The document discusses organizational management, emphasizing its significance in effectively planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve business goals. It compares organizational management as both a science and an art, detailing its processes and techniques, including scientific management theory developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor. Additionally, it highlights the importance of classroom management in educational settings, providing strategies for teachers to enhance student engagement and success.

1. Organization Management
By Student’s Name
Course
Tutor
University
Department

2. Organization Management
Introduction
Organizational Management has been defined as the style of managing business of an
organization is big or small. This management process involves the process of organizing,
planning, leading and controlling the resources along with the main essence of achieving the goal
of the business as well. The reason why organizational management is approached is that it
provides better decision making capabilities which is both effective and useful to the way in
which an organization can run and also carry on proper management strategies (Nikolakopulos,
n.d.).
The organizational management is incomplete without the input provided by use of planning
process, execution of goals in the organization, leadership and controlling resources which
defines the final stage of organizational management process. There is great amount of benefits
which the organizational management carries out such as designing of the organizational
structure which is the base of creating the organization’s framework (Nikolakopulos, n.d.). It
also includes the ownership information which is more inclined towards the legal structure of the
organization describing whether the organization is a partnership business, sole proprietor or
even limited company business. The organizational market is also important to focus on the
market analysis where the market related features are highlighted pretty well with proper
understanding and elaborate performance of management (US Small Business Administration,
n.d.).
Organizational management aims towards providing alternative solutions for the organizational
change which also affects the business environment of the company in a major way as well. The
concept of organizational management works on very strict analysis of change practices and
discourse. Organizational management also encourages inter departmental communication which
helps in smooth functioning of the organization’s work (Emeraldgroup, n.d.).
Scientific Management:
Scientific management as a theory improves an organization’s efficiency skills and also
improves on the task completion method by utilizing scientific, engineering and mathematical

3. analysis. The main aim of applying the scientific management theory is to reduce waste, increase
the process cycle and also create such a distribution of goods which may also help in serving the
common goals and interests of the employers, employees and the society as a whole
(Educationportal, n.d.). This theory as created by the famous economists Frederick Winslow
Taylor who initiated the scientific management process. This theory was developed during the
early 20th
century where the basic and primary skills as well as principles of scientific
management were the key contributors as long as the management of the organization is
concerned. There are mainly four principles of scientific management which are stated as
follows:
 “Rule of thumb” can be used to replace work under the scientific management skills and
also a simple habit of common sense can be applied in order to study the scientific
management method as it determines how efficiently work or specific tasks can be
performed.
 Instead of assigning jobs in a simple way one must match the workers and their job on
the grounds of their capability and motivation factors and also provide training to the
workers for enhancing their efficiency.
 Monitor the performance of the workers and also guide them with instructions so that
supervision can ensure that most efficient working methods have been used.
 Work has been allocated among the managers and workers in such a way that the
managers can spend their time in planning out and also training the workers towards
performing their tasks efficiently (Mindtools, n.d.)
Scientific management of Taylor has been criticized for its notion of maintaining “one right
way” of doing things in an organization. Even though the application of scientific
management and its principles mainly focused on improving its productivity and had a major
impact on the industry, its functioning lead to monotony of work instead. (Mindtools,
n.d.)The main essential features of job dimensions and its skill variety, identifying task, its
significance, autonomy and feedback from the management staff, all of these were mainly
missing from the entire scenario of scientific management. One major reason for the
drawback of scientific management was that it was not accepted by most of the workers and
this is why it led to negative aspects of the scientific management and its policies. The

4. principles of this management were very mechanic instead of being practical and applicable.
Since it was more inclined towards the technical aspect, therefore it failed to appreciate the
work done by people. This led to dearth of motivation and workplace satisfaction among the
workers and turned the scientific management principles into a negative management skill
which was not practice post such criticisms (W Taylor, n.d.). Example of scientific
management is that of Virgin media’s approach to involve its employees in the theory of
Taylor’s scientific management and use its principles as strategies to recognize achievement
of employees.
Class Management
Class management has been referred to as classroom management where an effective
classroom management basically consists of teachers behaviors as they can produce a higher
level of students who are involved in classroom activities. This management is organized in such
a way that the students do not interfere with the work of the student and instead make efficient
use of the time allotted to them (Dailyteachingtools, n.d.).Teachers who are able to practice
effective class management are mainly efficient in the following skills as well, such as:
 Planning rules and procedure to be adopted for classroom management carefully
 Systematically teaching the students about the importance and benefit of scientific
management
 Instruction provided to students so that they too can increase their task engagement and
success.
 Communicating and directing to the students the level of expectation which they have to
provide to the managers who are managing the class management.
Effective class management mainly consists of three primary pillars such as clear rituals and
routines, adequate motivation and adequately managing the class management. Class
management will also include the idea of student achievement by improving the relation
between the student and teachers in the class so that the communication skills of both the
parties can be enhanced and that there is enough functionality being carried out with respect
to the guidance, observation and analysis of the work. Experienced class management
techniques provide high priority and also present an important area of concern where things

