Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance o...ijtsrd
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The purpose of this research is to analyze how the influence of internal learning of employees, external learning obtained from suppliers and consumers, and ownership of processes and equipment, on the performance of the company. This research also examines the role of human resources as moderator in the relationship between process ownership and equipment with performance. The research population that became the object of this research covers all manufacturing companies operating in Indonesia. The population is a manufacturing company registered by the Manufacturing Company Directory published by the Statistics Centre Bureau of, 2010. The sample is determined by using purposive sampling technique, and the sample selected is a manufacturing company with criteria that have medium and large scale. From the results of hypothesis testing then some of the main findings are presented in this section. First, internal learning positively affects technological capabilities, indicating that ownership of tools and technologies is encouraged or enhanced by improving the internal learning process. The main findings of both studies indicate that external learning will encourage companies to increase their ownership of equipment and technology. Humans are recognized as controllers in the use and utilization of technology. This study is the first step to undertake the development of empirical studies by considering further factors that determine success in resource management and technology primarily through organizational learning. Furthermore, the findings of this study also indicate the factors of operating strategy that moderate ownership of tools and technology companies to performance. Lena Ellitan"Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance of East Java Manufacturing Firms: Resources as Moderator" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5877.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/5877/role-of-learning-process-in-capability-development-and-business-performance-of-east-java-manufacturing-firms-resources-as-moderator/lena-ellitan
Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance o...ijtsrd
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The purpose of this research is to analyze how the influence of internal learning of employees, external learning obtained from suppliers and consumers, and ownership of processes and equipment, on the performance of the company. This research also examines the role of human resources as moderator in the relationship between process ownership and equipment with performance. The research population that became the object of this research covers all manufacturing companies operating in Indonesia. The population is a manufacturing company registered by the Manufacturing Company Directory published by the Statistics Centre Bureau of, 2010. The sample is determined by using purposive sampling technique, and the sample selected is a manufacturing company with criteria that have medium and large scale. From the results of hypothesis testing then some of the main findings are presented in this section. First, internal learning positively affects technological capabilities, indicating that ownership of tools and technologies is encouraged or enhanced by improving the internal learning process. The main findings of both studies indicate that external learning will encourage companies to increase their ownership of equipment and technology. Humans are recognized as controllers in the use and utilization of technology. This study is the first step to undertake the development of empirical studies by considering further factors that determine success in resource management and technology primarily through organizational learning. Furthermore, the findings of this study also indicate the factors of operating strategy that moderate ownership of tools and technology companies to performance. Lena Ellitan"Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance of East Java Manufacturing Firms: Resources as Moderator" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5877.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/5877/role-of-learning-process-in-capability-development-and-business-performance-of-east-java-manufacturing-firms-resources-as-moderator/lena-ellitan
THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND GREEN ACCOUNTING ON FINANCIAL PERFO...AJHSSR Journal
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ABSTRACT:This study aims to determine the influence of several variables: (1) intellectual capital and (2)
green accounting on financial performance moderated by business strategy variables in basic materials sector
companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2022. The population in this study is
basic materials sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the main board, totaling 42
companies. Sampling was done using purposive sampling with specific criteria, resulting in 14 samples. The
data collection technique used was documentary study by analyzing the financial reports of companies and
assessing the PROPER rankings according to the data processing needs. Data were analyzed using SEM PLS
version 4.0. The results of the study found that intellectual capital affects financial performance, while green
accounting does not have a positive and significant influence on financial performance. Business strategy is able
to moderate the relationship between intellectual capital and green accounting on financial performance.
KEYWORDS -intellectual capital, green accounting, financial performance, business strategy, Indonesia
Stock Exchange
Quantitative Analysis on Financial Performance of Merger and Acquisition of I...IJAEMSJORNAL
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In general, Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) are becoming more common around the world as a way to strengthen companies by raising their profile, diversifying their portfolios to reduce business risks, expanding into new markets and topographies, and exploiting economies of scale, among other things The information analysis identified by all five financial metrics, such as ROI, will provide data about profitability, liquidity, leverage, and efficiency using all seventeen ratios. T-Test is a cumulative analysis that is typically examined in detail using factual research methods that are linked to all seventeen proportions. The general analysis of financial performance and the overall scientific theory of outcomes complete the final section. Since the analyst is unable to conduct the exam on a full scale, it was done on a miniature scale. The study community includes a wide range of organisations with a wide range of business operations and unusual business practises.
Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance o...ijtsrd
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The purpose of this research is to analyze how the influence of internal learning of employees, external learning obtained from suppliers and consumers, and ownership of processes and equipment, on the performance of the company. This research also examines the role of human resources as moderator in the relationship between process ownership and equipment with performance. The research population that became the object of this research covers all manufacturing companies operating in Indonesia. The population is a manufacturing company registered by the Manufacturing Company Directory published by the Statistics Centre Bureau of, 2010. The sample is determined by using purposive sampling technique, and the sample selected is a manufacturing company with criteria that have medium and large scale. From the results of hypothesis testing then some of the main findings are presented in this section. First, internal learning positively affects technological capabilities, indicating that ownership of tools and technologies is encouraged or enhanced by improving the internal learning process. The main findings of both studies indicate that external learning will encourage companies to increase their ownership of equipment and technology. Humans are recognized as controllers in the use and utilization of technology. This study is the first step to undertake the development of empirical studies by considering further factors that determine success in resource management and technology primarily through organizational learning. Furthermore, the findings of this study also indicate the factors of operating strategy that moderate ownership of tools and technology companies to performance. Lena Ellitan"Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance of East Java Manufacturing Firms: Resources as Moderator" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5877.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/5877/role-of-learning-process-in-capability-development-and-business-performance-of-east-java-manufacturing-firms-resources-as-moderator/lena-ellitan
Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance o...ijtsrd
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The purpose of this research is to analyze how the influence of internal learning of employees, external learning obtained from suppliers and consumers, and ownership of processes and equipment, on the performance of the company. This research also examines the role of human resources as moderator in the relationship between process ownership and equipment with performance. The research population that became the object of this research covers all manufacturing companies operating in Indonesia. The population is a manufacturing company registered by the Manufacturing Company Directory published by the Statistics Centre Bureau of, 2010. The sample is determined by using purposive sampling technique, and the sample selected is a manufacturing company with criteria that have medium and large scale. From the results of hypothesis testing then some of the main findings are presented in this section. First, internal learning positively affects technological capabilities, indicating that ownership of tools and technologies is encouraged or enhanced by improving the internal learning process. The main findings of both studies indicate that external learning will encourage companies to increase their ownership of equipment and technology. Humans are recognized as controllers in the use and utilization of technology. This study is the first step to undertake the development of empirical studies by considering further factors that determine success in resource management and technology primarily through organizational learning. Furthermore, the findings of this study also indicate the factors of operating strategy that moderate ownership of tools and technology companies to performance. Lena Ellitan"Role of Learning Process in Capability Development and Business Performance of East Java Manufacturing Firms: Resources as Moderator" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5877.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/5877/role-of-learning-process-in-capability-development-and-business-performance-of-east-java-manufacturing-firms-resources-as-moderator/lena-ellitan
THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND GREEN ACCOUNTING ON FINANCIAL PERFO...AJHSSR Journal
Â
ABSTRACT:This study aims to determine the influence of several variables: (1) intellectual capital and (2)
green accounting on financial performance moderated by business strategy variables in basic materials sector
companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2022. The population in this study is
basic materials sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the main board, totaling 42
companies. Sampling was done using purposive sampling with specific criteria, resulting in 14 samples. The
data collection technique used was documentary study by analyzing the financial reports of companies and
assessing the PROPER rankings according to the data processing needs. Data were analyzed using SEM PLS
version 4.0. The results of the study found that intellectual capital affects financial performance, while green
accounting does not have a positive and significant influence on financial performance. Business strategy is able
to moderate the relationship between intellectual capital and green accounting on financial performance.
