Asp dot net

2. Approach
• Get the BIGpicture before programming
• “Why?” then “How?”
• Principles and practices: know the concepts
and know how to design and implement an
application.
• In the industry: design then coding

3. What is a Computer?
From the Webster’s New World Dictionary:
1. A person who computes.
2. A device used for computing (an
electronic machine which by means of
stored instructions and information,
perform rapid, often complex calculations
or compiles, correlates, and selects data).

4. What is a program and what is programming?
Programs:
stored computer instructions for data
processing.
Programming
= Data Structures + Algorithms
Professor Donald E. Knuth

5. What Types of Programs?
(1) Stand Alone:
MS PowerPoint
(2) Web/Internet-based:
(a) Client-side: client-side JavaScript
(b) Server Side:
ASP.NET, JSP, Web Services
3-Tir Enterprise Applications
(c) Both-sides: Apps
(3) Cloud: Applications on the Cloud. Everything is
on the Internet and the Internet is “a’ huge computer.
Why? Code Reuse!

6. Traditional Compilation/Linking (C/C++)
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
Binary Code for OS1
OS1
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS2
OS2

7. Common Binary Code?

8. Java Intermediate Language: Java Bytecode
Java Source Code (.java)
Java Compiler (javac) on OS1
Java Bytecode (.class)
OS1
Java Interpreter on OS1 (java)
OS2
Java Compiler (javac) on OS2
Binary Code for OS2Binary Code for OS1
Java Interpreter on OS2 (java)
Program statements are interpreted one at a time during the run-
time.

9. JIT Compiler
An interpreter interprets intermediate code one
line at a time. Slow execution.
A JIT (Just-In-Time) Compiler compiles the
complete code all at once just into native binary
code before execution. Faster execution.

10. JIT Complier: Java Bytecode Compiler
Java Source Code (.java)
Java Compiler (javac) on OS1
Java Bytecode (.class)
OS1
Java JIT Compiler on OS1
OS2
Java Compiler (javac) on OS2
Binary Code for OS2Binary Code for OS1
Java JIT Compiler on OS2
All programming statements are compiled at compile time.

11. OS-Independent Code: Intermediate Languages
The trend to support OS-independent binary
code is to compile the source code into the binary
format of an intermediate language.
And to provide an interpreter for the
intermediate language on each OS to translate the
binary code of the intermediate language into the
native binary code of the OS.

12. OS-Independent Compilation: Intermediate Language
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
Intermediate Binary Code
OS1
Intermediate Code Interpreter OS1
OS2
Language 1 Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS2Binary Code for OS1
Intermediate Code Interpreter OS2

13. .NET OS-Platform-Independence
MSIL: Microsoft Intermediate Language
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
MSIL Code
OS1
MSIL JIT Compiler on OS1
OS2
Language 1 Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS2Binary Code for OS1
MSIL JIT Compiler on OS2

14. The Programming Language for .NET: C#
C#:
(0) C^+^2n; n = 0, 1, 2, => C, C++, C#
(1) The most advanced programming language to date
(3) OOP (Object-oriented Programming)
(4) EDP (Event Driven Programming)
(5) Dynamic type generation
(6) Platform-independent?: Code runs on any platform
with .NET runtime
(7) Visual Studio

15. A Common Language?

16. .NET Common Language Runtime
To make .NET language independent, CLR (Common Language
Runtime) is defined as the runtime environment.
CLR defines CTS (Common Type System) which should be
followed by all languages to be used in the .NET framework.
Syntax: int, for, ..
Semantics: multiple inheritance is not allowed in CTS
The code that follows CTS standard is called managed code.
regular C++ supports multiple inheritance
managed C++ does not support multiple inheritance

17. .NET Language-Independence
CLR: Common Language Runtime
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
MSIL Code Confirming CTS (Managed Code)
OS1
CLR on OS1
OS2
Language 2 Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS2Binary Code for OS1
CLR on OS2
Source Code for Language 2

18. .NET Architecture for Language and Platform Independence
(fan-in and fan-out on MSIL)
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
OS1
CLR on OS1
OS2
Language 2 Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS2Binary Code for OS1
CLR on OS2
Source Code for Language 2
MSIL Code Confirming CTS (Managed Code)

19. CLI (Common Language Infrastructure)
CLR/CTS for Everyone?

20. CLI : Common Language Infrastructure
A specification defines an environment for multiple
high-level languages to be used on different computer
platforms.
Created by Microsoft based on .NET, standardized by
MS, Intel, HP and others, ratified by ECMA and ISO.
.NET is an implementation of CLI for desktop systems.
.NET Compact Framework is an implementation of CLI
for portable devices.
Open Source implementations: Mono development
platform (Novell), Portable .NET (dotGNU)

21. CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) Specification
Open Architecture for Language and Platform Independent Programming
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
OS1
CLR for OS1
OS2
Language 2 Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS2Binary Code for OS1
CLR for OS2
Source Code for Language 2
CIL (Common Intermediate Language) Code
Confirming CTS (Common Type System)

22. Even though, CLI/CTS/CLR can make a program
written in any language to run on any platform,
the entire program (including all libraries used)
has to be on the platform before running.
Can we have part of a program on one computer
and another part of the same program on another
computer?
Distributed Computing. A program is divided into
multiple parts and different parts are distribute on
different computers.
e.g. virtual surgery.

23. Web Enabled & Distributed
.NET

24. What is .NET?
.Net is a framework for developing OS-
platform-independent, programming-
language-independent, web-enabled,
distributed applications.

25. .Net is Web-enabled and Distributed
To run distributed code on the web, we need a
standard way to register the code and a standard
way to access the code.
Registration:
UDDI Registry: Universal Description,
Discovery, and Integration.
Access:
SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol
WSDL: Web Service Description Language

26. .NET Architecture for Web-based Distributed Computing
Client 1
Client 2
Web Service 1
UDDI Registry 1
WSDL Interface 1
UDDI Registry 2
Web Service 2 WSDL Interface 2
SOAP
SOAP
WEB

27. .NET Framework Composition
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework

28. .NET Framework Compositions
Common Language Runtime (CLR ): provides
the runtime environment for MSIL code.
Framework Class Library (FCL) : provides
standard libraries for developing common .Net
applications.
.NET runtime environment comes with
Windows
.NET development environment comes with
Visual Studio

29. OS
Web Services
Distributed
Applications
Common Language Runtime
.Net Framework Class Library
Browser
Accessible
Remote
Applications
(ASP.NET)
Other
Applications
(Mobile, …)
Local
Applications
(Windows
Forms or
Console
Applications)
.NET Application Types

30. .Net Framework Class Library
System
Windows
Forms
(GUI)
Web Data
(Database)
Enterprise
Services
XML
(Data
Description)
String,
…
UI Services
Connection
DataSet XmlDocument
Language Integrated Query,
Windows Presentation Foundation,
Windows Communication Foundation, …

31. .NET Enterprise Servers
Internet Information Services (IIS): web server
Commerce Server: e-commerce server
SQL Server: database server
Exchange Server: MS exchange services
Mobile Information Server: wireless server
Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server:
firewall, proxy, …
BizTalk: B2B (Business-to-Business) server

32. History: .Net & COM : Code Reuse
MFC: Microsoft Foundation Class, code reuse
within an application (process)
COM: Component Object Model, code reuse
across applications (processes)
DCOM: Distributed COM, code reuse across
systems
COM+: Internet-based Enterprise COM, code
reuse across the Internet
.NET: COM+ 2.0, all COM+ services are
available in .NET, even those not in managed
code, interoperable with COM-based applications

33. Versions of .NET
.Net is evolving.
1.0: fundamentals
CLR, FCL
2.0: http://forums.asp.net/t/1115522.aspx
partial classes, profile object, ACL
3.0: http://forums.asp.net/t/1115522.aspx
WCF (Communication),
WWF (Workflow),
WPF (Presentation)
4.0: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/library/ms171868.aspx
DLR (dynamic language runtime)
improved security model
parallel processing (PLINQ)

34. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework

35. Latest .NET Framework
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/vstudio/aa496123
Current version: framework 4.5 (08/2012)
Framework 4.5 for Windows 8.
ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) support in 4.5
on Windows 8 in addition to x86
SIMD (single instruction, multiple data), multi
and many core processors (GPUs). Some support
through Direct3D. No support yet for SSE
(Streaming SIMD Extensions to x86)

36. A Common Language for the
Internet (free of compilation and
translation)?

37. A Common Language for the Internet
• Tim Berners-Lee
• ASCII text (ISO/IEC 8859-1) is platform-independent.
• HTTP (Hyper Text Transport Protocol)
e.g.
GET wp.html
Assembly Language for the Internet
• HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
High-level language for the Internet)
hyper text: text that describes other text
tags: type definition of text in text
<title>WP</title>
all tags are predefined in HTML
only system defined types, no user defined types
Recognizable by all types of computers. (World Wide Web)

38. A Common Language for the Internet
⇒XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
Allow user defined tags (types)
⇒SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
Standards for defining objects for the Internet
Based on XML
⇒WSDL (Web Service Description Language)
Standards for describing web services for the Internet
Based on XML