Antebellum south
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The document provides an overview of antebellum southern society and the institution of slavery. It describes the southern economy as primarily based on agriculture, especially cotton production, with slavery as the main labor force. It discusses the demographics of the south, which had a population that was 40% enslaved black people. The summary also characterizes southern slavery as a "peculiar institution" and notes that slave resistance took various forms including sabotage, escape, and occasional rebellions.
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The American Revolution was caused by growing tensions between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War. Britain imposed several taxes on the colonies to help pay the war debt from the French and Indian War, including the Stamp Act and Tea Act, angering colonists who were not represented in Parliament. In response, colonists organized boycotts of British goods and the Boston Tea Party. In 1774, Britain passed the Intolerable Acts to punish Boston and Massachusetts, further straining relations. Armed conflict began at Lexington and Concord in 1775, starting the Revolutionary War. With support from France, the colonies declared independence in 1776 and ultimately achieved victory and independence from Britain in 1783.
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The War of 1812 was caused by American grievances against Britain related to impressment and attacks on American ships. Known as the War Hawks, a group in Congress pushed for war. They were opposed by Native American leader Tecumseh, who sought an alliance with Britain. Though the U.S. military was unprepared, battles were fought in Canada and at sea. In 1814, British forces burned Washington D.C., but American forces later won a key victory at the Battle of New Orleans under General Andrew Jackson after the war had ended. The war was concluded in 1815 with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent.
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Pre-Revolution Timeline - Period 1
Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 was an early instance of colonial defiance of authority. The Navigation Acts and other laws enforced by the Board of Trade and writs of assistance led to growing tensions between Britain and its colonies over taxation and trade. The French and Indian War resulted in new lands for Britain but also the Proclamation of 1763, angering colonists. A series of taxation acts, along with events like the Boston Massacre and Tea Party, prompted the First and Second Continental Congresses and battles at Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill, moving the colonies towards open conflict and a declaration of independence.
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George Washington served as the first President of the United States and helped establish the structure and powers of the executive branch. He appointed the first Cabinet, including Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of Treasury and Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of State. Hamilton and Jefferson disagreed over the interpretation of Congressional authority, with Hamilton favoring a loose interpretation allowing more federal power and Jefferson preferring a strict interpretation reserving more powers for states. Washington's presidency established many precedents and saw the emergence of the first political parties in the United States.
The industrial revolution
The Industrial Revolution in the US allowed it to become the world's leading industrial power by the 1880s due to government investment in business, private investment, and liberal immigration laws. The government invested in railroads and did not regulate business. Private companies formed monopolies and trusts. Immigration provided cheap labor despite poor working conditions and urban poverty. Workers organized unions to demand better treatment, striking and joining groups like the Knights of Labor, while companies resisted changes through lockouts and blacklists.
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The document summarizes key events in the early years of the American Civil War from 1860 to 1864. It describes Lincoln's election and southern states' secession in late 1860. In early 1861, seven southern states form the Confederate States of America. After the bombardment of Fort Sumter in April 1861, Lincoln calls for volunteers to retake the fort which leads to more states seceding. Major battles like Bull Run and Antietam take place from 1861 to 1862. The Emancipation Proclamation is issued in 1863, freeing slaves in rebel states. Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg mark a turning point in 1863. Sherman's March to the Sea in 1864 helps secure Lincoln's reelection that year.
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The document provides details on the key events that led up to the Revolutionary War between the American colonies and Great Britain. It describes how Britain gained territory in North America after the French and Indian War, but this created conflicts over land use with Native Americans. It then outlines the various Acts passed by Britain to tax the colonies, such as the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and Intolerable Acts, which angered the colonists. This led to protests, boycotts, and confrontations like the Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party. In response, the colonists organized the Continental Congress to unite the colonies against Britain and prepare for war.
American revolution
The American Revolution was a political upheaval in which the 13 American colonies rejected British rule and formed an independent nation. Dissatisfaction grew due to taxation without representation and harsh legislation from Parliament restricting settlement and trade. Inspired by Enlightenment ideas of natural rights and republicanism, Patriots and Loyalists took sides as tensions escalated. Events like the Boston Massacre, the Tea Party, and battles at Lexington and Concord marked the start of armed conflict. On July 4, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was approved, establishing the United States.