KEYWORDS -intellectual capital, green accounting, financial performance, business strategy, Indonesia
Stock Exchange
Quantitative Analysis on Financial Performance of Merger and Acquisition of I...IJAEMSJORNAL
Â
In general, Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) are becoming more common around the world as a way to strengthen companies by raising their profile, diversifying their portfolios to reduce business risks, expanding into new markets and topographies, and exploiting economies of scale, among other things The information analysis identified by all five financial metrics, such as ROI, will provide data about profitability, liquidity, leverage, and efficiency using all seventeen ratios. T-Test is a cumulative analysis that is typically examined in detail using factual research methods that are linked to all seventeen proportions. The general analysis of financial performance and the overall scientific theory of outcomes complete the final section. Since the analyst is unable to conduct the exam on a full scale, it was done on a miniature scale. The study community includes a wide range of organisations with a wide range of business operations and unusual business practises.
Task1-Question Module 2 Discussion ForumQuebecor Printing is .docxjosies1
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Task1-
Question: Module 2 Discussion Forum
Quebecor Printing is a commercial printing company that is expanding, acquiring ailing printing companies, and moving into international markets. They have completed more than 100 mergers and buyouts since 1972 and have focused on customized service by using "selective binding" to print. Apply strategies from Porter's model to make Quebecor Printingâs business more profitable.
Follow below rules to complete the assignment.
Within each module, there is a list of key terms. Each student will select one of the key terms and conduct a search of Campbellsville Universityâs online Library resources to find 1 recent peer reviewed article (within the past 3 years) that closely relate to the concept. Your submission must include the following information in the following format:Â
DEFINITION: a brief definition of the key term followed by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the word requirement.Â
SUMMARY: Summarize the article in your own words- this should be in the 150-200-word range. Be sure to note the article's author, note their credentials and why we should put any weight behind his/her opinions, research or findings regarding the key term.
DISCUSSION: Using 300-350 words, write a brief discussion, in your own words of how the article relates to the selected chapter Key Term. A discussion is not rehashing what was already stated in the article, but the opportunity for you to add value by sharing your experiences, thoughts and opinions. This is the most important part of the assignment.Â
REFERENCES: All references must be listed at the bottom of the submission--in APA format. (continued) Be sure to use the headers in your submission to ensure that all aspects of the assignment are completed as required.Â
Any form of plagiarism, including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the entire assignment.
Material:
Supplemental Resources
Mechanistic Organization vs. Organic Organization -https://blog.ordoro.com/2012/07/15/mechanistic-organization/
Common Organizational Structures- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/common-organizational-structures/
Factors to Consider in Organizational Design- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/factors-to-consider-in-organizational-design/
Organizational Environment | Sources of Organizational Uncertainty- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=9unK-zqhOhQ
Organizational Environment | Adapting to the Environment- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=vFIn1uhFuqI&t=13s
What Kinds of Changes Do Companies Make in Response to Environmental Uncertainty?- https://smallbusiness.chron.com/kinds-changes-companies-make-response-environmental-uncertainty-71519.html
Task2:
Please provide comments/replies for below two discussions. Each comment/reply should be 150 words.
Classmate disc1:
Sidhartha Ananthula - Sunday, 15 March 2020, 10:31 AM
Porterâs Model
           A commercial and.
Task1-Question Module 2 Discussion ForumQuebecor Printing is .docxbradburgess22840
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Task1-
Question: Module 2 Discussion Forum
Quebecor Printing is a commercial printing company that is expanding, acquiring ailing printing companies, and moving into international markets. They have completed more than 100 mergers and buyouts since 1972 and have focused on customized service by using "selective binding" to print. Apply strategies from Porter's model to make Quebecor Printingâs business more profitable.
Follow below rules to complete the assignment.
Within each module, there is a list of key terms. Each student will select one of the key terms and conduct a search of Campbellsville Universityâs online Library resources to find 1 recent peer reviewed article (within the past 3 years) that closely relate to the concept. Your submission must include the following information in the following format:Â
DEFINITION: a brief definition of the key term followed by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the word requirement.Â
SUMMARY: Summarize the article in your own words- this should be in the 150-200-word range. Be sure to note the article's author, note their credentials and why we should put any weight behind his/her opinions, research or findings regarding the key term.
DISCUSSION: Using 300-350 words, write a brief discussion, in your own words of how the article relates to the selected chapter Key Term. A discussion is not rehashing what was already stated in the article, but the opportunity for you to add value by sharing your experiences, thoughts and opinions. This is the most important part of the assignment.Â
REFERENCES: All references must be listed at the bottom of the submission--in APA format. (continued) Be sure to use the headers in your submission to ensure that all aspects of the assignment are completed as required.Â
Any form of plagiarism, including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the entire assignment.
Material:
Supplemental Resources
Mechanistic Organization vs. Organic Organization -https://blog.ordoro.com/2012/07/15/mechanistic-organization/
Common Organizational Structures- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/common-organizational-structures/
Factors to Consider in Organizational Design- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/factors-to-consider-in-organizational-design/
Organizational Environment | Sources of Organizational Uncertainty- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=9unK-zqhOhQ
Organizational Environment | Adapting to the Environment- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=vFIn1uhFuqI&t=13s
What Kinds of Changes Do Companies Make in Response to Environmental Uncertainty?- https://smallbusiness.chron.com/kinds-changes-companies-make-response-environmental-uncertainty-71519.html
Task2:
Please provide comments/replies for below two discussions. Each comment/reply should be 150 words.
Classmate disc1:
Sidhartha Ananthula - Sunday, 15 March 2020, 10:31 AM
Porterâs Model
           A commercial and.
Task1-Question Module 2 Discussion ForumQuebecor Printing is .docxdeanmtaylor1545
Â
Task1-
Question: Module 2 Discussion Forum
Quebecor Printing is a commercial printing company that is expanding, acquiring ailing printing companies, and moving into international markets. They have completed more than 100 mergers and buyouts since 1972 and have focused on customized service by using "selective binding" to print. Apply strategies from Porter's model to make Quebecor Printingâs business more profitable.
Follow below rules to complete the assignment.
Within each module, there is a list of key terms. Each student will select one of the key terms and conduct a search of Campbellsville Universityâs online Library resources to find 1 recent peer reviewed article (within the past 3 years) that closely relate to the concept. Your submission must include the following information in the following format:Â
DEFINITION: a brief definition of the key term followed by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the word requirement.Â
SUMMARY: Summarize the article in your own words- this should be in the 150-200-word range. Be sure to note the article's author, note their credentials and why we should put any weight behind his/her opinions, research or findings regarding the key term.
DISCUSSION: Using 300-350 words, write a brief discussion, in your own words of how the article relates to the selected chapter Key Term. A discussion is not rehashing what was already stated in the article, but the opportunity for you to add value by sharing your experiences, thoughts and opinions. This is the most important part of the assignment.Â
REFERENCES: All references must be listed at the bottom of the submission--in APA format. (continued) Be sure to use the headers in your submission to ensure that all aspects of the assignment are completed as required.Â
Any form of plagiarism, including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the entire assignment.
Material:
Supplemental Resources
Mechanistic Organization vs. Organic Organization -https://blog.ordoro.com/2012/07/15/mechanistic-organization/
Common Organizational Structures- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/common-organizational-structures/
Factors to Consider in Organizational Design- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/factors-to-consider-in-organizational-design/
Organizational Environment | Sources of Organizational Uncertainty- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=9unK-zqhOhQ
Organizational Environment | Adapting to the Environment- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=vFIn1uhFuqI&t=13s
What Kinds of Changes Do Companies Make in Response to Environmental Uncertainty?- https://smallbusiness.chron.com/kinds-changes-companies-make-response-environmental-uncertainty-71519.html
Task2:
Please provide comments/replies for below two discussions. Each comment/reply should be 150 words.
Classmate disc1:
Sidhartha Ananthula - Sunday, 15 March 2020, 10:31 AM
Porterâs Model
           A commercial and.
