Bill of rights may be the collective name give to the ten amendments which has been done in the constitution in the United States. While, some of these amendments are very important others have a less significance in comparison. The essay will discuss the most important amendments in the bill of rights. In addition to this, the argument of James Wilson on the bill of rights will be done. Most important amendments

1. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights

2. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
Take Home Exam:1 : Bill of Rights and argument by Wilson
Introduction
Bill of rights may be the collective name give to the ten amendments which has been done in the
constitution in the United States. While, some of these amendments are very important others have a
less significance in comparison. The essay will discuss the most important amendments in the bill of
rights. In addition to this, the argument of James Wilson on the bill of rights will be done.
Most important amendments
The most important amendment was that none of the governments will be forcing any person to accept
any specific religion and would be free to follow any religion of their choice which they want to
worship. It is the decision of a person to follow any religion and to be a part of the same. Religion is
something which can't be foisted on anyone. In addition to this, few more liberties has been added such
as the freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly. The people can join any club or
political parties at there own will. For the same, they will not have to discuss from anyone. In addition
to this, it offers the freedom to petition (Barbour, C., & Wright, 2014). Another important law is that
each and every state has the right to bear a well regulated military and the citizens should get the right
to keep arms. This is a good change as keeping the arms can ensure safety for the people. Another
important amendment is one which guarantees that the people of America will be getting the jury trial
in civil case where the property involved is more than $20.
James Wilson argued that the congressional powers are something which are required to be collected

3. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
not from the implications but from the expression of the positive grants. He states that everything
which has been given is reserved. He said that the presence of the bill of rights, may state that one tries
to throw every power in the hands of the general government which is not reserved by the people.
Thus, he argued against the bill of rights.
Conclusion
Keeping in mind about the change in the situations of USA, the changes were considered as important
and have been implemented for the benefits of the citizens.
2) Take Home Final exam essay: Changing American politics and Polarization: Arguments by
Wilson
Introduction
There are a number of changes in the politics of USA from the past to the present times. Over the years,
a number of changes has been observed as per the requirements observed by the government bodies
and on the basis of the people's demand. There are a number of important changes which are important
in the present context and are a subject of discussion and argument. In the report, the arguments done
by James Q. Wilson on the issue of polarization in USA and the changes in American politics in the
past has been done. There will be the analysis of the argument done by Wilson on these issues and the
conclusion will be derived for the same.
Changing politics in America
Wilson has given his argument over the issues related to American politics and the polarization of

4. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
America. He stated that after the elections which were conducted in the year 2004, the nation had been
divided deeply. This was because of the division of the elites as per the observation of some of the
scholars, but the same was not true. Wilson has argued, that he does not agrees to these views.
According to his view, the congress and other interest groups acts in such an environment that it is an
ideological vacuum. He says that it is not the elites who have been divided but it is the people who has
been divided.
Argument by Wilson-Polarization: A congress opinion
In order to support the argument, he has also used the hostile tone in order to characteristic the personal
opinion of each and every one, their personality, opinions and views. With respect to any specific
political issues, he states that the differences between the opinions can be dramatic. According to the
opinions from a Gallup poll which has been conducted in the year 2005, there has been a great divide
between the approval by President Bush for the Republicans and democrats. He states that there has
been such a wide gap among the pools. He again cites that according to the report by CBS/ New York
Times Gallup polls, he find a lot of divisions between the republicans and democrats on a number of
key questions. These question includes the invasion of Iraq for which the democrats gave 22% votes
and republicans gave 78 % votes, the things going in Iraq are well and it is find to have a baby out of
wedlock.
On polarization Wilson further claims that, these kind of polarized results are different from the one
which were observed from the political divisions during the past times. He gives his opinions that
through USA was divided from the years between 1948 to 1996, but it was not actually polarized

5. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
during those times.
According to Wilson, polarization can be defined as an intense commitment which may be provided to
any candidate, culture or any given ideology. Further, he also explains that there are different
expressions related to polarization in the present times (Barbour, C., & Wright, 2014). This may be
related to the expression which may be relating the negation and the process of demonetization of the
opposite side. He adds that the commitment of a candidate is visible when a candidate who is losing is
not regarded to be wrong but as a person who is corrupted and wicked (Herring,, 1989). Another
examples is when one culture might be regarded as superior to another or when one kind of political
belief is so powerful that it is thought to be completely correct on all instances and sets each and every
other thing as rivalry.
Wilson has tried to explain three different reasons for the increase of polarization in the present times.
The first reason is the changes in the politics of the congress. In order to explain the same, he considers
the division between republicans and democrats which was there during the times of impeachment of
Clinton in the year 1998. The budget which was passed in the year 1993, did not had any single vote
from the end of the republicans. He states that since 1950, it has been observed that there has been a
slight increase in the overall percentage of votes which has lead to the majority of democrats against
the majority of republicans (Wilson, 2005). Other than this, there has been the elimination of a large
number of liberal conservatives and conservative liberals. In the present times only two opposite sides
has been left out which are the democrats and the republicans.
He further adds that because of the split within the part there has been a lot of increase in the incivility
of the congress. He tries to reminds about the times when the congress made the worst kinds of remarks
about one another and also beat their rivals by the use of canes and fists.

6. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
Another contention which has been provided by Wilson is related to mass media. He states that because
of the competitiveness in mass media, they use to ignite the issue of polarization. He tries to explain
that in those times when there were a very few television stations and news channels, the media tried to
increase its gravity in the political center (Miller, 2013). But, in the present times the mass media has
gone towards being adversary. He states that in the present world, media has a large number of lines of
access which reflects the maximization of the controversies. This has also led to the cultivation and
creation of niche markets.
Another reason for the increase in polarization has been because of the interest groups which tries to
concentrate around the different kinds of issues related to material and economic conditions. He
explains that these interest groups are the one who constitute themselves around the social and the
cultural activities including the human rights and other moral questions. Some of the early groups who
have been the part of the same, has gathered a lot of advantage by being in the principle where they are
open to compromise (Layman et al, 2006). Though, these interest groups has been divided on the
number of issues related to society, culture etc. Wilson states that in the postmodern age, compromise is
very difficult tendency.
In order to answer the question related to the spread of polarization beyond the political elites, he gives
the argument that the polarization of elites is something which may go down to the people as per their
levels of awareness about politics. He explains that whenever there is an increase in the education level
in the country, more and more people will be politically aware about the situations in the country. He
states that the people who are politically aware may be likely to be the ones who are well-educated and
have been going to schools and colleges (Uslaner, 2015). Also, the educated people are interested in
hearing about political information from the mass media. They are much more aware in the recent
times and are more open to different kinds of political queues. This is another factors which has led to

7. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
the disaggregation between different kinds of wealth and political interests.
Further, Wilson also cites a study which suggests that the people have different voting behaviors in the
present times. The people in the past voted in the same manner like business managers but now they try
to identify from their knowledge.
Conclusion
There has been massive change in the political situations in the world. Polarization has effected the
politics of America in the recent times. Wilson has clearly stated from his arguments that polarization is
a development which may destructive for America both at the domestic and the international level.
While at domestic levels it has created the road to the disenchanted populace, distrustful and other
alienated forms. On the international level, polarization has led to the creation of an intolerable
subversion of the credibility of the nation.
References
Barbour, C., & Wright, G. C. (2014). Keeping the republic: Power and citizenship in American politics.
Cq Press.
Herring, C. (1989). CONVERGENCE, POLARIZATION, OR WHAT?. The Sociological
Quarterly, 30(2), 267-281.
Layman, G. C., Carsey, T. M., & Horowitz, J. M. (2006). Party polarization in American politics:
Characteristics, causes, and consequences. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci., 9, 83-110.

8. Arguments by Wilson on Polarization and Bill of Rights
James Wilson, (2005), Politics and Polarization , Ronald Reagan Professor of Public Policy, Pepperdine
University
Uslaner, E. M. (2015, October). Congressional Polarization and Political Trust. In The Forum (Vol. 13,
No. 3, pp. 361-373).
Miller, W. J. (2013). The Polarized America Coverage, Characters, and Issues in the New
Decade. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(1), 3-7.