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The early British colonies were established for economic reasons, with the first being Jamestown in 1607. Tobacco became a profitable crop in Virginia while indentured servitude provided labor. Self-governance emerged through entities like the Virginia House of Burgesses and Mayflower Compact. Puritans founded colonies like Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay to escape religious persecution in England. The 13 original colonies developed diverse economies while remaining tied to England through the Navigation Acts; however, they gained a growing spirit of self-determination.
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The document discusses the rise of big businesses and monopolies, known as "trusts", in late 19th century America following the Industrial Revolution. It describes how entrepreneurs like Vanderbilt, Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Morgan amassed huge fortunes and monopolies by vertically and horizontally integrating important industries like railroads, steel, oil, and banking. While this concentration of economic power benefited the businesses, it hurt consumers by reducing competition and allowing prices to rise without constraint. The Sherman Antitrust Act was passed to limit monopolies but proved ineffective against the powerful trusts that dominated the American economy at the time.
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By 1900, the U.S. had emerged as the world's leading industrial power due to its abundant natural resources, growing labor supply through immigration, capital investments, technological innovations, and business-friendly government policies. Wealthy industrialists and entrepreneurs like Carnegie, Rockefeller, Morgan, and Ford built vast industrial empires in steel, oil, banking, and automobiles through practices like vertical integration and trusts that eliminated competition. New technologies revolutionized areas like transportation, communication, manufacturing, and daily life. However, concerns grew about the power of large trusts and monopolies as well as wealth inequality between the rich industrialists and the working class.
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Early roots of civil war presentation north v south
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Slavery to Sharecropping: The Barrow Plantation Example
The Barrow Plantation in Georgia was previously a cotton plantation that used slave labor before the Civil War. After the war, the plantation transitioned to sharecropping and an 1881 map shows sharecropping cabins throughout the property, indicating many former slaves chose to remain living and working on the plantation as sharecroppers. Sharecropping provided an economic option for former slaves and allowed them to stay in the community they had previously lived in as slaves.
Slavery
Slavery on plantations involved two types of slaves - field workers and house slaves. Field workers worked 18-hour days from sunrise to sunset picking cotton and other manual labor. They lived in small huts with dirt floors and children as young as 12 worked as much as adults. House slaves had indoor jobs like cooking, cleaning, and childcare but did not have Sundays off and sometimes lived in cramped spaces like attics. Both field work and housework were difficult, though house slaves had some privileges like better living conditions.
Slave-life-in-the-bahamas
This document describes slave life on a plantation in the Bahamas in the early 1800s. It details the layout of the plantation, including slave quarters located away from the main house. Slaves grew crops like cotton and corn and raised livestock. Their daily tasks involved agriculture, construction, fishing, and crafts. In their spare time, slaves entertained themselves through African traditions like storytelling, music, and dance. Punishment of slaves was harsh, but acts of resistance still occurred sporadically across the islands.
Plantation life
Life on plantations was extremely difficult for slaves. They faced constant supervision and threat of punishment from overseers while doing grueling agricultural work from dawn until dusk with little rest. Plantations operated like self-sustaining villages isolated from the outside world. While slaves faced unending toil in the fields, women and children were often exploited as domestic servants and were vulnerable to starvation, whipping, and rape. Music and religion provided sources of strength and resistance to the domination attempted by slave owners.
Ch 11 Slavery In The Old South
Three out of four white southerners did not own slaves and lived on self-sufficient farms with little education. While most supported slavery, some like Andrew Johnson dissented against the wealthy planter elite. Slavery was central to the Southern economy and way of life, with the majority of slaves working on cotton plantations. Slave owners argued slavery was justified by the Bible and necessary for maintaining a hierarchical society that guaranteed white liberty and equality. Slaves faced severe legal restrictions and punishment for disobedience.
Slave routine
An inside slave's day begins before dawn fetching water and preparing for the household to wake. They are responsible for childcare, cleaning, and making meals throughout the day. At night, inside slaves are the last to sleep and sometimes don't sleep at all, instead resting in slave cabins after the family retires for the evening.
