Dr. Wilde is part of a research group monitoring an anthrax outbreak in lions. Lions can contract anthrax by eating infected meat or drinking contaminated water. Symptoms in lions include trembling, weakness, and depression. Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, a gram-positive bacterium that forms capsules making it hard for the immune system to destroy. Controlling animal movement, vaccination, and treatment can help prevent future outbreaks.
Getting freaky with fungi: A historical perspective on the emergence of mycologysydney_glassman
Poster presented at the Ecological Society of America 2013 in Minnesota for the ESA History section on the emergence of mycology and its role in ecology.
The best cockroaches pest control near me inform that cockroaches are associated with filth and poor hygiene and therefore act as a host to thousands of disease-causing pathogens.
IN VITRO LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF NAPHTHOQUINONES AGAINST DENGUE VECTOR AEDES
AEGYPTI (LINNAEUS, 1762) (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE).
*Patil S.S. (Kadadi), **Chakote Smita and #Dama L.B., #Pathan A. V., #Kulkarni P.S. and #Mushan L. C.
Getting freaky with fungi: A historical perspective on the emergence of mycologysydney_glassman
Poster presented at the Ecological Society of America 2013 in Minnesota for the ESA History section on the emergence of mycology and its role in ecology.
The best cockroaches pest control near me inform that cockroaches are associated with filth and poor hygiene and therefore act as a host to thousands of disease-causing pathogens.
IN VITRO LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF NAPHTHOQUINONES AGAINST DENGUE VECTOR AEDES
AEGYPTI (LINNAEUS, 1762) (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE).
*Patil S.S. (Kadadi), **Chakote Smita and #Dama L.B., #Pathan A. V., #Kulkarni P.S. and #Mushan L. C.
Karl Kjer was given the 2016 Hodson Alumni Award. Karl Kjer just love teaching and learning about insects. Karl Kjer fascinated with them for as long as I can remember, and want to share this passion with our students at UC Davis.
Description of germs, the harm they cause and means of staying healthy form infectious diseases through use of nanotechnologies, which safely and effectively kill all germs and keep us healthy.
Modelling tick densities using VGI and machine learning (2016)Irene Garcia-Marti
Slides used during the guest lecture in the KIT & ITC course on "Using Geographic Information Systems in disease control programs". Link: https://www.kit.nl/health/training/using-geographic-information-systems-disease-control-programs-gis/
Antibacterial Activity of Citrus Sinensis X against Pathogenic Bacteriasijtsrd
Citrus sinensis was tested for antibacterial activity against bacteria strains such as E.coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, and staphylococcus aureus. The extraction was done with water and ethanol. Agar disc diffusion was used to test antibacterial activity in vitro method. On Escherichia coli, the antibacterial action of aqueous extract demonstrated a zone of inhibition. On the other organisms, it showed little or no zones of infection, although being seven millimeters in diameter. Inhibition with a diameter of 0 3mm. little inhibitory zones were also visible in the ethanol extract. On test organisms with diagram ranging from 1 3mm the inhibitory concentration that must be met MIC . Using a two flow serial dilution method, no zones of contamination were found in the ethanol and aqueous extract. The finding of this of this investigation indicated that the extract have limited promise for treating disorder induced by the organisms. E. Kaviya | Ela. Sendhuram | J. Ishwarya "Antibacterial Activity of Citrus Sinensis X against Pathogenic Bacterias" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52149.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/microbiology/52149/antibacterial-activity-of-citrus-sinensis-x-against-pathogenic-bacterias/e-kaviya
Karl Kjer was given the 2016 Hodson Alumni Award. Karl Kjer just love teaching and learning about insects. Karl Kjer fascinated with them for as long as I can remember, and want to share this passion with our students at UC Davis.
Description of germs, the harm they cause and means of staying healthy form infectious diseases through use of nanotechnologies, which safely and effectively kill all germs and keep us healthy.
