln¡m³ ]mI¯nepÅ {ihWin£Whpw
kz´w Bibw Imcy£aamb coXnbn hmNnIambn {]ISn¸n¡m³
klmbIamb hNin£Whpw mw BÀPvPn¡Ww hmbbpsS
kzm[os¯¸än [mcmfw ]T§Ä S¶n«p−v. hmbn¡p¶
cmjv{S§fmWv temIs¯ bn¡p¶ cmjv{S§Ä F¶mWv ]dbp¶Xv.
½psS I®pIÄ HcpXhW XcWw sN¿p¶ ssZÀLy¯nå
bhnkvXyXn F¶pw XpSÀ¶pÅ nÀ¯enå bØncWw F¶pw
]dbp¶p. Bibw aknem¡pI, ]T¯n XmÂ]cyw hfÀ¯pI,
Úm k¼mZw, Nn´bpsS hnIkw hmbbpsS e£y§fmWv.
ssZwZnPohnX¯n hmbbv¡v hfsc henb {]m[myap−v..
hmbbpsS e£y§Ä
hmb F¶ kwÚ Bib{KlW¯nå hfsc
{]m[myw ÂIp¶p. BgtadnbXpw ]c¸mÀ¶Xpw
Dt±iym[njvTnXhpamb hmbb¡v IgnhpIfpsS t]mjWw
AnhmcyamWvv. aebmfw A£tcm¨mcI`mjbmbXXpsIm−v
A£cmhXcWcoXn Ahew_n¨m D¨mcWhpw hmbbpw teJhpw
IqSpXÂ ^e{]ZamIpw. hmb A`ykn¸n¡m³ cp coXn-Ifp−v.
bpàyåkyXcoXnIfpw aimkv{XmåkyXcoXnIfpw hmbbv¡v
XSkw n¡p¶ LSI§fp−v. ImgvNiànbpsS sshIeyw,
{ihW¡pdhv, `mjW sshIey§Ä, ]Zmå]Zhmbt]mepÅ
Aimkv{XnbcoXnIÄ, A]cnNnX]Z§Ä hcp¯p¶ XSkw
iÐapbÀ¯nbpÅ hmb F¶nhbmWv B LSI§Ä. hmbmioew
Ip«nIfn hfÀ¯nsbSpt¡Xv Hcp AXymhiyLSIamWv. hmbbpsS
A`mhw Ip«nIfpsS `mhnPohnXs¯ Xs¶ amänadn¡pw.
Nn´mtijnbpw. Bib{KlWtijnbpw hfcmåw imcocnIhpw
amknIhpamb hfÀ¨bv¡pw hmb BhiyamWv..
D]kwlmcw
nXyPohnX¯n hmbbv¡v hfsctbsd
{][myap−v. hmbbneqsS Nn´n¡måÅ Ignhv Ip«nIÄ¡v
e`n¡p¶p IqSmsX Adnhns hfÀ¯phmåw ]pXnb AdnhpIÄ
kzoIcn¡måw hmbmioew Ipdªphcp¶XmWv ImWp¶Xv. AXv
amänsbSp¡m³ mw Hmtcmcp¯cpw ]c{ian¡Ww. hmbbv¡v
AanX{]m[myw ÂIn Ip«nIfn hmbmioew hfÀ¯Ww.
hmbn¨phfcp¶XneqsS AdnhpIsf kzoIcn¡måw ]pXnb Imcy§Ä
aknem¡p¶Xnåw ]pXnb Hcp temIs¯ nÀ½n¡p¶Xnåw
km[yaWv. AXnm hmbn¨p hfcmw hmbsb kvtln¡mw..

Assingment

  • 1.
  • 2.
    BapJw amknIhpw ImbnIhpamb Hcp{]hÀ¯amWvv hmb. AycpsS `mjWw AÀ°t_m[t¯msS {Kln¡m³ ]mI¯npÅ {ihWin£Whpw kzbw Bibw Imcy£aamb coXnbn hmNnIambn {]ISn¸n¡m³ klmbIamb hNNin£Ww tSp¶p F¶m enJnX cq]¯nepÅ Imcy§Ä {Kln¡mpÅ ss]pWnbmWv hmb. Adnhnsâ hnimeaÞe¯nte¡v t½ bn¡p¶Xv hmbbmWv. ]pXnb Bib§Ä DÄs¡mÅmåw ]gabn amä§Ä BhiyamsW¦n Ah hcp¯måw hmb IqSnsb Xocp. Nncn¡måw PohoXmå`h§fnte¡v ]pÀPohn¡måw bYmÀ°PohnX¯n n¶p c£s¸Småw aäpÅhcpsS ssh¡mcnIPohnXw BkzZn¡måw mw Pohn¡p¶ temIs¯¸än Adnbphmåw ]dbphmåw hmbbpsS apJy[À½§fmbn KthjIÀ ]dªn«půmWv. amknIhpw ImbnIhpamb {]hÀ¯w Xs¶bmWv hmb. I®pIfmWv hmbbpsS apJymhbhw. I®pIÄÄ Hcp hm¡n n¶p asämcp hm¡nte¡v AXnthKw o§Ww. Bibw aknem¡måw, ]T¯n XmÂ]cyw hfÀ¯måw, Nn´bpsS hnIkw `mjm{]mhnWyw kzm[ohpw,
  • 3.