Different types of slaves
Slavery began in North America in the 1600s and involved the buying and selling of people who were then forced to work without pay and were not allowed to leave. There were different types of slaves including chattel slaves who could be traded and had no rights, forced labor slaves who worked under threat of punishment, and serfdom slaves who were tied to the land and required permission for activities. Debt bondage slavery also occurred where people were kept as slaves to pay off debts passed down through generations. Field slaves worked long hours in harsh conditions compared to house slaves who had better treatment and living standards.
Slavery
Slavery has existed in many ancient civilizations through debt, abandonment, and war. In the early 1600s in the American South, large plantations grew crops like cotton but lacked enough workers, so they turned to slave labor. Most slaves came from Africa and Native America. Slaves faced cruel treatment and discriminatory laws. The novel "To Kill a Mockingbird" depicts this racial injustice, as the black character Tom Robinson is falsely accused and convicted due to prejudice. Studying slavery helps understand the systemic discrimination in the novel.
Daily life of a slave
Field slaves worked from sunrise to sunset in the fields, with even longer hours during harvest season. Women worked the same hours while often caring for children. House slaves had more privileges but still long days of cleaning, cooking, and caring for the owner's family. Slaves lived in small shacks and wore basic linen clothes. Their food was meager and families were often separated through sale. Punishments for slaves ranged from whipping to confinement in smokehouses or barrels with nails.
Southern Plantations & Slavery
The document summarizes the impact of the cotton gin invention in 1793 and the rise of cotton plantations and slavery in the American South. It discusses how the cotton gin increased cotton production and led cotton to become the dominant crop. This caused Native American removal, the expansion of slavery, and the growth of large plantations dependent on slave labor to cultivate cotton. The summary also briefly outlines the harsh conditions slaves faced on plantations and examples of resistance like the failed Nat Turner rebellion of 1831.
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Similar to Antebellum south
Antebellum south
The document provides an overview of antebellum southern society and the institution of slavery. It describes the southern economy as primarily based on agriculture, especially cotton production, with slavery as the main labor force. It discusses the demographics of the south, which had a population that was 40% enslaved black people. The summary also characterizes southern slavery as a "peculiar institution" and notes that slave resistance took forms like sabotage, escape, and occasional rebellions.
Antebellum South
The document discusses several aspects of slavery in the Antebellum South including:
1) The South's economy was primarily based on agriculture, especially cotton production which relied heavily on slave labor.
2) Southern society consisted of slave owners, poor white farmers, and over 3 million black slaves who experienced harsh and inhumane conditions.
3) Slaves resisted their situation through acts of sabotage, escaping via the Underground Railroad, and occasional rebellions, though life for the majority of slaves was one of forced labor and family separation.
Antebellum South. American History CTP.
The document summarizes characteristics of the antebellum South including its primarily agrarian economy reliant on cotton and slavery. It notes the region's lack of industrialization and inadequate transportation systems. Statistics are provided on the breakdown of the southern population, with over 3 million black slaves comprising 40% of the total southern population of 9.25 million. Examples of southern plantation life and the slave economy are illustrated through images and advertisements. Resistance methods and rebellions by slaves are also outlined.
Antebellum South Slide S Hare
The document discusses characteristics of the antebellum South including its primarily agrarian economy focused on cotton production using slave labor. It notes the South's inadequate transportation and financial systems compared to the industrializing North. Socially, it describes the slaveholding plantation owners and non-slaveholding white farmers, with slaves making up around 40% of the southern population and living under harsh laws and codes. The document also examines forms of slave resistance like sabotage and escape attempts.
8 - antebellum america
The document provides an overview of the economic, social, and political differences between the antebellum North and South. The North's economy was based on manufacturing and industry while the South relied on slave labor to grow cash crops like cotton. These diverging economic systems led to conflicts over the expansion of slavery and states' rights, ultimately resulting in the American Civil War.
Antebellum southrevised
The document provides an overview of events and developments in the Antebellum South, including:
1) The Battle of Kettle Creek and Battle of Bloody Marsh were significant military engagements during the American Revolutionary War that helped secure Georgia for the colonists.