5. can be made to look easy and positive as well (H. Stronge, D. Tucker and L. Hindman,
2004).
Class management is basically the activities and strategies which a teacher uses in order to
solve out any problems pertaining to the classroom management. With the use of effective
procedures and techniques, class management can be used in order to influence and create a
constructive management structure. Managing class management in organizations is also
related to focusing on safe classroom management techniques and materials that optimize
learning and also reduce distractions. Class management is incomplete without analyzing the
manner in which students behave and work on the rules and regulations of the influences
which one gains from class management (H. Stronge, D. Tucker and L. Hindman,
2004).Class management is extremely important since it helps in engaging the students in
learning material, keeps the students prepared so that lessons are learned easier and with
more effect. Class management helps in boosting up the confidence of the teachers as well as
the students, therefore structuring and building up the confidence of the students. Class
management can be practiced only when there is an organized technique or method adopted
for this purpose. On following the below stated guidelines class management can be
efficiently handled:
 Keeping the class interested
 Practicing fairness in the work of the teachers and students
 Practicing humor in order to keep a positive environment in the class.
 Provide examples to students so that they too understand and become like leaders.
 Giving opportunities to students so that become confident and are able to overall
manage the workflow.
 Students must not be humiliated as it can affect their psychological condition since
childhood itself.
 Teachers should always be alert and available with respect to handling children and
their query(NG, 2014)
Organization is science or art

6. Business organization as a science is important since it includes the systematic knowledge of
the subject of science which leads to establishing a relationship between the reasons for
management of organization and its overall effect on the work. We can consider business
organization to be a science because there are a lot of principles arranged in systematic structure
which is basically based on experiments that show a clear relationship between cause and effect.
One good example which can define organization as science and which also holds a part of the
organizational principles (Referenceforbusiness, n.d.).The practicing managers also believe that
an organization is better defined when it is estimated to be as science. The managers believe that
scientific foundation of the piece of organization is a craft that is incomplete without the
determination involved in objective way to the course of action. There have been management
techniques that have described the managers working in an organization as scientists. As a
science, organization is very well related to the sociology as it deals with people who conduct
and formulate social relationships which are specialized in connection with psychology. Even
though one may consider organization as science yet there are a few limitations as well which
deals with materials and conditions becoming complex and having hypothesis. Approach of
psychology also promises that organization is more about practically useable results and which is
why it is to be considered as science. The idea of emphasizing on reducing the inefficiencies and
psychological understanding of workers in an organization define the real meaning of science
(Witzel, 2001).
Business organization as art means that business is doing a good job in the best possible manner.
It mainly shows business can undertake various tasks and activities which will help the business
in achieving goals. It is an art since the manner in which organization will carry out the business
is given very well and the principles indicate best possible rules and regulations to conduct
business. An example of organization as an art would be the principle of labor division in the
best possible manner where there is appropriate division of work among all employees and
managers as per the duties and responsibilities each one can handle with lesser production costs
and increased efficiency level (Lotte Forchhammer, n.d.).The way management of an
organization thinks and cooperates in a professional way with contemporary trends shows that an
organization is best describes when it is an art. In order to develop structural dynamics for the
organization to function, there is huge impact on the financial, political and structural dynamics
as all the factors are also very well visible. Organization as an art has also been mentioned by the

7. philosopher K.E.Logstrup who mentioned that an individual can communicate self-delivering
ideas of trust among each other by depending and working on as a team. Organization as an art
also creates innovation and this leads to building up a creative person instead. Democratic
innovation and the best way in which organization is designed shows the individual
independence with which an organization can acknowledge the members and the group’s mutual
dependence. (Singla, 2011)
Organization as science versus art
Organization management is the most important and toughest aspect of handling an organization
and its requirements. It is recommended that first the nature of the organization and its social
process has to be understood such that the managers can integrate and also coordinate the
resources in order to achieve the common estimated goals. With the presence of knowledge and
discipline in all spheres of the organization and its management, it is important to coordinate the
art and science of management into the organization management as well (Stein, 2010). Peter
Drucker has worked upon the principle theories of organization management where he defined
that the style of management n an organization would decide whether one should accept it is art
or science. A general framework regarding the working of an organization can be represented to
be a large constitution with work motive as focusing on the systematic set of theoretical and
practical studies (Drucker, 1992).The organization management studies have also been inclined
towards working on the right size of a business so that the size is such that it can fit in the
technology and strategies which help in running a market. The main challenge which
organization management may receive under this aspect is regarding the manner in which
professionals would accept the theories and guidance give to the employers in an organization. A
company’s performance in order to improve its management functioning can be given once the
idea between organization management being a science or art is confirmed (Drucker, 1992).
Conclusion
Organization management has been joined together to form one single management theory but in
reality it is comprised of two separate theories of management. Organization management is
necessary to be established in all kinds of organization irrespective of the nature of goods which

