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Are you ready for cloud-native java JavaCro2019
- 1. 1 Are you ready for Cloud-Native Java? Stewart Addison - @sxaTech Jamie Coleman - @Jamie_Lee_C 1
- 2. 2 Who we are Stewart Addison @sxaTech
- 3. 3 Quiz You’ve been deploying Java applications for years and want to move to a cloud-native approach. Do you? a. Decide cloud-native is so different you should throw out everything you know and have done and start over again. b. Decide cloud-native is just a “storm-in-a-teacup” and hunker down till the clouds have passed. c. Understand how modern Java runtimes let you re-use and extend what you have in order to create new cloud-native applications. @sxaTech
- 4. 4 What’s special about Cloud? 4 @sxaTech
- 5. What ‘Cloud’ promises a virtual, dynamic environment which maximizes use, is infinitely scalable, always available and needs minimal upfront investment or commitment Take your code – host it on someone else's machine and pay only for the resource you use for the time you use it AND be able to do that very quickly and repeatedly in parallel @sxaTech
- 6. https://www.flickr.com/photos/vuhung/ “Compute on demand” – it’s what we’ve always wanted
- 7. Cloud computing: compute = money Money changes everything With a measurable and direct relationship between $£€¥ and CPU/RAM, disk etc the financial success or failure of a project is even easier to see And that means… Even more focus on value for money. @sxaTech
- 8. compute == money $ == GB/hr -Xmx: $100@sxaTech
- 10. Demand time How does your application respond to demand? @sxaTech
- 11. Demand time One big server running all the time? @sxaTech
- 12. Demand time One big server running all the time?Look at all that wasted money! @sxaTech
- 13. Demand Smaller compute units are better @sxaTech
- 14. Demand time Smaller compute units are better @sxaTech
- 16. Time Lag Over-Peak usage Doesn’t fit new model Costs $ Costs more $ Memory Throughput @sxaTech
- 17. Time More like this please Memory Throughput @sxaTech
- 18. To save money, cloud demands: • Small runtime memory footprint • Small deployment sizes • Fast starting applications • No resource usage when idle @sxaTech
- 19. Can we do this all with a JVM? @sxaTech
- 20. 20 Quiz Is Cloud so different that the JVM is no longer relevant? a. Yes - lets move everything to Node.js. b. Maybe – even re-tuning the JVM isn’t going to cut it. c. No – Not all JVMs are the same… @sxaTech
- 22. Java ME ... JAVA ME REQUIREMENTS Small footprint - On disk and runtime. - Very limited RAM, usually more ROM Fast startup - Everybody wants their games to start quickly Quick / immediate rampup - Game shouldn’t play better the longer you play @sxaTech
- 23. Java ME vs Java in the Cloud JAVA ME REQUIREMENTS JAVA IN THE CLOUD REQUIREMENTS Small footprint - On disk and runtime. - Very limited RAM, usually more ROM Small footprint - Improves density for providers - Improves cost for applications Fast startup - Everybody wants their games to start quickly Fast startup - Faster scaling for increased demand Quick / immediate rampup - Game shouldn’t play better the longer you play Quick / immediate rampup - GB/hr is key, if you run for less time you pay less money @sxaTech
- 25. 25 @sxaTech
- 27. http://www.eclipse.org/openj9https://github.com/eclipse/ope nj9 Dual License: Eclipse Public License v2.0 Apache 2.0 Users and contributors very welcome https://github.com/eclipse/openj9/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md Eclipse OpenJ9 Released Sept 2017 @sxaTech
- 28. 28 @sxaTech