2) The Proclamation of 1763 established policies that angered the colonists and contributed to growing tensions between Britain and its American colonies.
Antebellum south
The document discusses slavery and the antebellum South. It describes how the South was mainly agricultural with little industry and how power shifted to the Lower South as cotton became very profitable due to the invention of the cotton gin. Slavery was integral to the Southern economy and way of life, with over 4 million slaves by 1860 producing most of the world's cotton. Abolitionists like Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman advocated for ending slavery, but the South strongly defended the institution of slavery. This set the stage for the future clash over the issue of slavery that would lead to the Civil War.
Lecture 7 - Slavery - 10.2016
The document provides a summary of Professor Grace Chee's lecture on the consolidation of slavery in the South between 1790-1850. It discusses how slavery expanded and became entrenched, driven by the growth of cotton and the invention of the cotton gin. The internal slave trade transported over 800,000 slaves from the Upper South to the Deep South. Slaves resisted through escape, rebellion, and embracing religion. The pro-slavery movement argued it was a positive good. Strict laws were passed to control free blacks and suppress abolitionists. Slavery shaped Southern society, economics, and gender roles.
The Age of "King Cotton"
Lecture/PowerPoint on the growth and effects of King Cotton in the years before the American Civil War
The Abolitionist Movement and the Abolitionists
The document summarizes life in the Antebellum South, including the four social classes: slaves, poor whites, yeoman farmers, and planters. It discusses slave resistance like sabotage and the Nat Turner rebellion. The abolitionist movement sought to end slavery, including through colonization efforts. Prominent abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison, David Walker, Sojourner Truth, Martin Delany, and Frederick Douglass advocated for the emancipation of slaves through newspapers, speeches, and activism. Southerners defended slavery as beneficial and comparable to Northern factories. Northern abolitionist views led the South to see itself as protecting the "peculiar institution."
The antebellum period
The document summarizes the key events and issues during the Antebellum period in the United States leading up to the Civil War. It describes the different economic bases of the Northern and Southern states and their reliance on one another. It discusses the institution of slavery, slave codes, and resistance efforts including the Underground Railroad. Abolitionist movements spread and influential books like Uncle Tom's Cabin helped sway public opinion against slavery, while the government failed to take action to end the growing divide over the issue of expanding slavery into new territories.
Slavery
The document provides information about slavery in the United States prior to the Civil War, including how Africans were brought to America through the slave trade, the conditions slaves faced, and efforts to resist slavery such as through the Underground Railroad which secretly transported escaped slaves to freedom. Obstacles an escaped slave may face in attempting to flee include recapture due to laws supporting slavery, separation from family and friends, lack of provisions or shelter, and risks of traveling at night such as exposure to weather or wild animals.
Causes of the Civil War: Slavery
The document provides information about slavery in the United States prior to the Civil War, including how Africans were brought to America through the Middle Passage, the conditions slaves faced, and resistance efforts such as the Underground Railroad which helped slaves escape to freedom. Key events that further divided the country over the issue of slavery are examined, such as the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 which increased tensions between abolitionists and slaveholders. Methods slaves used to communicate and assist each other in escaping via the Underground Railroad are described, despite facing severe punishments if caught.
Antebellum american society pt. 1
This document outlines objectives and trends related to the period of 1810-1860 in antebellum America. It discusses the growth of nationalism, sectionalism, expansion, the economy, social reforms, immigration, and cultural developments during this period. Key regions and populations are also identified, including the industrializing East, slave-dependent South, and agricultural West. Sectional tensions increased over the issues of slavery and states' rights.
Slave Society And Abolitionism
The document summarizes the rise and expansion of slavery in the American South between 1790-1860. It describes how Eli Whitney's cotton gin revitalized slavery by increasing cotton production. Slavery expanded greatly and the South became dominated by wealthy plantation owners relying on slave labor. Abolitionist movements emerged in the early 1800s advocating for the end of slavery and emancipation of slaves, though they faced strong opposition in the South where slavery was an important economic institution.