How Intellectual Capital Effects Firmâs Financial PerformanceHendra Gunawan
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This study examined the effect of intellectual capital on the financial performance of the company. Independent variables consisted of structural capital efficiency (SCE), human capital efficiency (HCE), capital employed efficiency (CEE) control variables used in this research are the size and leverage. The population of this study are non-financial companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) 2014. Samples were selected using purposive sampling method and obtained 232 companies. This study using simple regression analysis and descriptive statistics for the analysis of the data processed by SPSS 22. Results showed that HCE has negative effect on the financial performance, SCE has significant positive effect on financial performance, and CEE has significant positive effect on financial performance. The limitation in the study is sample that are used only limited to the non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014. Future studies are expected to use other measurements to measure intellectual capital and value of the company, and further research is also expected to increase the research data and select other industrial sectors.
How Innovation and Technology Will Fuel the Transition to Sustainable Enterpr...EricCuka
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This report has been created to provide insight as to why businesses should adopt sustainability practices into their core business strategies. Innovation and technology have not only created increased pressure and transparency, they have also created enormous opportunity for businesses in today's high-demand economy. There are incredible examples covered in the included research which demonstrate how organizations have utilized eco-efficiencies to increase margins while simultaneously benefiting both core and fringe stakeholders. The key concept of this paper is to encourage companies to embrace sustainability into their corporate culture in order to fuel innovation and create competitive advantages. Technology can be leveraged in a wide array of possibilities to maximize operational efficiencies, increase margins, and impact society at the same time. The research conducted to support the main argument of this report includes readings from Saint Cloud State University's MBA 605 - Strategies for Sustainable Development class, as well as multiple external readings from credible internet sources.
Anyone who is employed in a technology field will find this report especially interesting; however, the content is relevant to multiple areas of business and business strategy. Whether you are passionate about sustainability or not, the research in this paper will apply to you if you are interested in maximizing operational efficiencies through innovation and technology. The key eco-efficiencies covered include: reduced material and waste expenses, reduced energy expenses, and reduced water expenses. As companies embrace technology, combined with a sustainable strategy, additional innovations will be constructed as these companies strive towards becoming sustainable. The bottom line is that technology and innovation will fuel the transition to sustainable enterprises. Is your company going to be left behind?
Organisation Effectiveness Assessment looks at some diagnostic models that can help diagnose the problems of organisations and how to find solutions to such problems. Consults need to have skills in how to assess organisations for change, efficiency or funding in the case of non-profit organisations.
The Slides cover:
1. What is an organisation?
2. The Open Systems Model
3. What is organisational effectiveness?.
4. Approaches to measuring organisational effectiveness
5. What is organisational Analysis?
6. Organisational Analysis Cycle
7. Purposes and perspectives of organisational analysis.
8. Data Collection Methods. (Imagery; questionnaire; interviews;Observation;Focus groups; Secondary material, etc.
9. Advantages and Disadvantages of Data Collection Methods
10.Use of appropriate organizational diagnostic models to assess organisations.
a. Kurt Lewinâs Force Field Model;
b. Likertâs Management System Model;
c. McKenzieâs 7S Model;
d. Weisbord 6-Box Model
11. Organisational Capacity Assessment Tools (OCAT).
a. Why conduct Organisational Capacity Assessment?
b. Organisational Capacity Assessment Process;
c. Application of an OCAT Tool
Writing an Organisational Assessment Report.
Evaluating the Effect of Employee Stock Option Plans on the Financial Perform...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
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Competitive pressures to improve productivity continue to place significant demand upon organizations globally. To respond to these competitive pressures with the developed countries like USA, ESOPs (Employee Stock Ownership Plans) have also been adopted in developing country like India to increase the firmâs and employeeâs performance and productivity by retaining the employees to a large extent. Employee Stock Ownership Plans are majorly utilized by many successful and competent companies across the world. The successes of the ESOP companies in countries like USA, Japan and UK etc. may largely be attributed to enhancement of firmâs performance and Employee productivity. These effects are becoming increasingly noticed across the world in recent years. Thus, this research is an empirical study carried out to evaluate the impact of ESOP on financial performance of ten listed Indian Construction and Infrastructural companies based on for a period of six years. The study analyzes three years pre and post period to the adoption of ESOPs for the selected companies and is based upon secondary data collected from company annual reports of the respective years. Company-wise Pre- and Post- ESOP adoption Analysis and Regression Analysis is carried out in the selected selector.
Running head STRATEGIC FIT WITH THE INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT .docxtoltonkendal
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Running head: STRATEGIC FIT WITH THE INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT 1
STRATEGIC FIT WITH THE INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT 2
Strategic Fit With the Industry Environment
James Smith
MBA 6024
Unit 4 Assignment 1
3/20/16
Strategic management is termed as the art and the science of the formulation, implementation, and the evaluation of the cross-functional decisions that are made and enable an organization to achieve the goals that have been set. The objectives are achieved through the development of policies and plans that when implemented will assist in achieving the objectives of a firm. Therefore, the strategic management of any given organization combines various activities from various functional areas of an organization and also ensures that the organization is working towards accomplishing the set goals and objectives of a firm. The strategic management is tasked with giving instructions to the management team so as to combine their efforts towards the accomplishment of the organizational goals. It is a process that also involves the assessment of the competitors, the goals that have been set, and the effectiveness of the strategies that have been applied.
There are various models that are used in the analysis of the strategies that are applied by a company. PEST analysis is the best suited technique that assists in evaluating the environment where a business operates. Scenario Planning, on the other hand, is a technique that is capable building various views that are plausible in regards to the future of the entity. The Porters Five commonly referred to as the five forces analysis is a model that is used to analyze the effects of competition in the industry. Market segmentation is the technique that seeks to identify the similarities and the differences between the group of customers and the users. The directional policy matrix is a technique that summarizes the competitive strength of the operation of business in specific areas (Burton 2012).
The PEST analysis of a firm is a concept that is widely used in marketing. The tool is also crucial because it is used by these firms to master the environment where they are operating. Additionally, firms use the approach in the analysis of the environment before the launch of a new product. The analysis entails answering various questions that are of great importance to the firm. First, the firm seeks to understand the current political situation in the environment where the business is being operated. The analysis determines how the political situation of that given country will have an impact on the industry. The other question that the analysis seeks to answer is the prevalent economic factors that are in existence in the given environment (Haberberg 2007).
The third question that has to be addressed by the analysis is the role culture in the market. Further, the analysis focuses on the determinants of the culture. The ...
An Assessment of Project Portfolio Management Techniques on Product and Servi...iosrjce
Â
The crises of product and service innovation in most organisations due to global competition and
the need for scientific research in the project portfolio management discipline were factors that motivated this
research. The purpose of this study is to investigate how project portfolio management(ppm) contributes to
product and service innovation. A questionnaire was developed to gather data to compare the PPM methods
used, PPM performance and resulting new product success measures in sixty Nigeria organisations in a diverse
range of service and manufacturing industries. The study findings indicated that PPM practices have a greater
impact in the new product and services success rate. Also, business strategy method result in better alignment
of the projects in the portfolio. This conclusion is supported by the 0.630 Pearson correlations at 0.000
significance between percentage of successful products and PPM performance level. The results reveal that for
better innovation outcomes, management should place a priority on developing and improving PPM.
Essays On Critical Thinking. essay examples: Critical Thinking EssayStacy Taylor
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Critical Thinking Essay Sample â How Essay Writing Can Enhance Your .... Critical Thinking Essay Sample - Essay Writing Services. (PDF) Critical Thinking and it's Importance in Education. How to Write a Critical Thinking Essay: Guide & Topics- Write On Deadline.
Task1-Question Module 2 Discussion ForumQuebecor Printing is .docxjosies1
Â
Task1-
Question: Module 2 Discussion Forum
Quebecor Printing is a commercial printing company that is expanding, acquiring ailing printing companies, and moving into international markets. They have completed more than 100 mergers and buyouts since 1972 and have focused on customized service by using "selective binding" to print. Apply strategies from Porter's model to make Quebecor Printingâs business more profitable.
Follow below rules to complete the assignment.
