Analysis of African Swine Fever epidemiology and pig value chains to underpin design of 
an ASF risk management strategy on the Kenya‐Uganda border

Closing workshop of the BecA‐ILRI‐CSIRO‐AusAID project (2011‐13): 
Understanding ASF epidemiology as a basis for control
2nd‐3rd October, 2013. Sarova PanAfric Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

Bouna DIOP and Sam OKUTHE, 
FAO‐ECTAD
FAO‐ECTAD network and control strategy for ASF
REGIONAL ANIMAL HEALTH NETWORKS 
AND CONTROL STRATEGY FOR ASF
Closing workshop BecA‐ILRI‐CSIRO‐AusAid project
Cl i
k h B A ILRI CSIRO A Aid
j t
Nairobi, 2 – 3 October, 2013
Bouna Diop & Sam Okuthe
ECTAD Nairobi
FAO ECTAD Mission
FAO ECTAD Mission
The Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal
Diseases (ECTAD) established in July 2007 aims to:
Promote FAO/AGAH/ECTAD strategies in relation to TADs and other
emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
re emerging
Ensure dissemination of AH information as well as its collection
Advice the national VS on any technical matters related to TADs and
zoonoses
Assist national VS to strengthen their capacity to address and
manage TADs
Support establishment and running of regional platform for
coordination of the control of TADs, zoonoses and EIDs
Provide rapid response in case of outbreaks (CMC-AH)
Perform diseases tracking in collaboration with FAO GLEWS HQ.
Geographic coverage
Geographic coverage
12 countries:

•
•
•
•
•
•

•
Burundi
•
DRC
•
Ethiopia
E hi i
•
Rwanda
South Sudan
South Sudan •
•
Tanzania

Djibouti
Eritrea
Kenya
K
Somalia
Sudan
Uganda

One of the highest concentrations of 
domestics  animals worldwide
One of the largest wildlife population in 
the world
Regional Animal Health Networks
g
REMESA
EARLN &
EAREN
RESOLAB &
RESEPI WA

RESOLAB &
RESEPI CA
EIS & Veterinary
Laboratory and
Diagnostic
Regional Networks in Eastern Africa
g
Laboratory (EARLN) and epidemiology (EAREN) regional
networks have been established since 2008 and 2009
respectively as fora for national epidemiologists and
laboratory experts, to:
y
Increase harmonization 
Improve information sharing
Improve information sharing
Review national disease surveillance, 
response and control programmes,
p
p g
,
Analyse regional and international 
disease trends
Provide early warning at national level
Make recommendations to policy 
p y
makers
EA Sub Network ‐ FMD 
A Sub Network FM
 EARLN‐FMD
• EARLN‐FMD involved in FMD control programmes
• Annual network meetings
Annual network meetings 
• ISO 17025 and 9001 activities in selected 
laboratories 
laboratories
• Laboratory trainings 
• Development of a model field and laboratory 
manual for FMD sampling, surveillance, and 
diagnosis
Recent developments in astern Africa
Recent developments in Eastern Africa 
 Establishment of a Regional Animal Health 
g
Network 

• C
Composed by CVOs
d b CVO
• An umbrella for the regional animal health related 
•
•

networks (EARLN, EAREN)
First meeting held in June 2013 in Addis Ababa
CVOs Kenya and Sudan appointed as Coordinator 
and deputy Coordinators.
and deputy Coordinators.
Suggested setting of the Regional Networks 
gg
g
g
REC

Regional Animal Health 
g
Network (CVOs)

Network 
coordinator

Technical partners

Regional 
Communication 
Network

Regional 
Epidemiology 
Network

Ad hoc 
working group

Regional 
Laboratory 
Network

Ad hoc 
working group

Sub‐Networks 
(for example FMD Sub‐Network)

Regional Socio‐
economic 
Network
Recent developments in Eastern Africa 
p
 Appointment of Regional Networks Coordinators:
Appointment of Regional Networks Coordinators:
• Regional laboratory network: Uganda & Ethiopia
• Regional epidemiology network: Kenya & Tanzania
 First meeting of Regional Network Coordinators held 
in Nairobi 29 – 30 November 2012
in Nairobi, 29 – 30 November 2012.
 Establishment of ASF Working Group
ASF issues – Mombasa Meeting
g
ASF Issues highlighted during the Mombasa meeting:
g g
g
g
 At institutional level:
• Lack of common/harmonized regional animal
Lack of common/harmonized regional animal 
health policies and disease control strategies, 
• Lack of animal health information sharing within 
the region, 
• Weak preparedness, contingency and recovery 
plans that includes compensation, and other 
plans that includes compensation, and other
Standard Operating Procedures.
ASF issues – Mombasa Meeting
g
 At technical level:
• I d
Inadequacies of national and regional 
i
f
i
l d
i
l
epidemiological units capacities 
• Lack of data for descriptive and analytical analysis 
(p g
,
p
,
(pig distribution, trade patterns, environment 
data; socio economic impact of the disease and 
control measures)
control measures)
• Weakness in sample collection, applied diagnostic 
procedures, available human resources and 
d
il bl h
d
equipment capacities,
• Absence of an ASF regional support laboratory 
constrain control efforts.
ASF recommendations – Mombasa Meeting
g
 Eastern Africa ASF working to be set up to address 
ASF issues
ASF i
• Initial members to be from actively reporting 
countries  and where pig population significant in the 
region (Burundi, DRC, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and 
Uganda)
• Uganda as the working group coordinator
ll b
• Collaborating institutions: AU‐IBAR, FAO, ILRI, SVA‐
Sweden, Institutes of Higher learning – UoN, SUA and 
MUK.
MUK
• Focal points to be nominated within a month
ASF recommendations – Mombasa Meeting
g
 Advocacy for the increasing importance of the pig 
sector and consequently increasing impact of the 
sector and consequently increasing impact of the
disease
il
li bl d t
ASF d
 C ll t d
Collect and compile reliable data on ASF and 
information sharing
 Development of an implementation framework for the 
prevention and control for EA based on the regional 
strategy currently under development
 Policy formulation, advocacy and harmonization of 
interventions
 Identify the regional diagnostic lab for ASF
y
g
g
 Identify researchable areas to control the  disease.
ASF Working Group – Launching
g
p
g
 ASF W ki G
ASF Working Group 
launched during a 
Regional Training of 
p
Trainers Workshop on 
veterinary 
epidemiology
epidemiology 
surveillance workshop 
organised by FAO in 
organised by FAO in
Kampala 11 to 14 June 
2013 
ASF Working Group – Country Focal Points
g
p
y
Burundi
DRC
Kenya
Rwanda
Tanzania
Uganda

