The document defines and provides examples of the different types of articles in English - definite and indefinite articles. It explains that "a" and "an" are indefinite articles used with singular countable nouns, while "the" is the definite article used to refer to specific or known nouns. It also discusses the rules for using "a" versus "an" based on whether the following word starts with a vowel or consonant sound.

1. by
Raja Mazhar Iqbal
ELA2-S23-516
Prepared Presentation of Article

2. Welcome to PowerPoint
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4. Definition
The words that come before the noun, noun
equivalents and type of adjective.an known
as article.
in English there are three article:
a, an and The
Examples:
She saw the doctor.
Let’s go to the club.
The Got is a useful animal
Article
Definite indefinite
THE A, An
A, an and the are called articles
A, an are called indefinite articles
The is call definite articles

5. a, an and The
Article + nouns
A
AN
The
People
Places
Things
a car
An apple
The Moon

6. Singular & Plural Article
a book, tree, an umbrella,
A r t i c l e
Use the when singular noun begins
with a consonant or a vowel
The + consonant or vowel
When singular noun begin with vowel & consonant
Plural
A r t i c l e
Singular
A r t i c l e
2 or more
Use no article or the with plural noun
trees, elephants, the cats,
the eggs

7. Comcept of ARTICLE
1-You have seen a word first letter’s sound consonant then use A.
2- a word sound vowel then use An.
Pronunciation

8. Type of Articles
Definite
 “The” is a definite article.
“The” is used for a particular noun we are talking about.
“The” is used with superlatives.
“The” is used with names of rivers, mountains, seas, holy book, place, famous man, Prophets
Example: the Makkah, the car, the sun, the earth, the man, the train, the honest, the sky, the K-2, The Giga mall,
There are two types of article in English use before nouns.
Indefinite
Indefinite articles “A” and “An” are indefinite articles. Used with common nouns which are singular.
 “An” is used before beginning with a vowel sound Example An Owl, an Umbrella, an elephant
 “A” is used before beginning with a consonant sound.
Example : A car, a movie, a horse, a pen

9. Indefinite Articles
“A” or “An” is called the indefinite article, because it usually leaves indefinite the
person or thing spoken of
A doctor that is, any doctor
An umbrella that is, any umbrella
A is used before every singular countable noun which begins with a consonant sound.
A boy, A deer, a horse, a women, a yard, a hole, a cat, a dog, a pen, a college, a university, a uniform, a
one eye man,

10. Indefinite Articles
“An” is used before every singular countable noun
which begins with a vowel sound
A is used before every singular countable noun
which begins with a consonant sound.
Example
An enemy, an ink-pad, an elephant, an egg, an ice-
cream, an orange, an army, an Pakistani

11. Rules of article use
How it works article Rules
1 Use a before consonant sounds
21-alphabets
(bcdfghjklmnpqrstuvxyz)
2 Use an before VOWEL sounds
5 vowel sound A, E, I, O, U
3
Use a or an only with countable nouns.
A or an is not used before plural words.
4
Use a or an to talk about a person or things unknown to your listener.
Use the to talk about a person or thing known to your listener
Example:
A University, An European, An Hour
Example:
An Elephant, An interesting story, An hour
Example
I planted the trees in my garden.
Can you open a window?

12. Where not to use articles
1 When noun is used in general sense.
Man is mortal.
2
With the names of materials
Gold is very expensive.
We get wood from plans.
3
With plural nouns
children are naughty
With name of diseases “fever, typhoid, malaria”
He is down with fever
With name of meals “breakfast, lunch, dinner”
Dinner should be the meal.
I eat lunch at 1 PM.

13. Where not to use articles
1 When noun is used in general sense.
Man is mortal.
2
With the names of materials
Gold is very expensive.
We get wood from plans.
3
With plural nouns
children are naughty
With name of diseases “fever, typhoid, malaria”
He is down with fever
With name of meals “breakfast, lunch, dinner”
Dinner should be the meal.
I eat lunch at 1 PM.

14. Omission of Articles
Before the names of relations “father, uncle, sister”
Before the names of materials “gold, silver, diamond”
Before proper noun “Islamabad, China, KFC”
Before abstract noun “wisdom, truth, honesty”
Before language “Urdu, English, Arabi”
Before certain phrases “at noon, by train, on foot”
Don’t use before Uncountable noun “ sugar, salt”
Sugar is bad for your teeth.

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