Industrial sociology studies human behavior and social relationships within industrial organizations and work settings. It examines how formal and informal social structures and interactions influence workplace culture, communication, decision-making, and productivity. Industrial sociology also analyzes how industrialization impacts society through issues like class divisions, urbanization, and social problems. Understanding industrial sociology helps optimize human potential in organizations and address problems that arise from industrial development and complex social changes.

1. IMPORTANCE OF INDUSTRIAL SOCIOLOGY
A Assignment
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the awarded
of the Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
(Mechanical Engineering)
APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW
Submitted To-
Dr. Ambrish Singh
Assistant Professor
Submitted By-
Kumud Kumar Atal
M.E. 3rd Year
Roll no. 1873640907
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Rajkiya Engineering College, Azamgarh 276201
2019-2020

2. Introduction
Sociology is the study of the collective behavior of people together in society as a whole. It
would explain the reasons for why people behave the way they tend to behave. And when
our economies turned into industrial economy urbanization began with the competition.
Industrialization is both boon and bane for our society. Industrialization brought a lot of
development alongside class divisions among the people. And so has the social problems
that have arisen with all the complexities.
The key terms of industrial sociology are ‘industry’ and the concept of sociology. The
industry here refers to the place where the goods and services are produced for the
consumption in an economy. It is the place where every single person comes and interacts
with each other for the process of production and consumption. The concept of sociology
in the industrial sector gives us the discipline for the behavior of the people. The
relationships between people are explained while they grow in the field of industries.
Industrial sociology does not merely see them as an economic organization but more like a
social or human organization. The concept covers how people communicate with each
other, who do they communicate at the times of distress, how the community
The key terms of industrial sociology are ‘industry’ and the concept of sociology. The
industry here refers to the place where the goods and services are produced for
consumption in an economy. It is the place where every single person comes and interacts
with each other for the process of production and consumption. The concept of sociology
in the industrial sector gives us the discipline for the behavior of the people. The
relationships between people are explained while they grow in the field of industries. the
action flows through all the levels in the organization, the structure of decision making,
the patterns that affect the organization while communicating in person and every aspect
that could be covered in any organization.
Objective
The concept of industrial sociology is wide and is very vital to the organization. The
following could be stated a few of the reasons why we would require industrial sociology.

3. •They help us identify the problems existing in the industry and also gives us the probable
solutions to it.
•At the times of industrial distress, they would help us understand the situations better.
•It helps us understand the relationship between one’s personal activities with that of
industrial activities.
•They show us the way human interaction flows through the organization helping in
times of miscommunication.
•It analyses the depth of the industrialization and magnitude of the problems arising
along with the development.
•It helps with industrial planning, in maintaining a good relationship between the labor
unions and the management.
•The trade relations can be easily identified and chaos with the organization channels can
be reduced.
•The most important reason would be to maintain peace and prosperity within an
organization.
With the event of industrialization and vast developing economy, it is very important forWith the event of industrialization and vast developing economy, it is very important for
us to realize the human potential in order to compete in the vast competition. In order to
realize human potential, it is important for us to learn human behaviors in the first place
in a given situation. Industrial sociology serves as a platform to learn about the human
pattern of behavior.
The Main Areas (Themes) of Sociology
 Human behaviour in relation to group setting.
•The main thrust of Sociology lies on understanding human behaviour (why do people
behave as they do) in relation to a groups social setting.
•As humans interact their behaviour must have some influence on each other, with
regard to the kinds of social groups relationships that are formed among members.
 Social Institutions.
•Sociology is also involved in studying social institutions, such as family,
education,religion, economy, and politics in order to determine the value, roles and

4. •functions of such institutions in the society, knowing that the society is dependent on
these social institutions for the fulfilment of its needs, viz. the rearing, socialization and
education of the children.
•Failure or sucess of any of these institutions in their work often leads to weakening or
strengthening of society.
 Culture of Society
• Another importat area of study addressed by sociology is the culture of society.
• Culture is defined as the way of life of a society which embraces society’s knowledge,
technology, beliefs, patterns of education morals, art, laws, customs, ideas, material
goods and other forms of wealth.
• It is often said that cultures distinguish societies from each other.
•Accordingly sociology studies different cultures as they exist in different societies in
order to: - draw up the differences between societies or groups; - determine what values
societies hold differently and how; - establish how cultures contribute to or influence
certain social functions viz marriage, child upbringing, work performance, problem
solving, responsibility sharing, interactions, etc.
 Socila class formation or social stratification Socila class formation or social stratification
This is another subject area that Sociology studies.
• In this concern, Sociology looks at certain forces such as education level and occupation
which may influence the division of a society into specific classes – low, middle and upper
– in which different individuals are fitted.
• Within these concerns, Sociology has the task of examining the movement of
individuals or their change from one stratum to another within the “social space”.
• This phenomenon is called social mobility.
• Social power formation, the political process, the education process, the socialization
process, economic structure, human and industrial production, professions, and several
other phenomena are as well studied in this area in order to assess how they affect
stratification in the life of a society widening the gap between the haves and the have-
nots.

5.  Social pathology
• This area of study entails all the observable activities in society that negatively affects
the well being of a society.
• It includes various forms of deviant behaviour or nonconformity to the norms of a
group, or departure from the socially agreed and accepted norms of a group.
• This area of sociology examines the kinds of deviant behaviour exhibited by individuals
in a society with regard to how and to what extent such behaviour contribute to crimes
viz deliquence, drug abuse, sex offences, truancy, suicide, prostitution, vandalism, etc.
 More specific social structures and situations
• Sociology as the science of society studies various more specific human social
structures and institutions with a view to understanding how such structures and
situations affect the individual and the society as a whole, viz manufacturing
organizations concerned with social welfare, community activity, health education, etc.
• In particular sociology examines how the formal and informal nature of such
organizations could affect their services or functions, the employees, authority flow
within the organization, freedom of association, etc.within the organization, freedom of association, etc.

6. Formal Relationship
•Functional & Determined by the Hierarchical order in the industrial unit.
•Exclude “Personal relation”.
•Example : Official relationship between the management and employees.
 Informal Relationship Informal Relationship
•“Personal relations” among individual/employees in an organizations.
•Depends upon individuals likes ,dislike, taste, language and so no.
•Examples : Two employees become a good friends.
 Mixed or Socio-Technical
•Neither purely Formal nor purely Informal.
•It is partly connected with industrial work & partly personal.
•Example: Two workers are doing there industrial work as well as talking about their
personal life.
External Relation
•When a particular factory or industrial unit has relationship with other industrial units,
mills, factories, government & social agencies etc .
•Example: for the purpose of recruitment of employees, Executive trainees etc.