Within each module, there is a list of key terms. Each student will select one of the key terms and conduct a search of Campbellsville Universityâs online Library resources to find 1 recent peer reviewed article (within the past 3 years) that closely relate to the concept. Your submission must include the following information in the following format:Â
DEFINITION: a brief definition of the key term followed by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the word requirement.Â
SUMMARY: Summarize the article in your own words- this should be in the 150-200-word range. Be sure to note the article's author, note their credentials and why we should put any weight behind his/her opinions, research or findings regarding the key term.
DISCUSSION: Using 300-350 words, write a brief discussion, in your own words of how the article relates to the selected chapter Key Term. A discussion is not rehashing what was already stated in the article, but the opportunity for you to add value by sharing your experiences, thoughts and opinions. This is the most important part of the assignment.Â
REFERENCES: All references must be listed at the bottom of the submission--in APA format. (continued) Be sure to use the headers in your submission to ensure that all aspects of the assignment are completed as required.Â
Any form of plagiarism, including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the entire assignment.
Material:
Supplemental Resources
Mechanistic Organization vs. Organic Organization -https://blog.ordoro.com/2012/07/15/mechanistic-organization/
Common Organizational Structures- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/common-organizational-structures/
Factors to Consider in Organizational Design- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/factors-to-consider-in-organizational-design/
Organizational Environment | Sources of Organizational Uncertainty- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=9unK-zqhOhQ
Organizational Environment | Adapting to the Environment- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=vFIn1uhFuqI&t=13s
What Kinds of Changes Do Companies Make in Response to Environmental Uncertainty?- https://smallbusiness.chron.com/kinds-changes-companies-make-response-environmental-uncertainty-71519.html
Task2:
Please provide comments/replies for below two discussions. Each comment/reply should be 150 words.
Classmate disc1:
Sidhartha Ananthula - Sunday, 15 March 2020, 10:31 AM
Porterâs Model
           A commercial and.
Task1-Question Module 2 Discussion ForumQuebecor Printing is .docxbradburgess22840
Â
Task1-
Question: Module 2 Discussion Forum
Quebecor Printing is a commercial printing company that is expanding, acquiring ailing printing companies, and moving into international markets. They have completed more than 100 mergers and buyouts since 1972 and have focused on customized service by using "selective binding" to print. Apply strategies from Porter's model to make Quebecor Printingâs business more profitable.
Follow below rules to complete the assignment.
Within each module, there is a list of key terms. Each student will select one of the key terms and conduct a search of Campbellsville Universityâs online Library resources to find 1 recent peer reviewed article (within the past 3 years) that closely relate to the concept. Your submission must include the following information in the following format:Â
DEFINITION: a brief definition of the key term followed by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the word requirement.Â
SUMMARY: Summarize the article in your own words- this should be in the 150-200-word range. Be sure to note the article's author, note their credentials and why we should put any weight behind his/her opinions, research or findings regarding the key term.
DISCUSSION: Using 300-350 words, write a brief discussion, in your own words of how the article relates to the selected chapter Key Term. A discussion is not rehashing what was already stated in the article, but the opportunity for you to add value by sharing your experiences, thoughts and opinions. This is the most important part of the assignment.Â
REFERENCES: All references must be listed at the bottom of the submission--in APA format. (continued) Be sure to use the headers in your submission to ensure that all aspects of the assignment are completed as required.Â
Any form of plagiarism, including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the entire assignment.
Material:
Supplemental Resources
Mechanistic Organization vs. Organic Organization -https://blog.ordoro.com/2012/07/15/mechanistic-organization/
Common Organizational Structures- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/common-organizational-structures/
Factors to Consider in Organizational Design- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/factors-to-consider-in-organizational-design/
Organizational Environment | Sources of Organizational Uncertainty- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=9unK-zqhOhQ
Organizational Environment | Adapting to the Environment- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=vFIn1uhFuqI&t=13s
What Kinds of Changes Do Companies Make in Response to Environmental Uncertainty?- https://smallbusiness.chron.com/kinds-changes-companies-make-response-environmental-uncertainty-71519.html
Task2:
Please provide comments/replies for below two discussions. Each comment/reply should be 150 words.
Classmate disc1:
Sidhartha Ananthula - Sunday, 15 March 2020, 10:31 AM
Porterâs Model
           A commercial and.
Task1-Question Module 2 Discussion ForumQuebecor Printing is .docxdeanmtaylor1545
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Task1-
Question: Module 2 Discussion Forum
Quebecor Printing is a commercial printing company that is expanding, acquiring ailing printing companies, and moving into international markets. They have completed more than 100 mergers and buyouts since 1972 and have focused on customized service by using "selective binding" to print. Apply strategies from Porter's model to make Quebecor Printingâs business more profitable.
Follow below rules to complete the assignment.
Within each module, there is a list of key terms. Each student will select one of the key terms and conduct a search of Campbellsville Universityâs online Library resources to find 1 recent peer reviewed article (within the past 3 years) that closely relate to the concept. Your submission must include the following information in the following format:Â
DEFINITION: a brief definition of the key term followed by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the word requirement.Â
SUMMARY: Summarize the article in your own words- this should be in the 150-200-word range. Be sure to note the article's author, note their credentials and why we should put any weight behind his/her opinions, research or findings regarding the key term.
DISCUSSION: Using 300-350 words, write a brief discussion, in your own words of how the article relates to the selected chapter Key Term. A discussion is not rehashing what was already stated in the article, but the opportunity for you to add value by sharing your experiences, thoughts and opinions. This is the most important part of the assignment.Â
REFERENCES: All references must be listed at the bottom of the submission--in APA format. (continued) Be sure to use the headers in your submission to ensure that all aspects of the assignment are completed as required.Â
Any form of plagiarism, including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the entire assignment.
Material:
Supplemental Resources
Mechanistic Organization vs. Organic Organization -https://blog.ordoro.com/2012/07/15/mechanistic-organization/
Common Organizational Structures- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/common-organizational-structures/
Factors to Consider in Organizational Design- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/factors-to-consider-in-organizational-design/
Organizational Environment | Sources of Organizational Uncertainty- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=9unK-zqhOhQ
Organizational Environment | Adapting to the Environment- https://www.youtube.com/watch?embed=no&v=vFIn1uhFuqI&t=13s
What Kinds of Changes Do Companies Make in Response to Environmental Uncertainty?- https://smallbusiness.chron.com/kinds-changes-companies-make-response-environmental-uncertainty-71519.html
Task2:
Please provide comments/replies for below two discussions. Each comment/reply should be 150 words.
Classmate disc1:
Sidhartha Ananthula - Sunday, 15 March 2020, 10:31 AM
Porterâs Model
           A commercial and.
How Intellectual Capital Effects Firmâs Financial PerformanceHendra Gunawan
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This study examined the effect of intellectual capital on the financial performance of the company. Independent variables consisted of structural capital efficiency (SCE), human capital efficiency (HCE), capital employed efficiency (CEE) control variables used in this research are the size and leverage. The population of this study are non-financial companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) 2014. Samples were selected using purposive sampling method and obtained 232 companies. This study using simple regression analysis and descriptive statistics for the analysis of the data processed by SPSS 22. Results showed that HCE has negative effect on the financial performance, SCE has significant positive effect on financial performance, and CEE has significant positive effect on financial performance. The limitation in the study is sample that are used only limited to the non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014. Future studies are expected to use other measurements to measure intellectual capital and value of the company, and further research is also expected to increase the research data and select other industrial sectors.
How Innovation and Technology Will Fuel the Transition to Sustainable Enterpr...EricCuka
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This report has been created to provide insight as to why businesses should adopt sustainability practices into their core business strategies. Innovation and technology have not only created increased pressure and transparency, they have also created enormous opportunity for businesses in today's high-demand economy. There are incredible examples covered in the included research which demonstrate how organizations have utilized eco-efficiencies to increase margins while simultaneously benefiting both core and fringe stakeholders. The key concept of this paper is to encourage companies to embrace sustainability into their corporate culture in order to fuel innovation and create competitive advantages. Technology can be leveraged in a wide array of possibilities to maximize operational efficiencies, increase margins, and impact society at the same time. The research conducted to support the main argument of this report includes readings from Saint Cloud State University's MBA 605 - Strategies for Sustainable Development class, as well as multiple external readings from credible internet sources.