Modelling tick densities using VGI and machine learning (2016)Irene Garcia-Marti
Slides used during the guest lecture in the KIT & ITC course on "Using Geographic Information Systems in disease control programs". Link: https://www.kit.nl/health/training/using-geographic-information-systems-disease-control-programs-gis/
Antibacterial Activity of Citrus Sinensis X against Pathogenic Bacteriasijtsrd
Citrus sinensis was tested for antibacterial activity against bacteria strains such as E.coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, and staphylococcus aureus. The extraction was done with water and ethanol. Agar disc diffusion was used to test antibacterial activity in vitro method. On Escherichia coli, the antibacterial action of aqueous extract demonstrated a zone of inhibition. On the other organisms, it showed little or no zones of infection, although being seven millimeters in diameter. Inhibition with a diameter of 0 3mm. little inhibitory zones were also visible in the ethanol extract. On test organisms with diagram ranging from 1 3mm the inhibitory concentration that must be met MIC . Using a two flow serial dilution method, no zones of contamination were found in the ethanol and aqueous extract. The finding of this of this investigation indicated that the extract have limited promise for treating disorder induced by the organisms. E. Kaviya | Ela. Sendhuram | J. Ishwarya "Antibacterial Activity of Citrus Sinensis X against Pathogenic Bacterias" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52149.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/microbiology/52149/antibacterial-activity-of-citrus-sinensis-x-against-pathogenic-bacterias/e-kaviya
Study of virulence genes in vancomycin resistant Enterococci (vre) from anima...Innspub Net
With Enterococcus species in the leading cause of nosocomial infections and resistance to an array of antibiotics, this study focused to determine the frequency and distribution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, the presence of virulence genes and to determine the relative nucleotide sequence relatedness among isolates using 16S rRNA sequence. A random sampling of 120 fecal samples of cattle, poultry, and piggery, and human clinical isolates was analyzed. Standard bacteriological methods were employed in the isolation and characterization of isolates and the disk diffusion method was used in determining their antibiotic resistance profiles. Results showed Enterococcus species in cattle at 100%, followed by clinical isolates at 80%. Vancomycin resistance was observed at high rates in Enterococcus species from human clinical isolates and cattle isolates at 90% and 80% respectively. Multiple antibiotic-resistant isolates yielded twelve resistance profiles and 16S rDNA sequences identified E. faecalis, E. durans, E. mundtii, and Enterococcus sp. Isolates from cattle samples were the most probable source of clinical isolates at 78% homology of conserved regions with the clinical isolates. Virulence determinant genes Asa1 was recorded at66.6%, Cyl at 16.6% and GelE at 8.3% among the isolates. This study established farm animals as possible reservoirs of VRE isolates to man. Hence, healthy and professional practices among animal farmers with antibiotic usage, as well as hygienic and preventive measures among hospital workers are here recommended.
Peste des-ruminants-is-a-rinderpest.doc pdfGudyne Wafubwa
Peste des petits ruminant virus (PPRV) is a disease mostly affecting goats and sheep. Since its first discovery, it has caused massive economic loss to most small pastoralists in Africa and other developing countries. It is the integral role of all stakeholders to join hands so as to eradicate the disease.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
2. Hello, I’m Dr. Wilde. I’m here as a part of a research group assigned to monitor the outbreak of anthrax in
wild animals, particularly lions.
3. A lion can be infected with anthrax by inhaling spores, but most obtain the disease by eating infected
meat or drinking contaminated water. Inhaling spores is not likely because concentrations of the
bacteria’s spores in air are low and attacked to dirt particles, which are too large to infect lungs
Nambeye, Piontkowski, Ndiva, Turnbull
4. Many symptoms have been observed in a variety of animals. Some of these include
Nambeye, Piontkowski, Ndiva
trembling…
7. Anthrax is caused by a bacterium called Bacillus anthracis. This bacterium comes from soil and is a gram-positive,
Ndiva, Turnbull
non-motile, aerobic bacterium. Bacillus anthracis can also form capsules, which make it
difficult for the immune system to destroy them. The bacteria multiply within the host and produce
deadly toxins. Anthrax has also been called the black plague or black death.
8. Apparently, some lions have developed an immunity to anthrax due to exposure, but it is important to track
down sources of infection to prevent future breakouts. The bacteria can be detected using PCR and Bacillus
cereus agar, which is a selective agar to isolate Bacillus cereus. This can be used to detect Bacillus anthracis
Nambeye, Cheun
because the two are closely related, but Bacillus cereus appears blue on the agar.
9. Ndiva (Oct)
More outbreaks can be prevented by monitoring and vaccinating animals, controlling
the movement of animals, and treating susceptible animals to prevent disease.
