Psychosis is characterized by disturbances in reality, perception, cognition, and mood. It encompasses disorders like schizophrenia, depression, OCD, and mania. Positive symptoms include hallucinations and delusions, while negative symptoms involve apathy and withdrawal. Medications used to treat psychosis include TCAs, SSRIs, and MAOIs. TCAs like imipramine and amitriptyline work by blocking neurotransmitter reuptake, while SSRIs selectively block serotonin reuptake. Common side effects of these drugs include dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, dizziness, and sexual dysfunction.

1. DRUG TREATMENT OF
PSYCHOSIS

3. Psychosis
Psychosis is a thought disorder characterized by
disturbances of reality and perception, impaired cognitive
functioning, and inappropriate or diminished affect
(mood).
• Psychosis denotes many mental disorders:
Schizophrenia
Depression
OCD
Mania

4. symptoms
Positive Symptoms.
Hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, ideas of reference.
 Usually treated by SSRI
Negative Symptoms.
Apathy, social withdrawal, emotional blunting, cognitive
deficits, extreme inattentiveness or lack of motivation to
interact with the environment.
 Usually treated by TCA
These symptoms are progressive and non-responsive to medication.

5. Drug classes
o TCA
o SSRI
o MAOI

6. •DEPPRESION TREATMENT
• “An affective disorder characterized
by loss of interest or pleasure in
almost all a person’s usual activities
or pastimes.”

7. TRI-CYCLIC-ANTIDEPPRESINTS
• Effectively relieve depression with anxiolytic and
analgesic action
• First choice for treatment of depression
• Pharmacological properties
– Block presynaptic NE reuptake transporter
– Block presynaptic 5-HT reuptake transporter
– Block postsynaptic histamine receptors
– Block postsynaptic ACh receptors

8. TCA
• IMIPRAMINE:
• MAO:
• Block NE and 5-HT transporters
• indications:
• Treating depression. It is also used in some children to help
reduce bedwetting. It may also be used for chronic pain
management and phantom pain
•
• 10, 25 , 50 MG
• Depramin
• Pramin
• Tofyram

9. TCA
• AMITRYPTYLINE:
• MAO:
• Block NE and 5-HT transporters
• INDICATIONS:
• Treating depression. It is also used in some children to help reduce bedwetting. It
may also be used for chronic pain management and phantom pain
•
•
• 10 , 25 ,
• SAROTEN 10 , 25 , 50
MG
• AMIRAM 10 , 25 , 50
MG

10. TCA
• CLOMIPRAMIN :
• MAO:
• Block NE and 5-HT transporters
• INDICATIONS:
• Treating depression. It is also used in some children to help
reduce bedwetting. It may also be used for chronic pain
management and phantom pain
• 10 , 25 , 50 MG
• TINORIL10 ,
25 , 50

11. TCA
• NORTRYPTILIN:
• MAO:
• Block NE and 5-HT transporters
• INDICATIONS:
• Treating depression. It is also used in some children to help
reduce bedwetting. It may also be used for chronic pain
management and phantom pain
•
• 10 , 25 , 50 MG

12. SIDE EFFECTS OF TCA

13. SSRI
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a
class of antidepressants used in the treatment of
depression, anxiety disorders and some personality
disorders.
• SSRIs increase the extracellular level of the
neurotransmitter serotonin by inhibiting its reuptake
into the presynaptic cell, increasing the level of
serotonin available to bind to the postsynaptic receptor

14. SSRI• VENLAFAXINE:
• MOA:
• Block 5-HT transporters
• INDICATIONS:
• OCD , ADHD , AUTISM in children , social anxiety disorders
• Neuropathic pain , hot flashes
• Sound-alike/look-alike issues:Effexor® may be confused with
Effexor XR®
• 37.5 , 75 mg
•• 37.5 , 75 mg
• Vaxor
• 37.5 ,
75 mg
•

15. SSRI
• FLUVOXAMINE :
• MAO:
• Block 5-HT transporters
• Indications:
• Treatment of OCD in children > 8 yrs
• and as an unlabeled use : major depression treatment
• Sound alike : flavoxate
•
20 , 50 , 100 mg

16. SSRI
• CITALOPRAM:
MAO:
Block 5-HT transporters
INDICATIONS :
Treatment of depression
Unlabeled use : dementia treatment and OCD in children and
diabetic neuropathy
• Citalopram 10 , 20 , 40
• Cipram 10 , 20 , 40
• Lecital 10 , 20 , 40
• Depran 10 , 20 , 40

18. SSRI
• Citalopram:
• MAO:
• Block 5-HT transporters
• INDICATIONS :
• Depression , post traumatic shock , OCD
• Zelax 10 , 20

19. SSRI
SERTRALINE
MAO :
Block 5-HT transporters
INDICATIONS :
Depression , OCD , manic episodes
• Zoloft 25 , 50 , 100
• Setral 25 , 50 , 100 JPM
• Solotik 25 , 50 , 100

20. SSRI
• FLUOXETINE
• MAO:
Block 5-HT transporters
INDICATIONS :
OCD , DEPRESSION , POST TRAUMATIC SHOCKS
• Proxetine 10 , 20 , 40
• Favorex 10 , 20 , 40
• Anxetine 10 , 20 , 40
• Prozac 10 , 20 , 40

21. SSRI
PAROXETINE
MAO:
Block 5-HT transporters
INDICATIONS:
OCD , depression •
• 10 , 20 , 30 , 40
mg

23. miscellaneous
• Maprotilline
• MAO :
• UNCERTAIN
• INDICATIONS
• Depressive illness and anxiety
• Eplanon 25 , 50 , 75
• Ludiomil 25 , 50 ,
75

24. miscellaneous
• Mirtazapine :
• MAO :
• Block presynaptic α2 receptors
• INDICATIONS :
• Depression • Remeron 10 , 20 , 30
, 40

25. MISCELLANEOUS
• SELEGEILLINE
• MAO :
• Inhibit MAO A and MAO B but more active on B
• INDICATIONS :
• DEPPRESSION
• Selecim 5, 10

26. Side effects