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L A U R A M A R Í A L Ó P E Z F R A N C O
B I O L O G Í A M O L E C U L A R / 3 E R S E M E S T R E / U P B
INTRODUCTION
Family of Proteobacteria
Gram-negative organisms and
facultative anaerobes, capable of
fermentation.
They contain oxidase and have one or
more flagella, which are generally polar.
Distributed in the environment,
specifically in seawater, estuaries and
freshwater environments,
Contribute to the cycle of organic and
inorganic compounds
Implicated intestinal and extraintestinal
tract infections, related to water and
shellfish
These contamination bacteria can be
controlled and is limited to fish and
fishery products
VIBRIONACEAE
http://redbiobancos.es/Pages/Docs/PNT_Acidos_Nucleicos.pdf
INTRODUCTION
PCR DGGE
PCR is an enzymatic process in
which a specific region of DNA is
replicated over and over again to
yield many copies of a particular
sequence
Denaturing gradient gel
electrophoresis (DGGE) use
either a chemical gradient or a
temperature gradient to
separate samples of DNA (or
RNA) to an electrophoresis gel
that contains a denaturing agen
PCR-DGGE techniques, were used for the detection of Vibrio in food
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this work was (i) to evaluate the potential
of PCRDGGE and Reverse Transcriptase-PCR
DGGE (Rev-T-PCR-DGGE) as Vibrios detection
technique and (ii) to evaluate effects of food
processing conditions on Vibrios and their detection
by Rev-T-PCR-DGGE and (iii) to apply this
technique in screening food samples and comparing
its efficiency with that of the standard methods.
MÉTODOS
CEPAS
Cepas de microorganismos se mantuvieron a
temperaturas específicas, con nutrientes y un
tiempo adecuado para el cultivo. Luego fueron
almacenadas en condiciones ideales
Centrifugación- sedimentación de células
Extracción ARN y DNA para análisis Rev-T-PCR-DGGE y PCR-
DGGE
suspensiones celulares con diferentes poblaciones bacterianas
Determinación DGGE de vibrios en alimentos (calamares) se
descontaminaron y se agregaron varias especies de vibrios
CONTROL
muestra de calamar sin cocinar
TABLA 1
Cultivos de referencia de
cepas bacterianas y sus
fuentes.
MÉTODOS
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/polymerase-
chain-reaction
http://www.gmotesting.com/Testing-Options/Genetic-analysis
PCR
Proceso
enzimático
Replicación
región DNA
específica
Producción
de muchas
copias de la
secuencia
elegida
FUNDAMENTO: calentar y enfriar muestras durante
varios ciclos térmicos . En cada uno, se genera una
copia de la secuencia de ADN, por último los límites
del producto amplificado se marcan con cebadores
UTILIDAD: Aumentar el número de moléculas que
representan un sitio diana específico, y por tinte
fluorescente, permite detección de los amplicones
producidos.
MÉTODOS
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/denaturing-gradient-gel-electrophore0sis
http://wiki.biomine.skelleftea.se/biomine/molecular/index_11.htm
DGGE
FUNDAMENTO: Separación de fragmentos de ADN
secuencias de nucleótidos, usando la disminución de
la movilidad electroforética de amplicones de ADN de
doble cadena, fundidos en un gel de poliacrilamida
con desnaturalizantes de ADN
UTILIDAD: Permite la caracterización e
identificación de comunidades bacterianas
del entorno natural o presentes en alimentos
MÉTODOS
http://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1473&sectionid=102743658 http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/IdentificacionConVITEK2_21548.pdf http://www.biomerieux-usa.com/clinical/vitek-2-healthcare
EXTRACCIÓN ÁCIDOS NUCLEICOS VITEK
Sistema que utiliza tarjetas con reactivos
colorimétricos, las que son inoculadas con la
suspensión de un cultivo microbiano
Las tarjetas contienen sustratos para medir
actividades metabólicas
Existen 4 tipos de tarjetas para la identificación de
de organismos: GN - GP - YST - BCL
FUNDAMENTO: Lisis celular, inactivación nucleasas
celulares y separación de ácidos nucleicos de los
restos celulares. Para esto se debe analizar:Tipo de
ácido nucleico, organismo origen, fuente y técnica en
que se utilizará con material genético extraído
UTILIDAD: Estudios en biología
molecular y para las técnicas del
ADN recombinante
RESULTADOS
FIGURA 1
Análisis de Rev-T-PCR-DGGE de 16S
rDNA amplificado de 10 cultivos de Vibrio
de referencia.
FIGURA 2
Análisis de Rev-T-PCR-DGGE de 16S rDNA amplificado de
diferentes condiciones de células Vibrios.