Anyone who is employed in a technology field will find this report especially interesting; however, the content is relevant to multiple areas of business and business strategy. Whether you are passionate about sustainability or not, the research in this paper will apply to you if you are interested in maximizing operational efficiencies through innovation and technology. The key eco-efficiencies covered include: reduced material and waste expenses, reduced energy expenses, and reduced water expenses. As companies embrace technology, combined with a sustainable strategy, additional innovations will be constructed as these companies strive towards becoming sustainable. The bottom line is that technology and innovation will fuel the transition to sustainable enterprises. Is your company going to be left behind?
Organisation Effectiveness Assessment looks at some diagnostic models that can help diagnose the problems of organisations and how to find solutions to such problems. Consults need to have skills in how to assess organisations for change, efficiency or funding in the case of non-profit organisations.
The Slides cover:
1. What is an organisation?
2. The Open Systems Model
3. What is organisational effectiveness?.
4. Approaches to measuring organisational effectiveness
5. What is organisational Analysis?
6. Organisational Analysis Cycle
7. Purposes and perspectives of organisational analysis.
8. Data Collection Methods. (Imagery; questionnaire; interviews;Observation;Focus groups; Secondary material, etc.
9. Advantages and Disadvantages of Data Collection Methods
10.Use of appropriate organizational diagnostic models to assess organisations.
a. Kurt Lewinâs Force Field Model;
b. Likertâs Management System Model;
c. McKenzieâs 7S Model;
d. Weisbord 6-Box Model
11. Organisational Capacity Assessment Tools (OCAT).
a. Why conduct Organisational Capacity Assessment?
b. Organisational Capacity Assessment Process;
c. Application of an OCAT Tool
Writing an Organisational Assessment Report.
Evaluating the Effect of Employee Stock Option Plans on the Financial Perform...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
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Competitive pressures to improve productivity continue to place significant demand upon organizations globally. To respond to these competitive pressures with the developed countries like USA, ESOPs (Employee Stock Ownership Plans) have also been adopted in developing country like India to increase the firmâs and employeeâs performance and productivity by retaining the employees to a large extent. Employee Stock Ownership Plans are majorly utilized by many successful and competent companies across the world. The successes of the ESOP companies in countries like USA, Japan and UK etc. may largely be attributed to enhancement of firmâs performance and Employee productivity. These effects are becoming increasingly noticed across the world in recent years. Thus, this research is an empirical study carried out to evaluate the impact of ESOP on financial performance of ten listed Indian Construction and Infrastructural companies based on for a period of six years. The study analyzes three years pre and post period to the adoption of ESOPs for the selected companies and is based upon secondary data collected from company annual reports of the respective years. Company-wise Pre- and Post- ESOP adoption Analysis and Regression Analysis is carried out in the selected selector.
Running head STRATEGIC FIT WITH THE INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT .docxtoltonkendal
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Running head: STRATEGIC FIT WITH THE INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT 1
STRATEGIC FIT WITH THE INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT 2
Strategic Fit With the Industry Environment
James Smith
MBA 6024
Unit 4 Assignment 1
3/20/16
Strategic management is termed as the art and the science of the formulation, implementation, and the evaluation of the cross-functional decisions that are made and enable an organization to achieve the goals that have been set. The objectives are achieved through the development of policies and plans that when implemented will assist in achieving the objectives of a firm. Therefore, the strategic management of any given organization combines various activities from various functional areas of an organization and also ensures that the organization is working towards accomplishing the set goals and objectives of a firm. The strategic management is tasked with giving instructions to the management team so as to combine their efforts towards the accomplishment of the organizational goals. It is a process that also involves the assessment of the competitors, the goals that have been set, and the effectiveness of the strategies that have been applied.
There are various models that are used in the analysis of the strategies that are applied by a company. PEST analysis is the best suited technique that assists in evaluating the environment where a business operates. Scenario Planning, on the other hand, is a technique that is capable building various views that are plausible in regards to the future of the entity. The Porters Five commonly referred to as the five forces analysis is a model that is used to analyze the effects of competition in the industry. Market segmentation is the technique that seeks to identify the similarities and the differences between the group of customers and the users. The directional policy matrix is a technique that summarizes the competitive strength of the operation of business in specific areas (Burton 2012).
The PEST analysis of a firm is a concept that is widely used in marketing. The tool is also crucial because it is used by these firms to master the environment where they are operating. Additionally, firms use the approach in the analysis of the environment before the launch of a new product. The analysis entails answering various questions that are of great importance to the firm. First, the firm seeks to understand the current political situation in the environment where the business is being operated. The analysis determines how the political situation of that given country will have an impact on the industry. The other question that the analysis seeks to answer is the prevalent economic factors that are in existence in the given environment (Haberberg 2007).
The third question that has to be addressed by the analysis is the role culture in the market. Further, the analysis focuses on the determinants of the culture. The ...
An Assessment of Project Portfolio Management Techniques on Product and Servi...iosrjce
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The crises of product and service innovation in most organisations due to global competition and
the need for scientific research in the project portfolio management discipline were factors that motivated this
research. The purpose of this study is to investigate how project portfolio management(ppm) contributes to
product and service innovation. A questionnaire was developed to gather data to compare the PPM methods
used, PPM performance and resulting new product success measures in sixty Nigeria organisations in a diverse
range of service and manufacturing industries. The study findings indicated that PPM practices have a greater
impact in the new product and services success rate. Also, business strategy method result in better alignment
of the projects in the portfolio. This conclusion is supported by the 0.630 Pearson correlations at 0.000
significance between percentage of successful products and PPM performance level. The results reveal that for
better innovation outcomes, management should place a priority on developing and improving PPM.
Essays On Critical Thinking. essay examples: Critical Thinking EssayStacy Taylor
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Critical Thinking Essay Sample â How Essay Writing Can Enhance Your .... Critical Thinking Essay Sample - Essay Writing Services. (PDF) Critical Thinking and it's Importance in Education. How to Write a Critical Thinking Essay: Guide & Topics- Write On Deadline.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesarâs dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empireâs birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empireâs society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Hanâs Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insiderâs LMA Course, this piece examines the courseâs effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasnât one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using âinvisibleâ attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Asset Light Strategy Creating A Flexible Sustainable Business Model With Women Self Help Group
1. The International Journal Of Business & Management(ISSN 2321 â8916) www.theijbm.com
213 Vol 3 Issue 1 January, 2015
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF
BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT
Asset Light Strategy: Creating a Flexible &
Sustainable Business Model with Women Self Help Group
1. Introduction
This paper is the outcome of an interview that came to the researcherâs notice about Mr. Kochouseph Chittilappilly,
Indian businessman, best known as the founder and Vice Chairman of V-Guard Industries Ltd and a chain of amusement parks.
He donated his kidney becoming the first donor of a kidney bank set up recently by Fr. Davis Chiramal, who himself had donated
his kidney, making a new revolution of organ donation in India. The interview also threw light on the entrepreneurâs tryst with
destiny in managing successfully the militant trade unionism in Kerala by formulating a new production strategy with varied
benefits. The paper puts forwards two concepts namely Asset light strategy and Self Help Group to formulate a model. Return on
invested capital is often used to assess a firmâs value creation capabilities. The main objective of adopting an asset-light approach
is to enhance the firmâs value through enlarging valuable, inevitable and unique firm resources. The asset light strategy shift the
focus of financing into more growth related areas, helping the firm to focus on core skills improving financial ratios and
maintaining credit rating, Fen-May Liou et al., 2006.While on the other hand ,the SHGs have been recognised as useful tool to
help the poor in developing countries .The SHGS have contributed to women empowerment, by its clear contribution in
economic, social, political, legal domains for women ,Rekha Goankar ,(2001) . This paper discusses Asset light manufacturing
strategy with its operational and financial advantages augmented by linking itself with Woman self help group bringing multiple
benefits for society, economy and politics. The paper explains and verifies the benefits of a sustainable business model developed
by linking Asset light manufacturing strategy with Woman self help group through a case study of V-Guard industries limited
(VGIL).The business model is found to be successful in India as proved with the financial performance of VGIL. This study is
confined only to Electric Equipment industry hence generalizing the results across domains is questionable but can act as a basis
for theory building and future research in more service and product domains. The study follows a case study approach to verify
the model proposed. The value of this study comes from the fact it asserts a refined business model developed from asset light
strategy, which can bring in direct social impact in a country like India with meaningful financial inclusion, while being clearly
superior in terms of financial and operational outcomes for entrepreneurs and investors benefiting firm and society at large
fetching in a new dimension for corporate social responsibility was never before analyzed in literature. The paper also presents
methods to tweak the model to meet the possible challenges.