Nsanganiyumwami Deogratias
Muhindo Selemani
h
d
Joseph Monda
Mwenedata Jean Claude
Meshak Loomu
Noelina Nantima, Coordinator
Noelina Nantima Coordinator
ASF Working Group – Action Plan
g
p
 National consultation on national strategies for the 
control of ASF probably facilitated by FAO
 Create modalities for the selection of regional 
diagnostic labs for ASF using the model from AI
Establish a framework for sampling at the field level
 Establish a framework for sampling at the field level
 Undertake more data collection on distribution of 
diseases
 Compile country specific reports on ASF
 Harmonize surveillance of ASF
i
ill
f S
 Develop preparedness and contingency plans
ASF Working Group – Action Plan
g
p
 Develop tools for sharing information
 Sharing information between cross border districts and 
cross‐border collaboration in outbreak investigations
 Create a harmonized  framework for the preparation of 
awareness messages and communication strategies for 
awareness messages and communication strategies for
livestock keepers
 ASF sub‐network working group to look into sylvatic
ASF sub‐network working group to look into sylvatic
cycles 
 Bring on board other stakeholders including private
Bring on board other stakeholders including private 
sector, conservation agencies and farmers
 S
Strategy for social mobilization and advocacy
f
i l
bili i
d d
 Resource mobilization
ASF Regional Control Strategy
g
gy
 Jointly developed through the technical partners 
(FAO, ILRI and AU‐IBAR)
(FAO ILRI d AU IBAR)
 Fast draft produced
p
 Distribution for comments and inputs
VISION
VISIO
 African continent where ASF no longer constrains 
g
sustainable pig production and rural development or 
threatens livelihoods. This will contribute to food and 
threatens livelihoods This will contribute to food and
nutrition security, poverty alleviation and economic 
growth in Africa 
th i Af i
ASF Regional Control Strategy
g
gy
OBJECTIVES
 To control ASF in infected countries and 
 To prevent the introduction of ASF into non‐
infected countries. 
infected countries.
ASF Regional Control Strategy
g
gy
OUTPUTS
 E id i l
Epidemiology and socio‐economic drivers for ASF 
d
i
i di
f ASF
status, spread, prevention and control are better 
d t d
understood
 Awareness of farmers, butchers and other pig sector 
stakeholders is raised
t k h ld i i d
 Capacities of veterinary services in disease detection, 
di
i
ill
t
ti
diagnosis, surveillance, management, contingency 
planning and emergency response as well as  risk 
analysis are strengthened
l i
t
th
d
 Prevalence and impact of ASF are reduced
 P f
Performance of pig and pork value chains are 
f i
d
k l
h i
improved. 
ASF Regional Control Strategy
g
gy
STRATEGIC APROACH
Three founding principles:
 Knowledge‐based: Controlling ASF should be based on 
the best available epidemiological and socio economic 
the best available epidemiological and socio‐economic
knowledge, experiences and on optimal preparedness 
to reduce prevalence and prevent further spread of
to reduce prevalence and prevent further spread of 
ASF recognizing that eradication may not be possible in 
the current African context.
the current African context
ASF Regional Control Strategy
g
gy
STRATEGIC APROACH (2)
 Area‐specific: Responding to ASF entails a) addressing 
country‐specific and sector‐specific epidemiological 
scenarios and technical options for its prevention and 
control; b) developing regional and national capacities 
to monitor the scenarios, implement and maintain 
these technical options; c) providing sustainable, 
technically sound and socially equitable support against 
ASF
ASF Regional Control Strategy
g
gy
STRATEGIC APROACH (3)
 Holistic approach: Considering that the predominant 
pig production system predisposes rapid transmission 
and spread of the disease, the strategy promotes 
gradual transformation of the less bio‐secure small‐
scale scavenging production system into more bio‐
secure small‐scale semi‐intensive production system. 
The strategy promotes also biosecurity in the semi‐
intensive and intensive production systems.
ASF regional Control Strategy

25
THANK YOU!

FAO‐ECTAD network and control strategy for ASF