This document analyzes the microbiological quality and antibacterial properties of sterile liquids used for eye and ear infections in Bangladesh. 15 samples were collected and tested for microbial contamination. While most samples were free of pathogens, some contained bacteria like Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. Total bacterial and fungal counts exceeded limits in some samples. Stricter compliance is needed in the pharmaceutical industry to ensure sterile products and maintain public health.

1. Assessmentof Microbiological QualityandtheAnti-Bacterial Traits
of SterileLiquidsUsedfor Medicationof EyeandEarInfectionsinBangladesh
By
Md. Aminul Islam Apu
Undergraduate Student(4th year)
Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering
Islamic University, Kushtia

4.  Pharmaceutical products, eye & ear drops are mostly sterile aqueous or oily solutions
 Presence of contaminating microorganisms in eye drops and other ophthalmic solutions with an
exceeding limit of <102cfu/ml
 Eye diseases are common in patients residing in long-term care facilities
 Use of preservative has been reported to mitigate such problems microbiological monitoring of
sterile pharmaceutical drugs during distribution and storage are inadequate in Bangladesh
 Reduction of drug potency may urge the necessity of screening of the associated antimicrobial
activity

6.  Drug borne illness is common phenomenon in Bangladesh
 Common phenomenon where general hygienic precautions are not followed.
 Concerned with minimizing the risk of drug usage
 Mainly in retailer areas were selected to analyze the drugs.
 Some random drugs from Dhaka analyzed for microbial load determination.

7. Media

8. EMB
MAC
Manitol Salt Agar(MSA)
Muller Hinton Agar
Nutrient Agar (NA)
Pseudomonas Agar
S-S (Salmonella- Shigela) Agar
Manitol egg yolk polymyxin (MYP)

10.  15 different samples were collected
 Subjected to microbial examination
 Isolation and enumeration of total viable bacteria and fungi
 Presence of specific pathogens was monitored as well

11. Enumeration of viable bacterial and fungal count

12. Enumeration of specific pathogen
Take 0.1 ml from
the dilution
Spread onto MFC,MAC
Conkey Agar, MSA,
Pseudomonas Agar, S-S
Agar, Manitol egg yolk
polymixin Agar
Enumaration of total fecal
coliform, E.Coli,
Staphylococcus spp,
pseudomonas spp, Salmonella
Spp, Shigella spp, Bacillus spp
consecutively
Plates were
incubated at 37 ̊C for
24 hours except
MFC
For Identification
Biochemical tests &
Gram Staining
Procedure

13. Assay of antimicrobial activity

14. Results

15.  In the table Gento-HC total aerobic count in the highest about 8.5*102 cfu/ml and Methasol-N containing the lowest amount
1.1*102 cfu/ml
 Again Gento-HC and Methasol-N containing the lowest amount total fungal count 1.1*102
 Itchin-DS contain the highest amount of total fungal count for 8.0 *101
 Total fecal coliform count, E.coli,Salmonella & Shiglla spp are completely missing in all the sample
 Bacillus spp & Staphylococcus spp are present in most of the sample

16. Table-2: Confirmative biochemical tests
 In the biochemical test 4 organisms are suspected as Klebsiella spp, Psedumonas spp,
Staphyloccus aureus, and Bacillus cereus.
 Here catalase test positive and Indole test is negative

17.  Anti-bacterial activity of the strains are high amount in Cero, Livacin samples
 This absence in the Dexon, Hypersol-5, Metadaxan samples

18. Conclusion

19.  Pharmaceutical products are commonly used in many different ways in the prevention, treatment and
diagnosis of diseases.
 Although most of the samples are free from potential microbial threat, some of the samples are
contaminated with pathogenic bacteria.
 Potential safety measurement should be taken during the production and use to maintain the
microbiological quality.
 Presence of any microorganism should be considered undesirable for all drugs.
 Specific total coiform bacteria were not found in the tested samples, presence of viable bacteria claimed a
sort of public health risk
 The compliance sectors among the Bangladeshi Pharmaceuticals should strictly deal.
 Microbial stringency within the manufacturing, packaging, distribution and storage of pharmaceutical
products should also strictly deal.