2. Methodology
This study analyse two concepts -Asset light strategy and Self Help groups using secondary qualitative and quantitative data.
Asset light Strategy is presented from a theoretical perspective, explaining the definition, advantages and method available in
literature to measure the Return on Invested Capital in terms of net operating profit margin and capital turn over or capital usage
efficiency. Self Help group as a tool for empowerment of woman as described in various studies and feedbacks are explained.
George Joseph
Research Scholar, School of Management Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
Dr. Zakkariya K. A.
Associate Professor, School of Management Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
Abstract:
Purpose- This paper discusses Asset light manufacturing strategy with its operational and financial advantages augmented by
linking itself with Woman self help group bringing multiple benefits for society, economy and politics.
Design/methodology/approach â The paper explains and verifies the benefits of a sustainable business model developed by
linking Asset light manufacturing strategy with Woman self help group through a case study of V-Guard industries limited.
Findings âThe business model is found to be successful in India as proved with the financial performance of V-Guard
Industries Limited.
Research limitations/implications- This study is confined only to Electric Equipment industry hence generalizing the results
across domains is questionable. The study follows a case study approach as found suitable although with its limitations.
Originality/value âThe value of this study comes from the fact it asserts a refined business model developed from asset light
strategy, which can bring in direct social impact in a country like India with meaningful financial inclusion, benefiting firm and
society at large fetching in a new dimension for corporate social responsibility was never before analyzed in literature.
Keywords : Asset light strategy, self help group, return on invested capital, empowerment, Paper type Conceptual Paper
2. The International Journal Of Business & Management(ISSN 2321 â8916) www.theijbm.com
214 Vol 3 Issue 1 January, 2015
Asset light-SHG linked business model is then presented as a sustainable model for a developing country like India. A case of V
Guard industries limited with data from interviews, Annual Reports and research reports on company performance is analyzed to
verify the validity of the model.
This study uses data triangulation at each stage using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of study.
Secondary data in the form of interviews details were verified with other secondary evidences of quantitative nature to validate the
model. During the analysis stage, feedbacks from the stakeholder groups were also compared. This type of triangulation, where
the researchers use different sources, is perhaps the most popular and particularly well suited for different stakeholder groups that
have diverse interest from the model.
This study in essence used methodological triangulation that involves the use of multiple qualitative and/or quantitative methods
to study the benefits of the model. For example, results from surveys, interviews were compared to see for similar results. The
conclusions from each of the methods were found to be the same, establishing the validity. Interviewing, observation, document
analysis, other feasible methods to assess the features and benefits of the model were made. While this method is popular, it
generally requires more resources. Likewise, it requires more time to analyze the information yielded by the different methods.
The secondary analysis of qualitative data in this study used Supra analysis by going beyond the focus of the primary study from
which the data were derived, examining new empirical, questions and finally alternative analysis in which data was re-analysed
using new perspectives for purposes of corroboration based on the principle of triangulation.
The benefits of triangulation include âincreasing confidence in research data, creating innovative ways of understanding a
phenomenon, revealing unique findings, challenging or integrating theories, and providing a clearer understanding of the
problemâ Thurmond, (2001). These benefits largely result from the diversity and quantity of data that can be used for analysis.
Thus this methodology added a depth to the results that would not have been possible using a single-strategy study, thereby
increasing the validity and utility of the findings.
Figure 1: Research Design
3. Asset Light Strategy
The lower the profit per rupees of assets, the more asset-intensive a business is and vice verse. All other things being equal, the
more asset-intensive a business, the more money must be reinvested into it to continue generating earnings. The A-L model is a
business strategy that tries to achieve capital efficiency by concentrating on investment on only those assets where a companyâs
expertise can achieve the best return for investors Maly and Palter, (2002). First, the companies analyse parts of each business
where they separate value adding and non value adding; holding parts that create the most value, deciding to divest noncore risks,
assets, and cash flows to others that can better manage them. The capital so freed can then be reinvested back into the core
business or can be used to grow faster like through acquisitions. Tang and Liou (2007) projected that resource heterogeneity and
organizational configurations act as mediators between the observable competitive advantage and a firmâs performance. The
return on invested capital (ROIC) characterize the observable competitive advantage, while the firmâs performances are calculated
by the accounting items in the du Pont identity. The main objective of adopting an asset-light approach is to enhance the firmâs
value through enlarging valuable, inevitable and unique firm resources.
Financial statements can provide a good measurement of competitive advantage because: (1) financial statements reflect those
strategic choices regarding priorities and decide what resources to deploy which may contribute to competitive advantage; (2)
financial statements record profitability, which is the result of past resource deployment that has turned out as beneficial for the
firm (Day and Wensley, 1988); and (3) the balance sheet and income statement demonstrate the resource configuration, including
physical assets, human resources, and marketing expenditures, is well consolidated and utilized. The du Pont identity is used as a
managerial tool to measure the operating strengths or weaknesses of a firm (Grant, 1991; Firer, 1999). ROIC measures how
3. The International Journal Of Business & Management(ISSN 2321 â8916) www.theijbm.com
215 Vol 3 Issue 1 January, 2015
successfully a company has produced enough cash flow by deploying its invested capital. ROIC is calculated as the net operating
profits less adjusted taxes (NOPLAT), divided by invested capital (IC):
ROIC = (NOPLAT/IC) = (NOPLAT/S) x(S/IC) =NOPM x Capital Turnover Where,
NOPLAT =EBIT x (1-t) Where,
EBIT means Earnings before interest and tax; S for sales; NOPM means net operating profit margin; and IC = (Fixed Assets +
Current assets) â non-interest-bearing liabilities. NOPM symbolize the profits through improved operating efficiency and capital
turnover measures the capital usage efficiency. NOPM can be expressed in dimensionless expressions as follows:
NOPM = (p x q- c x q) / (p x q) = (p-c)/p=1-(c/p), (2)
Where, p stands for sales price; c for unit cost per sales volume; and q for sales volume. In order to observe the strategic choices
of a firm in detail, the drivers NOPM and Capital Return can be decomposed into several related financial ratios as follows:
ROIC= NOPLAT X S = (S-CGS-R&D-Dep-SG&A-Tax)/S (3)
S IC (FA+ AR + Inv-AP+ Cash)/S
Where CGS stands for cost of goods sold; R&D for expenditures on research and development; Dep for depreciation; SG&A for
selling, general and administration expenses; FA = fixed assets; AR = accounts receivable; Inv = inventory; and AP = accounts
payable. From Equation (3), we note that the influence or effect of operating efficiency on profit can be enlarged by the effective
use of capital. The numerator of ROIC (operating efficiency) includes the unit costs per rupee sale of various operating activities:
(i) production, (ii) research and development, and (iii) selling, general, and administration. The denominator (effective use of
capital) comprises various reversed asset turnover ratios including the firmâs capabilities in managing tangible entities (fixed
assets), its relationships with customers (accounts receivable turnover), and its negotiation power with suppliers (accounts payable
and inventory turnover).This model posits the following causal sequence of strategic management: Competitive advantage
âUnique source configuration â Management abilities â Superior financial performance.
