This PowerPoint presentation covers pediatric airway management techniques including positioning, airway adjuncts, and bag-valve-mask ventilation. It aims to teach learners how to choose appropriately sized airway devices according to anatomy and restate complications of different airway management techniques. Oral and nasopharyngeal airways are discussed as options to relieve upper airway obstruction, along with proper insertion techniques and potential complications. Bag-valve-mask ventilation is described as a lifesaving technique for oxygenation and ventilation, and optimal mask fit and potential complications like aspiration are addressed.

1. Pediatric Airway
Management
Pediatrics

2. Objectives
•By the end of this PowerPoint the learner will
be able to:
‐ Restate at least…
•5 complications associated with the use of
airway adjuncts
•3 complications associated with bag-valve-mask
ventilation (BVM) ventilation
‐ Choose an appropriately sized airway adjunct and
BMV facemask according to anatomic landmarks
Pediatrics
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3. Positioning (“sniffing”)
Pediatrics
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4. Positioning - Infant
R
Pediatrics
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5. Positioning - Comparison
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6. Obstruction
Pediatrics
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7. Options – Chin lift
Pediatrics
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8. Options – Jaw Thrust
Pediatrics
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9. Options - Oral Airway
•Prevents upper airway obstruction
•May make Bag-valve-mask ventilation more
effective
•Should not be used in semi comatose of alert
patients
Pediatrics
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10. Options – Oral Airway
Pediatrics
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11. Oral Airway
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12. Oral Airway – Too Small
Pediatrics
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13. Oral Airway – Too Large
Pediatrics
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14. Insertion Technique
•First open mouth (can use cross finger scissor
technique)
•Option # 1 – push tongue down w/ tongue
depressor and insert “straight in”
•Option # 2 – insert “upside down” and then
rotate 180 degrees as oral airway is being
advanced to back of oropharynx
Pediatrics
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15. Oral Airway Complications
•Yak*$%! (ie the gag reflex)
•Aspiration
•Obstruction (not really your desired effect)
•Laryngospasm
•Tooth/mouth injury
Pediatrics
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16. Nasopharyngeal Airways
•Same concept of relieving tongue obstruction
•Better tolerated than oral airway if patient semiconscious or awake
•Contraindicated with:
‐ Significant facial trauma (esp basilar skull fracture)
‐ Severe coagulopathy
Pediatrics
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17. Nasopharyngeal Airways Complications
•Laryngospasm and coughing (esp if too long)
•Nosebleeds
•Sinus infection
Pediatrics
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18. Size Selection
Pediatrics
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19. Nasopharyngeal Airway Insertion
•Don’t forget the lube!
Pediatrics
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20. Bag Mask Ventilation
•True life saving technique
•Can oxygenate and ventilate
•Helpful during intubation
‐ Can “improve” patient so that intubation is less
strenuous
‐ Can “rescue” patient if intubation attempt fails
•May need airway adjunct and two people!!!
Pediatrics
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21. Equipment
•Self inflating reservoir bag, unidirectional valve,
standard mask connector, oxygen hook-up
‐ Manometer, PEEP valve
•Different size masks
Pediatrics
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22. Mask Size and Fit
•Extend from bridge of nose to chin (covering
mouth and nose)
•Inflatable rim can help assure seal
•“E-C” hold is preferred technique
‐ Thumb and forefinger form C on top of mask
‐ Middle/ring fingers on ridge of mandible (chin lift)
‐ Pinky behind angle of mandible (jaw thrust)
Pediatrics
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23. E-C Hold
Pediatrics
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24. Successful BMV
•Chest rise
•Chest rise
•Chest rise
•Increased O2 sats, auscultation, condensation
in mask
Pediatrics
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25. Complications of BMV
•Excessive air in stomach
‐ Aspiration risk
‐ Decreases lung volume/requires higher PIPs
•Corneal abrasions
•Injury to lips/gums and nasal bridge
•Excessive bagging due to user exuberance
Pediatrics
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26. NOW WATCH IT DONE
Pediatrics