    kmlnXymkzmZhpw, kmwkvImcnIhnIkw, D¯aIyXnIfpsS XncsªSp¸venJnXcq]¯nepÅ AÀ°hpw i_vZip²nbpw sshImcnI khntijXIfpw hcp¯n aäpÅhsc hmbn¨pt- Iĸn¡pI F¶n§sbpÅ FÃm {]hÀ¯§Ä¡pw hmb BhiyamWv. AXnm hmbioew hfÀt¯−Xv AnhmcyamWv....
  • 4.
    A]{KYw FgpXnbtXm A¨Sn¨sXm BbtcJIfn n¶p Bib§Ä DÄs¡mÅp¶XnmWv hmb F¶p ]dbp¶Xv. Bib§Ä kzbw aknem¡p¶Xnåw aäpÅhsc [cn¸n¡måw hmb D]Icn¡p¶p. Dds¡ hmbn¨m Ip«nIÄ¡v Bµmå`qXn D−mIpw AtXmsSm¸w `mj]camb {]mKÂ`yw hÀ[n¡p¶p. D¨mcWmhbh§fpsS icnbmb ]cnioe¯nåw amwkt]inIfpsS icnbmb Ne¯nåw Dds¡ hmbn¡p¶Xv {]tbmPs¸Sp¶p. Bib{KlW¯nåw ]TtXmSpÅ Ip«nIfpsS XmÂ]cyw hfÀ¯p¶Xnåw hmb klmbIcamWv. F¶m hmb¡v XSkw n¡p¶ Nne LS§fp−v. Img¨i¡XnbpsS sshIeyw, {ihW¡pdhv, `mjWsshIey§Ä, A]cnNnXamb ]Z§fpsS XSkw, iÐapbÀ¯nbpÅ hmb F¶o LSI§Ä hmb¡v XSkambn hÀ¯n¡p¶p. Ch Is−¯n ]cnlcn¡p¶XneqsS hmb hfÀ¯nsbSp¡m³ km[n¡p¶p.
  • 5.
    hmbbpsS hXykvX Xe§Ä {ihyhmb,auhmb F¶o kwPRIÄ hmbn¡p¶ enJnX`mj kqNn¸n¡p¶p. iÐw D¨cn¡s¸SpIsbm CÃtbm F¶mWv CXneqsS aknem¡m³ km[n¡p¶Xv. Ccp hmbIfpsSbpw Dt±iyw Bib{KlWamWv. hmbbpsS A´naamb e£yw F¶p hym]Iamb {KÙ]mcbW¯nåÅ XmÂ]cyw hfÀ¯pIbpw AXv ioeambn hnIkn¸n¡pIbpamWv. Ip«nIfpsS nehmc¯nå AåtbmPyamb `mj, {]Xn]mZcoXn, ssZÀLyw XpS§nb Imcy§Ä {i²n¨pthWw {KÙ§Ä XncsªSp¡m³. Ah hmbn¡måÅ t{]cW Ip«nIÄ¡v ÂIWw. ]TkµÀ`§fpambn _Ôs¸Sp¯n Ahbnte¡v Ip«nbpsS {i²sb Xncn¡pIbpw thWw. C§s hmbmioew hfÀ¯mw..