3.1. Creating real value
Clearly, the key to successfully moving to a capital-efficient business model is identifying assets, risks, and cash flows by their
distinct risk characteristics and then retaining only those that are central to how a company creates value. Companies that
disaggregate assets, risks, and cash flows can create value in a number of ways:
3.1.1. Improving Operating Margins
When a company narrows the number of assets and risks in its portfolio to the handful where it really creates value, its
management team is able to focus its energies and develop deep insight into and expertise in managing core risks. As a result, the
team can extract more value from those risks and the economic gain created is significantly greater. These corporate forms
typically allow companies to remunerate investors and finance capital investments using before-tax revenues, ultimately lowering
a companyâs taxable income and increasing the pool from which investments are made and investors paid. Thus it reduces the cost
of financing highly capital-intensive assets.
3.1.2. Reducing Cost of Capital
When companies transfer risks to more natural owners, their cash flows can become significantly less volatile. Less volatility
combined with an optimal capital structure can reduce the cost of financing highly capital-intensive assets.
Figure 2: Benefits of Asset light Strategy
4. Self Help Groups
The Self Help Group (SHG) is the brainchild of Grameen Bank of Bangladesh, founded by Prof. Mohammed Yunus in
1975, who tried out a new approach to rural credit in Bangladesh. Self-Help Group is a voluntary association of poor people
from the lower socio-economic back drop .In India NABARD initiated SHGs in the year 1986-87. The SHGs have been
recognised as useful tool to help the poor in developing countries .The SHGs help its members imbibe the essentials of
financial intermediation including prioritization of needs, setting terms and condition, and accounts keeping, (CIRDAP
Digest, 2000).
4. The International Journal Of Business & Management(ISSN 2321 â8916) www.theijbm.com
216 Vol 3 Issue 1 January, 2015
4.1. Women Self Help Groups
The micro-credit given to SHGs makes them enterprising; it can be all-women group, all-men group or even a mixed group.
However, it has been the experience that womenâs groups perform better in all the important activities of SHGs. Today there are
more than 25 lakh SHGs in the country, ninety percent of them are women Self-Help Groups. Women constitute around fifty
percent of the total human resources in our economy. Yet women are the more poor and under privileged than men as
they are subject to many socio-economic and cultural constraints. Therefore ,Women development activities must be given
importance to eradicate poverty, increase the economic growth and for better standard of living.SHG has emerged as a key
programming strategy for most of the women development activities.
4.1.1. Politics
Through membership of SHGs, or SHG clusters and federations, village women can gain experience of relevant processes (regular
meetings, taking decisions, allocating money). They gain more visibility in the village, which is important for campaigning. Many
of the woman members of SHGs have tried for local political office in village council, and have been elected. SHG membership
thus can contribute to womenâs election to panchayati raj. Thus this creates a synergy between SHGs and politics.
4.1.2. Social Harmony
The fact that the majority of SHGs are single-caste groups is based on the principle of âaffinity groupsâ and neighbourhood
proximity (members living nearby can more easily get together, and village neighbourhoods are usually caste based). It also stems
from government policies. Government benefits for SCs/STs, BCs subsidies are easier to channel to the target population, if all
members of a group belong to the same caste category, Murugan and Dharmalingam, (2000).
4.1.3. Social Justice
SHGs seem uniquely placed to support their members on issues of social justice affecting women. The SHGs (with some groups
mobilising together on single issues) had taken up issues such as domestic and sexual violence, bigamy, and a few cases of dowry
death, prevention of child marriage etc. Groups whose members already enjoy some âsocio-economicâ status are able to assist
their own members or extend support to other vulnerable women in the village. Issues that can be dealt with through a specific
action preventing bigamy, obtaining compensation, marriage of an orphan girl or a separated woman appear more successful with
the action having an immediate result, Sundram, I.S., (2001).
4.1.4. Community Action
Many of SHGs have been involved in community actions like improving community services , including water supply, education,
health care, veterinary care, village road, trying to stop alcohol sale and consumption , contributing finance and labour for new
infrastructure, protecting natural resources and in campaigns for pulse polio, literacy, anti-dowry etc. In all these areas, actions
by SHG women represented some degree of organization in terms of decision- making thus enhancing womenâs contribution to
community in a way that goes beyond non traditional roles and thus SHGs are becoming a means of mobilising women.
4.1.5. Empowerment
The following few indicators of empowerment have been linked to SHGS âEconomic independence, Improved standard of living,
Knowledge of banking operation and credit management, Better public relation, Self expression, participatory role in decision
making of community, village and households, breaking social, religious and cultural barriers, developing leadership qualities,
skill up gradation and better technology use, Sharma, (2000), Ramachandar , Lakshmi, (2008).
Figure 3: Benefits of Women Self Help Groups
The Self Help groups in India are undertaking various tasks and can be broadly classified as-(i) Collective organisation of
marketing for the produce of individual enterprises established using micro-credit, particularly milk collection centres/dairy
cooperatives at village level.
(ii) Collective activities by SHGs using group credit to access larger natural assets for production, e.g., leasing land and ponds for
cultivation and culture.
(iii) Collective economic activities based on group credit that combined labour and management: stone-cutting, processing rice
etc.
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(iv) Management of government contracts like running Public Distribution System, cooking the mid-day meal for school children
etc.
(v) A portion of the self help groups had been involved in a group based enterprise or enterprise contract. This is where Asset
light companies can find unique opportunities.
5. A Sustainable Business Model
Companies must adopt a new mind-set to make capital efficiency a key part of their business model. A model of linking Asset
light firms to Women Self help Groups brings together goodness of both worlds, thus adding economic, political, legal, financial,
and above all a social dimension to an already rewarding business model. Rekha Goankar ,(2001) in her study concluded that
the SHGs can significantly contribute towards the reduction of poverty and unemployment in the rural sector of the
economy and the SHGs can lead to social transformation in terms of economic development and the social change. While on
the other hand disaggregating assets and risks into unique packages increases visibility into the true sources of value and risk and
allows companies to enjoy a fuller equity valuation. Reducing the complexity and scope of the business also frees up management
resources to look for new opportunities .Capital-efficient companies typically involve a narrower portfolio of assets and risks that
is better aligned with their distinctive capabilities, value creation approach, and strategy. They tend to shape carefully the role that
they play relative to the assets that they choose to hold and focus their functional capabilities on narrowly-defined risks where
they excel at value creation. This synergistic model naturally involves some challenges like the need to manage multiple
partnerships with the natural owners to which assets and risks have been transferred. But, when the strategy is pursued
intelligently and competently, the advantages of stronger margins, enhanced brand equity, and privileged access to low cost
capital synergize with more social orientation. An asset-light model allows a company to increase the number of partners in its
network, and/or expand its production capacity. Having these scalable resources in place enables companies to concentrate their
time and financial resources into research and development efforts, linking up with strategic partners, and integrating their
innovations into new products. Such innovations necessitate a change in the manufacturing flow, and a close OEM relationship
allows for smoother implementation of these changes for accelerated volume ramp-up capabilities. The benefits far outweigh such
difficulties.
Figure 4: Benefits from the proposed model
6. A Case
There is one name that has captured the imagination of South Indians, especially Kerala, when it comes to protecting their prized
home theatres, washing machines and refrigerators from getting exposed to voltage fluctuations and power outages. V-Guard, the
brand started out as a humble venture in Kerala soon extended its footprint across South India and beyond. Though it has a pan-
India presence now, it was from very small beginnings that V-Guard started its corporate journey. With a seed capital of Rs 1 lakh
borrowed from his father, Mr. Kochouseph Chittilappilly started his venture. A rented tenement was their work site and the
workforce comprised two employees. The company started making voltage stabilisers in 1977. Today, the companyâs turnover
has crossed Rs 1,000 crore and V-Guard has become a household name. From a single product company, V-Guard has now
diversified into various household products. The 10-fold revenue growth from Rs 100 crore in 2000 to Rs 1,000 crore in FY 2012
was achieved through diversification and the addition of new verticals in the last few years. The turnover from stabilisers has
crossed Rs 200 crore while the wires business touched Rs 275 crore. Except for Gujarat and Mumbai, most of the states in India
are experiencing power shortage and power cuts leading to disruption in power supply and wild fluctuations. As unsteady power
supply continues to dog the country, the demand for voltage stabilisers will sustain. In the last 10 years, there has not been much
visible change in the countryâs power scenario. This condition is expected to continue for the next 10-12 years. This will certainly
boost stabiliser sales. The voltage stabiliser market in the country is estimated at Rs 1,250 crore, out of which the company has
garnered revenue of Rs 200 crore in FY 2012.
