The document discusses the articles "a", "an", and "the" in English grammar. It provides rules for when to use "a" versus "an", such as using "an" before words beginning with vowel sounds. It also explains that "the" is used before both singular and plural nouns to indicate a specific person, place, or thing. Some examples of when to use "the" include before names of rivers, mountains, books, and nationalities. The document contrasts the indefinite articles "a" and "an" with the definite article "the".

1. ARTICLES
The three little words a, an and the are called articles.
Rules for Articles
A/An Example
1. ‘An ’ is used before singular countable
nouns and before words beginning with
a vowel;
a e i o u
An Apple
An Ice-Cream
1. We use ‘An’ before words beginning
with a silent’h’ (h is not pronounced).
An hour
An honest man
3. ‘A’ is used before singular countable
nouns and words beginning with other
letters of alphabets called consonants,
except the silent ‘h’.
b c d f g h j k l m n
p q r s t v w x y z
A bat
A ball
4. We use ‘a’ before words beginning with
the vowel ‘u’ in which the sound of’u’ is like
the word ‘you’
A uniform
A utensil
"a" and "an" are called the indefinite articles because they indicate any
person,animal or thing.
For example:
Do you have a pencil?
I want to have an apple.

2. Test Yourself:
Fill in the blanks with “a” or “an”
__________________ Owl. _____________ European man. ______Dog.
________Bright smile _____________ Aeroplane __________Castle
Article ”The”:
 ‘The’ is used before Singular and Plural words.
 Below is the table which shows some cases when “the” is used”
‘The’ is used - Examples
Before name of rivers The Nile, The Brahmaputra, The Hoogly
Before names of Seas The Red Sea, The Arabian Sea,The Persian Gulf
Before names of mountains and mountain
Ranges
The Himalayas, The Alps, The Andes
Before names of famous buildings The Taj Mahal, the Red Fort, the Qutub Minar
Before names of Holy books and newspapers The Ramayan,the Bible, the Times of India
Before names of people(nations) The English, the French,the Chinese
When there is only one such thing The Sun, the moon, the earth
To indicate the class of anything The lion is the king of the animals.
Before Superlatives The best book, the most interesting story
Before Ordinals The first of March, the twelfth man

3.  ‘the’ is not used in the below cases:
‘The’ is not used - Examples
Before the names of materials, out of which it
is made
Furniture is made out of wood.
Before the names of the games Cricket is my favourite game.
Before the names of People or Places i.e
Proper Nouns
Sheela went to Mumbai
“The” is called definite article because it indicates a particular person, animal or
thing you are talking about.
For example:
The cat sat on the couch.
The dog attacked me and ran away.