(a) muestra de células viables (VC), (b) muestra de células
lesionadas (IVC) y (c) muestra de célula lesionada pre-
enriquecida (PIVC).
RESULTADOS
TABLA 2
Poblaciones mixtas de especies de Vibrio utilizadas para
evaluar los límites de detección por PCR-DGGE.
RESULTADOS
FIGURA 3
Análisis de Rev-T-PCR-DGGE de 16S rDNA
amplificado de células de Vibrio paraheamolyticus
enriquecidas en muestra de mariscos
FIGURA 4
Vibrios asociados con los mariscos según lo
determinado por los métodos estándar y
Rev-TPCR-DGGE.
RESULTADOS
TABLA 3
Límites de detección de PCR-DGGE (ADN) y Rev-T-
PCR-DGGE (ADNc) en poblaciones mixtas de
especies de Vibrio.
DISCUSION
AUTHOR CONCEPT YES OR NOT
Eiler and
Bertilsson
The DNA amplified from the 16sDNA region of Vibrio
parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi could not be discriminated on
DGGE gel since these two species had a very close evolution. The
sequences of DNA in this region of both species were therefore
absolutely conserved and having similar migratory pattern
Szaboa and
Mackkey
the effect of heating process on conformation of Salmonella
Enteritidis RNA. This process could greatly alter RNA conformation,
and thus inhibit the conversion of RNA to cDNA. Therefore, heat-
treated Salmonella Enteritidis could not be detected by Rev-T-PCR
Tamura et al In this study; V. metschnikovii, Morganella morganii ssp. morganii
and Aeromonas salmonicida from GenBank of National Center for
Biotechnology (NCBI) were used. Those nucleotide sequences were
used to construct phylogenetic tree
Eiler and
Bertilsson
The PCR technique could efficiently differentiate Vibrios with limit of
detection of approximately 200 cells per single population in food
CONCLUSIONS
The Rev-T-PCR-DGGE method in the identification of vibrios in foods has a limit of
detection lower than the standard, it is observed that the sensitivity of the method
increases when the sample is pre-enriched and it is represented in DNA band intensity,
which indicates that it has greater sensitivity to identify strains.
RNA and the number of rRNA operons represent an individual property of bacterial
species; the use of these as additional markers in Rev-PCR-DGGE analysis would help to
a greater identification and sensitivity when studying Vibrios
Application of Reverse Transcriptase-PCR-DGGE as a rapid method for routine determination of Vibrio spp. in foods- BIOLOGÍA MOLECULAR- Laura María López

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Application of Reverse Transcriptase-PCR-DGGE as a rapid method for routine determination of Vibrio spp. in foods- BIOLOGÍA MOLECULAR- Laura María López

  • 1. L A U R A M A R Í A L Ó P E Z F R A N C O B I O L O G Í A M O L E C U L A R / 3 E R S E M E S T R E / U P B
  • 2. INTRODUCTION Family of Proteobacteria Gram-negative organisms and facultative anaerobes, capable of fermentation. They contain oxidase and have one or more flagella, which are generally polar. Distributed in the environment, specifically in seawater, estuaries and freshwater environments, Contribute to the cycle of organic and inorganic compounds Implicated intestinal and extraintestinal tract infections, related to water and shellfish These contamination bacteria can be controlled and is limited to fish and fishery products VIBRIONACEAE http://redbiobancos.es/Pages/Docs/PNT_Acidos_Nucleicos.pdf
  • 3. INTRODUCTION PCR DGGE PCR is an enzymatic process in which a specific region of DNA is replicated over and over again to yield many copies of a particular sequence Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) use either a chemical gradient or a temperature gradient to separate samples of DNA (or RNA) to an electrophoresis gel that contains a denaturing agen PCR-DGGE techniques, were used for the detection of Vibrio in food
  • 4. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was (i) to evaluate the potential of PCRDGGE and Reverse Transcriptase-PCR DGGE (Rev-T-PCR-DGGE) as Vibrios detection technique and (ii) to evaluate effects of food processing conditions on Vibrios and their detection by Rev-T-PCR-DGGE and (iii) to apply this technique in screening food samples and comparing its efficiency with that of the standard methods.
  • 5. MÉTODOS CEPAS Cepas de microorganismos se mantuvieron a temperaturas específicas, con nutrientes y un tiempo adecuado para el cultivo. Luego fueron almacenadas en condiciones ideales Centrifugación- sedimentación de células Extracción ARN y DNA para análisis Rev-T-PCR-DGGE y PCR- DGGE suspensiones celulares con diferentes poblaciones bacterianas Determinación DGGE de vibrios en alimentos (calamares) se descontaminaron y se agregaron varias especies de vibrios CONTROL muestra de calamar sin cocinar TABLA 1 Cultivos de referencia de cepas bacterianas y sus fuentes.