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6.1. Asset light-SSI/SHG Linked Business Model
The period 1984-86 was a testing time for the company as labour activism and militant trade unionism was going out of hand
making survival of businesses nearly impossible. The company evolved a new business model in outsourcing through SHG (self-
help group) initiatives to manufacture stabilisers and UPS in the wake of some trade union issues in the earlier days. Unemployed
and economically backward women were selected with the support of churches and trained by company experts. While today, V-
Guard runs 66 such set-ups across South India engaging about 1,650 women. Asset light strategy followed by V Guard gives a
whole new meaning for outsourcing by its social and economic dimensions. The company plans to start such outfits in other parts
of the country. With a network of over 9,500 retailers and more than 200 distributors/service centres in 18 States and Union
Territories, the company today delivers products and after-sales service to 50 million customers. It provides employment to more
than 5,500 people indirectly through its SHG initiatives. It manufactures products such as cables and solar water heater, whereas it
outsources the manufacturing of stabilizers, pumps, electric water heater, Fans, and UPS from around 69 organizations, with
whom the company has a tie-up. Given the short lifecycle of a consumer electronic product, its design capabilities along with
outsourcing operations has helped to rationalize its capex requirement and simultaneously branch out into new product lines. The
share of revenues from manufactured goods in FY12 was at INR 4094.71mn against INR 2972.92mn in FY11 and from traded
goods in FY12 was at INR 5902.42mn against INR 4371.54mn. This model helps in keeping the costs under control as it saves on
overheads and can have the vendors near the market, which saves on transportation cost.
Moreover, since the product portfolio of the company demands intense market penetration through proper branding, promoting
and strong network channel, VGIL can focus on new product development, branding and distribution. V-Guard has been an
established player in the stabiliser business since the last 30 years with a market share of 50% in south India. V-Guard ventured
more into northern states in FY10, with an eye to develop a pan-India presence. The company also conducts research and
development initiatives for electronic products, electric geysers, electro-mechanical products, electrical wires and solar water
heaters. V-Guardâs business model for manufacturing several of its products thus brings in efficiency, ensures high margins and
offers a huge scope of expansion depending on the demand from the consumerâs end. The company has entered into long term
contracts with several SSI units. The products undergo strict quality controls before being shipped to its distribution network. V-
Guard has maintained its focus on R&D for constant improvement in performance of its products, augmented with quality and
launching new range of products.
6.2. Asset Turnover Ratio of V Guard & Competitors
Name FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 EFY13 EFY14
V Guard 3.05 2.31 2.32 3.11 3.0 3.1
Crompton Greaves 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6
Havells India 1.60 1.63 1.69 1.68 1.65 1.65
Table 1: Asset turn over comparison
Product Own No. of units Outsourced No. of units
PVC wiring cables Yes 2 No -
LT cables Yes 1 No -
Pumps & Motors Yes 1 Yes 20
Fans Yes 1 Yes 6
Solar Water heater Yes 1 No -
Electric Water Heater No - Yes 6
Stabilizers No - Yes 63
UPS No - Yes 12
Table 2: Product manufactured in house and outsourced
6.3. Diversified Product Base De-Risks the Business Model
VGIL has diversified its product portfolio through a growing presence in other electronic and electrical goods segments which
mitigates the impact on account of slowdown in any one particular segment on the financial profile of the company. V Guard has
a distinct advantage of being in several sectors such as consumer durables (stabilizers, water heaters, fans), agricultural (motor
pumps), business needs (UPS), Construction sector (cables) etc. The revenues are distributed across the divisions with stabilizers
around 20% to the companyâs revenues, Cables contributes 28%, pumps (15%), Water heater (9%). The solar water heater market
is also growing as the government has made mandatory their use for commercial establishments like hospitals, guest houses,
hotels, nursing homes etc under the India Governmentâs National Solar Mission. In PVC insulated wiring cables, revenue was Rs
290 crore, a growth of 30 per cent in FY -12. The motor pump category contributed Rs 140 crore, a 20 per cent growth. Company
has own unit in Coimbatore and 15 contract manufacturers spread over Coimbatore and Rajkot. Electric water heaters sales
touched Rs 85 crore. The company, which has a manufacturing unit in Himachal Pradesh, has 10 per cent of the total market size
of Rs 800-900 crore. Recently switchgears and DBs have also become part of product portfolio along with induction cookers.
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7. Optimizing Asset Light-SHG/SSI Platforms
We need to look into this model having the two main characteristics of being asset light and SHG linked in order to look into ways
of improving performance of both. There are challenges in terms of quality, capacity and/or flexibility while following Asset light
Manufacturing platforms. However, by strategically allocating resources and focusing on key operational fine-tunings; all the
stakeholders can benefit from an asset-light manufacturing model.
A successful manufacturing partnership relies on close relationships throughout the relevant organizations, from engineering
teams to upper-level management. A strong relationship requires all the parties to redefine their roles in the traditional customer-
supplier relationship towards the end goal of creating a quality product through equal contribution. When all sides are able to form
an understanding of the issues facing one another, they can create a stronger foundation for cooperation, and are better able to
meet market demands at reduced product costs and higher quality.
To deal with production challenges on time, itâs essential to put into action a management structure at the sites of the SSIs or
SHGSs, which can take care of the entire supply chainâfrom strategic sourcing and procurement to quality control and
operations. Having such a structure in place enables the asset-light company to reduce the cost of non-quality. Retaining control of
the manufacturing process and maintaining quality standards drives down the cost of the products for the end-user. Additionally,
strategic sourcing and procurement helps companies optimize their network based on technical and profit criteria, ensuring a
company can reach its required capacity at the optimal cost.
To effectively monitor operations and compel quality improvements, itâs necessary to establish an onsite evaluation system. By
implementing a balanced scorecard with key performance indicators and targets, companies can efficiently observe and optimize
OEM performance. The quality control team can then initiate process improvement programs to achieve manufacturing excellence
and close the gap.
An asset-light manufacturer must be well capable of providing after sales support, and use these opportunities to collect valuable
customer feedback. Allocating adequate resources to address issues and evaluate special requests from the customer not only
encourages the swift execution of corrective actions, but also provides inputs for innovation .With the above procedures in place,
the asset-light provider is able to rapidly add in new technologies into its product portfolio. The benefits accrued through asset-
light business model ultimately become visible for the end-user in the form of better-performing products available at lower costs.
The SHGs/SSIs under this model must follow periodic performance review, auditing, grading for individual units by which a spirit
of competitiveness and continuous improvement can be inculcated .Special steps must be taken to handle conflicts and provide
regular trainings in skill development. Steps to develop thrift among members while arranging credit facilities can improve the
general financial conditions of families associated with units.
8. Conclusion
This paper tries to bring forward a model which is beneficial for entrepreneurs and society both directly and indirectly. For a
developing country like India this model offers a much needed flexibility, sustainability and inclusion. This model has been found
to be successful in manufacturing domains, and therefore can be extended to service sector with much leverage and ease. It has
been observed by M. Anjugam (2007) that socially backward, marginal households participate more in the self help group
programme so this model promises to target the right population to offer the benefits. Rapid progress in SHG formation has
now turned into an empowerment movement among women across the country ( Tiyas biswas , 2007),which must catch the
attention of government, so as to promote more such enterprise linked units with suitable subsidies and also motivate
entrepreneurs to redesign their business model-the V-Guards way . The model mentioned can bring about synergy of two
concepts- SHGs and SSIs with benefits. In todayâs scenario corporate experience capital constraints and inadequate management
resources, this strategy will enable companies to liberate from the balance sheet the capital resources, which can be used to pursue
new opportunities without repeatedly turning to the capital markets for funds. This not only enhances the companyâs credibility
with investors but also allows the company to create a better public image, greater political say, bringing in more visible social
and financial benefits to the needy by firmâs core activities so that firm can move quickly to capture opportunities for future
growth.
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