The document discusses the differences between machine language, assembly language, and C/C++. Machine language is directly understood by CPUs as binary instructions to perform operations. Assembly language converts to machine language and uses mnemonics like MOV and ADD. C/C++ converts to multiple assembly language instructions before execution.

1. Programming
SANGRAM KESARI RAY <SHANKAR.RAY030@GMAIL.COM>

2. Machine Language vs Assembly vs C/C++
• A CPU UNDERSTANDS ONLY MACHINE LANGUAGE
• ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE IS CONVERTED INTO MACHINE
LANGUAGE
• C/C++ IS CONVERTED INTO ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
• THE ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS CAN ALSO BE TRANSLATED
INTO MACHINE LANGUAGE DURING EXECUTION
// BY A MICROCODE INTERPRETER INSIDE CPU

3. Machine
Language vs
Assembly vs
C/C++
* The ISA is also known as Machine
Language. It’s written in Binary to
carry out operations such as move,
add, etc. Each machine instruction is
executed either directly by CPU or by a
program inside CPU – Microprogram.
** It consist of Mnemonics such as
MOV, ADD, etc. They are converted
into ISA/Machine Language before
execution.
*** Such languages are translated into
multiple assembly language
instructions.
Digital Logic
Instruction Set Architecture*
Assembly Language**
C/C++***

4. ARITHMETIC
BINARY/OCTAL/HEXADECIMAL/DECIMAL
ADDITION/SUBTRACTION /DIVISION/MULTIPLICATION
USE CALCULATOR