Applying Lining & Wood Ingrain Papers Techniques

Level 1 Diploma in Painting and Decorating
© 2013 City and Guilds of London Institute. All rights reserved. 1 of 12
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Applying lining and wood ingrain papers
Unit 119: Applying foundation and plain papers

Why are lining and wood ingrain papers used?
• They are used to prepare walls as a cheaper alternative to
plastering.
• Lining paper is used to give a smooth surface to decorate over.
• Wood ingrain papers are used to cover walls that require a large
amount of filling before decorating.

Factors to consider when planning
It is important to consider the following points
before applying any wall coverings:
• The starting and finishing points in the room
• Natural light source
• Walls, doors and windows
• Features and obstacles
• Manufacturers’ instructions

Applying lining paper and wood ingrain papers
Calculating the quantity of paper required
There are two ways to calculate how much wallpaper you will need:
1. Area method
2. Girthing method

Applying lining and wood ingrain paper
Area method
For example purposes we will presume that our rolls
of paper have the following dimensions:
Roll length: 10m Roll width: 0.525m = 5.25m2
And the room has the following dimensions:
4.5m long × 3.5m wide × 2.1m high
To calculate the area of the room add together the distance around the
room (the perimeter) and then multiply by the height to give the total
area.
Area of the walls: (4.5m + 3.5m + 4.5m + 3.5m) = 16m (perimeter)
× 2.1m (height) = 33.6m2

Area method
To work out how many rolls you need you then
divide the area of the walls by
the area of a roll of paper:
33.6m2 ÷ 5.25m2 = 6.4 rolls of paper
This total should always be rounded up to the next full number,
so in this case seven rolls will be required.

Wastage
Once you have worked out the number of wallpaper rolls that are
required, you need to allow extra for wastage. This only applies to the
area method, as the girthing method already allows for it.
This will cover issues such as the type of pattern, the size of the room
and sometimes mistakes by the decorator. When measuring, add 20%.
For example, if you calculated that a room needs 12 rolls, how many
extra rolls would you buy to allow for wastage?

Girthing method
Using the measurements in the example room above, we will work
out how many rolls of paper are needed.
For example purposes we will presume that our rolls of paper have the
following dimensions:
Roll length: 10m
Roll width: 0.5m (500mm)
And the room has the following
dimensions:
4.5m long × 3.5m wide × 2.1m high

Girthing method (continued)
Step 1
Add together all the sides of the room to get the perimeter:
4.5 + 3.5 + 4.5 + 3.5 = 16m
Step 2
Divide the perimeter by the width of a
roll of paper to calculate number of lengths
= 16m ÷ 0.5m = 32 lengths required.

Step 3
You now need to know how many lengths can be cut from a roll. To do
this, you need to know the room height, with 100mm wastage for each
length. This means that you are now measuring a room height of 2.2m,
rather than the original 2.1m. Divide the length of one roll by the new
room height to find out how many lengths
can be cut from one roll.
10 ÷ 2.2 = 4.5
Round down to get the number
of lengths per roll: 4.

Step 4
Divide the total number of lengths required by the number of lengths in
one roll – in this example it will be: 32 ÷ 4 = 8 rolls

Starting lines
When hanging the first length of any wall covering, you must ensure
that it is straight. This is done by marking a straight line either vertically
or horizontally.
A straight line is marked every time you:
• Start the first drop on each new wall
• Wallpaper around an interior or external corner
What tools would you use?

Application sequence for applying paste
Place the paper on the table reverse-side up then:
1. Apply paste down the centre.
2. Work your way towards the furthest edge first.
3. Always work away from the edge.
4. Paste towards the nearest edge.
5. Fold the paper over, ensuring the pasted edges are aligned.
Online resource:
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=7BUvJCZ73SI

End-to-centre fold Concertina fold

Defects caused by poor pasting
Poor workmanship during the pasting stage can cause a range of
defects such as:
• Staining or surface marking
• Delamination
• Dry or loose edges
• Creasing
• Blisters
How can these be avoided or rectified?

Any questions?

Applying Lining & Wood Ingrain Papers Techniques

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