- 29. Java8 startup time comparison OpenJ9 improved application startup time on average by 15% in the past year System info : Linux Intel X5667 : 2 cores with Hyperthreading enabled (4 logical cpus) 0 0.5 1 1.5 OpenJ9 0.8 OpenJ9 0.12 Hotspot SpringBoot application (AcmeAir) running on Tomcat 0 0.5 1 1.5 OpenJ9 0.8 OpenJ9 0.12 Hotspot Tradelite application running on Liberty 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 OpenJ9 0.8 OpenJ9 0.12 Hotspot Eclipse IDE application 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 OpenJ9 0.8 OpenJ9 0.12 Hotspot Jenkins application running on Liberty
- 30. 30 Results Footprint is 66% smaller with OpenJ9 Hotspot OpenJ9 OpenJ9 -Xshareclasses - Xquickstart Footprint (MB)
- 32. Time Real data OpenJDK 9 with Hotspot @sxaTech
- 33. Java8 AOT old/new performance comparison @sxaTech OpenJ9 AOT code: rampup improved 15%, throughput by 10% in the past year
- 34. OpenJ9-OpenSSL JCE acceleration on different ciphers Open source JCE solution uses OpenSSL native code to accelerate JCE ciphers OpenJ9-OpenSSL JCE improves crypto performance significantly on Linux X86 Primitive (1024 bytes payload) Speedup : OpenJ9-OpenSSL vs OpenJ9 aes-128-cbc-encrypt 4.5X aes-128-gcm-encrypt 15X aes-128-cbc-decrypt 15X aes-128-gcm-decrypt 13.5X sha256 2X rsa 3X @sxa555
- 35. OpenJ9 is established technology J9 JVM a central hub for innovation within IBM Cognitive Analytics Cloud Business Insights Application Platform Microsoft® Windows® J9 JVMConsistent Java Platform Experience Platform feature exploitation
- 36. Eclipse Open J9 Designed from the start to span all the operating systems needed by IBM products This JVM can go from small to large Can handle constrained environments or memory rich ones Is used by the largest enterprises on the planet If any JVM can be said to be at the heart of the enterprise – its this one. 36@sxaTech
- 37. OpenJDK with OpenJ9 Performance Advantages over OpenJDK (Hotspot) 37 Superior Runtime Characteristics Whole Life-Cycle Optimizations Broad Platform Support IBM Runtimes for Business includes support for the high performant OpenJ9 Runtime technology @sxa555
- 38. http://www.eclipse.org/openj9https://github.com/eclipse/ openj9 Dual License: Eclipse Public License v2.0 Apache 2.0 Users and contributors very welcome https://github.com/eclipse/openj9/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md Eclipse OpenJ9 Created Sept 2017 @sxaTech
- 39. @sxaTech
- 40. 40 Quiz Cloud-Native Java. Are we done then? a. Yes - nothing to see. Move along. b. Not really – still need to re-architect my application c. No – actually Cloud-Native introduces some new challenges
- 41. 4141 What you run can outweigh the JVM benefits
- 43. 43 Application Design App Code 1 2 3 Architecture Team A C B Monolith Microservices
- 47. 47 Quiz You’ve been deploying Java applications for years and want to move to a cloud-native approach. Do you? a. Decide cloud-native is so different you should throw out everything you know and have done and start over again. b. Decide cloud-native is just a “storm-in-a-teacup” and hunker down till the clouds have passed. c. Understand how modern Java runtimes let you re-use and extend what you have in order to create new cloud-native applications.
- 48. 4848 Not all cloud-native challenges can be solved by the runtime
- 49. 49 Things to THINK about when using Microservices… + + + service C service B service A • Network Latency • Logging • Fault Tolerance • More complicated Security • Deploying/managing microservices can be complex
- 50. 5050
- 51. 51 MicroProfile Stack microprofile.io Kubernetes IstioDocker Health CheckMetrics Open Tracing JAX-RS JSON-PCDI Config Fault Tolerance JWT Propagation Open API Rest Client JSON-B
- 52. 52 There’s a good chance you’ll use REST APIs.