Sectionalism Two Ways Of Life V2
This document summarizes the key differences between Northern and Southern society in the period leading up to the Civil War. The North was increasingly urbanized and industrialized, while the South remained primarily rural and based its economy on slave labor and cotton exports. Slavery was central to the Southern way of life both economically and socially, with planters owning many slaves dominating politics. Abolitionism threatened the Southern social order, leading the South to defend the institution of slavery. Geographic and economic differences exacerbated sectional tensions between the North and South that ultimately led to the Civil War.
History group project
The document summarizes aspects of slave culture and resistance in America. It describes how slave culture was shaped by elements of African culture but also developed into its own identity over time. Slaves engaged in various forms of resistance such as slow work, sabotage, and running away to fight against the slave system. Strong family and community bonds helped slaves cope with the harsh conditions of slavery. Education was forbidden for slaves but they found ways to learn through oral traditions like music, folk tales and storytelling. The document also outlines differences in slave experiences across regions as well as political and social developments that impacted slavery over the years.
Slavery in America
The document discusses the history of slavery in early America, including that many Founding Fathers owned slaves, the institution was never mentioned in the Constitution, and the importation of slaves was permitted until 1808. It also describes how Eli Whitney's cotton gin in 1793 made slavery highly profitable, fueling a rapid increase in the slave population from 700,000 in 1790 to over 4 million by 1860 as the South became dominated by cotton production. Abolition movements emerged but were opposed by pro-slavery forces, heightening regional tensions over the issue of expanding slavery into new western territories, which escalated over events like the Dred Scott decision and led to the Civil War.
Sectionalism slide show
The document summarizes sectionalism in the United States from 1800-1860, focusing on divisions between the North, South, and West. The North's economy was based on industry and commercial farming, while the South's economy depended on slavery and the cotton industry. Sectional tensions increased over the issues of slavery's expansion into new western territories. Immigration strengthened the North's economy but also led to nativist sentiments against Catholic immigrants. The West experienced rapid expansion and settlement but also the dispossession of Native Americans.
Ch. 13 notes section 2 3
1) Many people moved west during the late 1800s seeking opportunities like free land, gold, and a new start. This included white male settlers, female settlers, and African Americans fleeing the South.
2) The Homestead Act of 1862 gave settlers 160 acres of free land if they farmed it for 5 years, attracting many new homesteaders. However, large land companies illegally took much of the best land.
3) Settlers faced many hardships on the frontier like building sod homes and surviving harsh winters with few amenities. Pioneering required strength and cooperation within communities.
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Antebellum south
- 1. The Antebellum South By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
- 2. Early Emancipation in the North
- 6. Southern Society (1850) “ Slavocracy” [plantation owners] The “Plain Folk” [white yeoman farmers] 6,000,000 Black Freemen Black Slaves 3,200,000 250,000 Total US Population 23,000,000 [9,250,000 in the South = 40%]
- 9. Graniteville Textile Co. Founded in 1845, it was the South’s first attempt at industrialization in Richmond, VA
- 11. Slaves Picking Cotton on a Mississippi Plantation
- 12. Slaves Using the Cotton Gin
- 13. Changes in Cotton Production 1820 1860
- 14. Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports
- 15. “ Hauling the Whole Week’s Pickings” William Henry Brown, 1842
- 16. Slaves Working in a Sugar-Boiling House, 1823
- 17. The South's "Peculiar Institution"
- 18. Slave Auction Notice, 1823
- 19. Slave Auction: Charleston, SC-1856
- 20. Slave Master Brands Slave Accoutrements Slave muzzle
- 22. Slave tag, SC Slave Accoutrements Slave leg irons Slave shoes
- 23. Antebellum Southern Plantation Life
- 26. Slaves posing in front of their cabin on a Southern plantation.
- 27. Tara – Plantation Reality or Myth? Hollywood’s Version?
- 28. A Real Georgia Plantation
- 29. Scarlet and Mammie (Hollywood Again!)
- 30. A Real Mammie & Her Charge
- 32. A Slave Family
- 37. Slave Resistance & Uprisings
- 41. Quilt Patterns as Secret Messages The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route .
- 42. Slave Rebellions Throughout the Americas
- 43. Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South 1822 Gabriel Prosser 1800
- 44. Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South: Nat Turner, 1831