  • 6.
    hmb hfÀ¯mw Zyiy{ihyam[ya§fpsS D]tbmKwhmbsb Imcy£aambn _m[n¡p¶p. hmb Ipdbp¶XnåÅ {][m ImcWw Xs¶ CXmWv. Ip«nIfpsS IgnhpIsf hfÀ¯nsbSp¡m³ Cu Zyiy{ihzam[ya§Ä klmbn¡p¶nÃ. AhcpsS DÅ IgnhpIsf ASn¨aÀ¯pIbmWv sN¿p¶Xv. AXnm Ip«nIÄ¡v kzbw {]hÀ¯§Ä sN¿måÅ XmÂ]cy§Ä IpdbpIbpw sN¿p¶p. F¶m hmbn¡p¶XneqsS [mcmfw Adnhp--Isf kzoIcn¡måw ]pXnb ]Z§fpw ssienIfpw Adnbp¶Xnåw klmbIamWv. hmbbpsS A`mhw apew Ip«nIfn Bib{KlWtijnbpw Nn´mtijnbpw Ipdbp¶tXmsSm¸w imcocnIhpw amknIhpamb IgphpIÄ aµo`hn¡p¶p. D¯aamb {KÙ§fpsS ]mcmbWw Ip«nIfn hmbmioew hfÀ¯m³ klmbn¡p¶p..
  • 7.
    hmbbpsS {]tXyIXIÄ AycpsS kw`mjWwAÀ°t_m[t¯mSbpw AÀ°]qÀ®XtbmsSbpw {Kln¡m³ ]mI¯nepÅ {ihWin£Whpw kz´w Bibw Imcy£aamb coXnbn hmNnIambn {]ISn¸n¡m³ klmbIamb hNin£Whpw mw BÀPvPn¡Ww hmbbpsS kzm[os¯¸än [mcmfw ]T§Ä S¶n«p−v. hmbn¡p¶ cmjv{S§fmWv temIs¯ bn¡p¶ cmjv{S§Ä F¶mWv ]dbp¶Xv. ½psS I®pIÄ HcpXhW XcWw sN¿p¶ ssZÀLy¯nå bhnkvXyXn F¶pw XpSÀ¶pÅ nÀ¯enå bØncWw F¶pw ]dbp¶p. Bibw aknem¡pI, ]T¯n XmÂ]cyw hfÀ¯pI, Úm k¼mZw, Nn´bpsS hnIkw hmbbpsS e£y§fmWv. ssZwZnPohnX¯n hmbbv¡v hfsc henb {]m[myap−v..
  • 8.
    hmbbpsS e£y§Ä hmb F¶kwÚ Bib{KlW¯nå hfsc {]m[myw ÂIp¶p. BgtadnbXpw ]c¸mÀ¶Xpw Dt±iym[njvTnXhpamb hmbb¡v IgnhpIfpsS t]mjWw AnhmcyamWvv. aebmfw A£tcm¨mcI`mjbmbXXpsIm−v A£cmhXcWcoXn Ahew_n¨m D¨mcWhpw hmbbpw teJhpw IqSpX ^e{]ZamIpw. hmb A`ykn¸n¡m³ cp coXn-Ifp−v. bpàyåkyXcoXnIfpw aimkv{XmåkyXcoXnIfpw hmbbv¡v XSkw n¡p¶ LSI§fp−v. ImgvNiànbpsS sshIeyw, {ihW¡pdhv, `mjW sshIey§Ä, ]Zmå]Zhmbt]mepÅ Aimkv{XnbcoXnIÄ, A]cnNnX]Z§Ä hcp¯p¶ XSkw iÐapbÀ¯nbpÅ hmb F¶nhbmWv B LSI§Ä. hmbmioew Ip«nIfn hfÀ¯nsbSpt¡Xv Hcp AXymhiyLSIamWv. hmbbpsS A`mhw Ip«nIfpsS `mhnPohnXs¯ Xs¶ amänadn¡pw. Nn´mtijnbpw. Bib{KlWtijnbpw hfcmåw imcocnIhpw amknIhpamb hfÀ¨bv¡pw hmb BhiyamWv..
  • 9.
    D]kwlmcw nXyPohnX¯n hmbbv¡v hfsctbsd {][myap−v.hmbbneqsS Nn´n¡måÅ Ignhv Ip«nIÄ¡v e`n¡p¶p IqSmsX Adnhns hfÀ¯phmåw ]pXnb AdnhpIÄ kzoIcn¡måw hmbmioew Ipdªphcp¶XmWv ImWp¶Xv. AXv amänsbSp¡m³ mw Hmtcmcp¯cpw ]c{ian¡Ww. hmbbv¡v AanX{]m[myw ÂIn Ip«nIfn hmbmioew hfÀ¯Ww. hmbn¨phfcp¶XneqsS AdnhpIsf kzoIcn¡måw ]pXnb Imcy§Ä aknem¡p¶Xnåw ]pXnb Hcp temIs¯ nÀ½n¡p¶Xnåw km[yaWv. AXnm hmbn¨p hfcmw hmbsb kvtln¡mw..