- 53. 53 JAX-RS B @Path("/brews") @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) public class BrewsResource { @POST public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) {...) }
- 54. 54 MicroProfile REST Client BA @RegisterRestClient @Path("/resources/brews") @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) public interface BaristaClient { @POST public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew); }
- 55. 55 CDI BA @Path("/orders") public class OrdersResource { @Inject CoffeeShop coffeeShop; ... }
- 56. 56 JSON-B & JSON-P A B ... @POST @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) { CoffeeType coffeeType = brew.getType(); ... } public class CoffeeBrew { private CoffeeType type; public CoffeeType getType() { return type; } public void setType(CoffeeType type) { this.type = type; } }
- 57. 57 Handling 100s of collaborating and frequently evolving services requires new APIs
- 58. 58 Where were we...? A B
- 59. 59 MicroProfile OpenAPI A B openapi: 3.0.0 info: title: Deployed APIs version: 1.0.0 servers: - url: http://grahams-mbp-2.lan:9081/barista paths: /resources/brews: post: operationId: startCoffeeBrew requestBody: content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/CoffeeBrew' responses: default: description: default response components: schemas: CoffeeBrew: type: object properties: type: type: string enum: - ESPRESSO - LATTE - POUR_OVER
- 60. 60 MicroProfile JWT A B @POST @RolesAllowed({ "admin", "coffee-shop" }) public Response startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) {...}
- 61. 61 MicroProfile Fault Tolerance A B @Retry(retryOn = TimeoutException.class, maxRetries = 4, maxDuration = 10, durationUnit = ChronoUnit.SECONDS) public void startCoffeeBrew(CoffeeBrew brew) { Response response = baristaClient.startCoffeeBrew(brew); ... }
- 62. 62 MicroProfile Config A B @ApplicationScoped public class Barista { @Inject @ConfigProperty(name="default_barista_base_url") String baristaBaseURL; ... }
- 63. 63 Handling 100s of collaborating services requires a strong operations focus
- 64. 64 Where were we...? A B
- 65. 65 MicroProfile Health A B @Health @ApplicationScoped public class HealthResource implements HealthCheck { ... public boolean isHealthy() {...} @Override public HealthCheckResponse call() { if (!isHealthy()) { return HealthCheckResponse.named(...).down().build(); } return HealthCheckResponse.named(...).up().build(); } } { "checks": [ { "data": { "barista service": "available" }, "name": "CoffeeShopHealth", "state": "UP" } ], "outcome": "UP" }
- 66. 66 MicroProfile Metrics A B @POST @Counted(name="order", displayName="Order count", description="Number of times orders requested.", monotonic=true) public Response orderCoffee(@Valid @NotNull CoffeeOrder order) { ... }
- 67. 67 MicroProfile OpenTracing A B @Traced public void startBrew(CoffeeType coffeeType) { ... } JAX-RS methods are automatically traced by default
- 68. 68 Eclipse MicroProfile Open specifications Wide vendor support REST services OpenAPI support Security Fault Tolerance Configuration Metrics Health Open Tracing
- 69. 69 Quiz You’re deploying microservices that depend on other teams’ services and have noticed occasional errors from them which cause your service to fail. Do you? a. Blame the other team every time your service fails. They need to sort their act out! b. Hold firm, you trust that they’ll fix all the problems eventually then everything will be fine. c. Take responsibility for gracefully coping with instabilities in the services you depend on.
- 70. 70 Can’t I do all this with a service mesh?
- 71. 71 Istio Fault Tolerance A B Fallback Retry Timeout Circuit Breaker Bulkhead
- 73. 73 You’d be hard-pushed to find a cloud that doesn’t support Docker
- 74. 74 Making the most of Docker O/S JVM App Server Application O/S JVM Application thin war fat jar
- 75. 75 Being ready for cloud-native Java • Open standards-based with wide open source vendor support? • JVM Optimized for the cloud • Application framework designed for cloud-native Microservices
- 76. 76 Final Quiz – Are you ready for cloud-native Java? You’re boss asks you to recommend an open technology stack for developing and deploying cloud-native microservice applications. Do you? a. Recommend Eclipse OpenJ9 to optimise your runtime characteristics and costs for the cloud b. Recommend Eclipse MicroProfile to add resilience, monitorability, security, and more, in a vendor neutral way c. Recommend a right-sizable runtime with broad open spec support (e.g. Open Liberty :D ) to optimize your deployments for the cloud d. All of the above.
- 78. 78 Congratulations, you are now ready for cloud-native Java Passed
- 79. 79 Thank You Please rate our talk and tell us how we can make it better
- 80. 80 Useful Links OpenJ9 - http://www.eclipse.org/openj9/ (see also the youtube channel!) OpenJ9 youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCN3mR03nrndbD2fYqvfD7AQ AdoptOpenJDK: https://adoptopenjdk.net Java is Still Free: https://medium.com/@javachampions/java-is-still-free-c02aef8c9e04 Adoptopenjdk.slack.com, openj9.slack.com • MicroProfile: http://microprofile.io/ • Eclipse MicroProfile Site: https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/technology.microprofile • MicroProfile Guides: https://openliberty.io/guides/?search=MicroProfile • Open Liberty: https://openliberty.io/ 80 Twitter: @sxaTech @Jamie_Lee_C @OpenJ9 @AdoptOpenJDK @OpenLibertyIO
- 81. 81 The End 81