  • 6. MÉTODOS https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/polymerase- chain-reaction http://www.gmotesting.com/Testing-Options/Genetic-analysis PCR Proceso enzimático Replicación región DNA específica Producción de muchas copias de la secuencia elegida FUNDAMENTO: calentar y enfriar muestras durante varios ciclos térmicos . En cada uno, se genera una copia de la secuencia de ADN, por último los límites del producto amplificado se marcan con cebadores UTILIDAD: Aumentar el número de moléculas que representan un sitio diana específico, y por tinte fluorescente, permite detección de los amplicones producidos.
  • 7. MÉTODOS https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/denaturing-gradient-gel-electrophore0sis http://wiki.biomine.skelleftea.se/biomine/molecular/index_11.htm DGGE FUNDAMENTO: Separación de fragmentos de ADN secuencias de nucleótidos, usando la disminución de la movilidad electroforética de amplicones de ADN de doble cadena, fundidos en un gel de poliacrilamida con desnaturalizantes de ADN UTILIDAD: Permite la caracterización e identificación de comunidades bacterianas del entorno natural o presentes en alimentos
  • 8. MÉTODOS http://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1473&sectionid=102743658 http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/IdentificacionConVITEK2_21548.pdf http://www.biomerieux-usa.com/clinical/vitek-2-healthcare EXTRACCIÓN ÁCIDOS NUCLEICOS VITEK Sistema que utiliza tarjetas con reactivos colorimétricos, las que son inoculadas con la suspensión de un cultivo microbiano Las tarjetas contienen sustratos para medir actividades metabólicas Existen 4 tipos de tarjetas para la identificación de de organismos: GN - GP - YST - BCL FUNDAMENTO: Lisis celular, inactivación nucleasas celulares y separación de ácidos nucleicos de los restos celulares. Para esto se debe analizar:Tipo de ácido nucleico, organismo origen, fuente y técnica en que se utilizará con material genético extraído UTILIDAD: Estudios en biología molecular y para las técnicas del ADN recombinante
  • 9. RESULTADOS FIGURA 1 Análisis de Rev-T-PCR-DGGE de 16S rDNA amplificado de 10 cultivos de Vibrio de referencia. FIGURA 2 Análisis de Rev-T-PCR-DGGE de 16S rDNA amplificado de diferentes condiciones de células Vibrios. (a) muestra de células viables (VC), (b) muestra de células lesionadas (IVC) y (c) muestra de célula lesionada pre- enriquecida (PIVC).
  • 10. RESULTADOS TABLA 2 Poblaciones mixtas de especies de Vibrio utilizadas para evaluar los límites de detección por PCR-DGGE.
  • 11. RESULTADOS FIGURA 3 Análisis de Rev-T-PCR-DGGE de 16S rDNA amplificado de células de Vibrio paraheamolyticus enriquecidas en muestra de mariscos FIGURA 4 Vibrios asociados con los mariscos según lo determinado por los métodos estándar y Rev-TPCR-DGGE.
  • 12. RESULTADOS TABLA 3 Límites de detección de PCR-DGGE (ADN) y Rev-T- PCR-DGGE (ADNc) en poblaciones mixtas de especies de Vibrio.
  • 13. DISCUSION AUTHOR CONCEPT YES OR NOT Eiler and Bertilsson The DNA amplified from the 16sDNA region of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi could not be discriminated on DGGE gel since these two species had a very close evolution. The sequences of DNA in this region of both species were therefore absolutely conserved and having similar migratory pattern Szaboa and Mackkey the effect of heating process on conformation of Salmonella Enteritidis RNA. This process could greatly alter RNA conformation, and thus inhibit the conversion of RNA to cDNA. Therefore, heat- treated Salmonella Enteritidis could not be detected by Rev-T-PCR Tamura et al In this study; V. metschnikovii, Morganella morganii ssp. morganii and Aeromonas salmonicida from GenBank of National Center for Biotechnology (NCBI) were used. Those nucleotide sequences were used to construct phylogenetic tree Eiler and Bertilsson The PCR technique could efficiently differentiate Vibrios with limit of detection of approximately 200 cells per single population in food
  • 14. CONCLUSIONS The Rev-T-PCR-DGGE method in the identification of vibrios in foods has a limit of detection lower than the standard, it is observed that the sensitivity of the method increases when the sample is pre-enriched and it is represented in DNA band intensity, which indicates that it has greater sensitivity to identify strains. RNA and the number of rRNA operons represent an individual property of bacterial species; the use of these as additional markers in Rev-PCR-DGGE analysis would help to a greater identification and sensitivity when studying Vibrios