8. the industry processes. With a combination of a random group of people, an organization is
created as it comes gradually step by step to the management authorities as well. An organization
management is created and handled for the basic purpose of achieving a designated mission,
vision, strategies and goals. Management as a process has been described to coordinate all the
resources available in the organization and then working it towards achievement of the desired
aims and goals (A. Miles, 2012). An organization management involves a lot of statistical and
data knowledge which can be used to coordinate the various parts and sub parts of an
organization along with separated departments. Organization management uses all kinds of
integrating force which can be well organized in an activity as well.
Organization management identifies those activities which it can be group into particular
departments or even use to assign jobs to the individuals since if a single person is able to handle
responsibilities then it can be estimated that the group would also perform better. Organization
management involves various functions such as the following:
 Identifying activities required for achieving objectives and also implementing of plans is
a major function of the organization management.
 Grouping activities in order to create a self-satisfying job
 Assigning jobs to employees
 Delegating authority to enable performance of jobs and also for commanding resources
needed to carry out the performance.
 Establishment of a network where relationships can be coordinated.
 Organization process results in an organized structure (Agarwal, 2007).
Therefore, it can be stated that organization management works very well as it can coordinate
and combine the human capital along with financial resources in productive format and
working in for the achievement of the enterprise objectives. Organization management can
be utilized in the best possible manner by proper and wise decision making in the
organization functioning and its coordinated events.

9. References
Emeraldgroup, (n.d.). Aims and Scope of Organizational Management. [online] Available at:
http://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/jocm.htm [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015].
Nikolakopulos, A. (n.d.). The Definition of Organizational Management. [online]
Smallbusinesschron. Available at: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/definition-organizational-
management-37684.html [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015].
US Small Business Administration, (n.d.). Organization & Management. [online] Available at:
https://www.sba.gov/content/organization-management [Accessed 9 Jan. 2015].
A. Miles, J. (2012). Management and Organization Theory: A Jossey-Bass Reade. Wiley
Publications, pp.10-11.
Agarwal, R. (2007). Organization and Management. Tata McGraw Hill, pp.7-8.
Dailyteachingtools, (n.d.). Classroom Organization Contributes to Effective Classroom
Management. [online] Available at: http://www.dailyteachingtools.com/effective-
classroom-management.html [Accessed 10 Jan. 2015].
Drucker, P. (1992). Managing for the Future. Butterworth Heinemann, pp.18-19.
Educationportal, (n.d.). Scientific Management: Theories, Principles & Definition. [online]
Available at: http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/scientific-management-theories-
principles-definition.html [Accessed 10 Jan. 2015].
H. Stronge, J., D. Tucker, P. and L. Hindman, J. (2004). Handbook for Qualities of Effective
Teachers. Association for supervision and curriculum department, pp.63-64.
Lotte Forchhammer, A. (n.d.). Organization is an art. [online] Cifs. Available at:
http://www.cifs.dk/scripts/artikel.asp?id=1662&lng=3 [Accessed 10 Jan. 2015].
Mindtools, (n.d.). Frederick Taylor and Scientific Management. [online] Available at:

10. http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_Taylor.htm [Accessed 10 Jan. 2015].
NG, F. (2014). Effective Classroom Management: How to Maintain Discipline In A Classroom.
[online] Udemy. Available at: https://www.udemy.com/blog/effective-classroom-
management-2/ [Accessed 10 Jan. 2015].
Referenceforbusiness, (n.d.). FOUNDATIONS OF THE MANAGEMENT AS A SCIENCE
PERSPECTIVE Read more: http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/A-
Bud/The-Art-and-Science-of-Management.html#ixzz3OP7o2s5t. [online] Available at:
http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/A-Bud/The-Art-and-Science-of-
Management.html [Accessed 10 Jan. 2015].
Singla, R. (2011). Business Organization. VK India Enterprises, pp.10-11.
Stein, G. (2010). Managing People and Organizations: Peter Drucker's Legacy. Emerald Group
Publishing Limited, pp.17-18.
W Taylor, F. (n.d.). The Principles of Scientific Management, 1911. [online] Modern history
sourcebook. Available at: http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1911taylor.html [Accessed
10 Jan. 2015].
Witzel, M. (2001). Organization Behaviour,1890-1940. Thoemmes Press, pp.164-166.