The document presents an analysis of anthropology, emphasizing its relevance in understanding human behavior, culture, and societal relationships. It reviews various scholarly articles discussing topics such as the influence of religion on humanism, the importance of environmental factors in health, and the interrelation of archaeology and anthropology. The findings underscore the role of anthropology in addressing contemporary societal issues, including healthcare policies affecting marginalized groups.

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Audience Analysis Report: Anthropology
Introduction
Anthropology is a widely applicable discipline. It plays a role in every element of human
society. Anthropology offers a perspective or explanation to the phenomena of human science
(Eriksen, 2010). It explores the formation of culture and the influence of diverse factors on the
formation of behavior. It considers people to be a product of associations within defined societies
and relationships with the surroundings. The significance of relationships to social configuration
is diverse and relevant to any human lifestyle issue. Sources of livelihood and religion emerge as
crucial factors in the exploration of anthropology. The discipline offers insight into how moral
codes are developed and the factors that influence the process of life. Human development and
forging of individualism traits such as sexuality form another part of the discipline. People are
viewed as products of processes influenced by environment but considered to possess some level
of autonomous growth. Another dimension of the discipline is concerned with health and
referred to as medical anthropology. It is primarily concerned with the evolution of diseases and
medical conditions as influenced by the environment. The purpose of this annotated bibliography
is to explore the relationships that factor in human development. It reviews relevant studies from

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the past two decades and seeks an understanding of the dynamic character of anthropology as a
discipline. Numerous studies reveal the evolution of biological, psychological, and physical traits
of humans. The combined review of selected publications offers insight about the information
that can be learned during an interview with an anthropologist.
Annotated Bibliography
Engelke, M. (2014). Christianity and the Anthropology of Secular Humanism. Current
Anthropology, 55(10), S292-S301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677738
Engelke focuses on the implications of religion on development of perceptions. It
explored the perceptions towards and of Christian morality. It reveals the relationship secular and
religious conception of humanism. The hypothesis that Christianity influences how societies
approach humanism is put to test in modern context with the aim of shedding light about
Christianity. A qualitative approach is adopted with data originating from literature. The findings
of ethnographic studies are put to use as means for explaining religion and morality. Affiliate
groups of British Humanist Association prove useful as studies conducted by the local humanist
group are adopted (Engelke, 2014). The extent to which a relationship exists between religious
and secular individuals provides a measure for evaluating humanism. The findings revealed that
Christianity is a complex matter that cannot be defined effectively if cultural limitations are
imposed. The universality of the doctrine places it at a superior to all cultures position (Engelke,
2014). Humanity does not contravene Christianity or share all its perspective. Secular humanism
adopts the humanism values that have been accepted into universal humanism. Therefore,
religion has played a crucial role in influencing the worldview of human development. The study
is useful as a source of information about how religion influences human interaction.

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Eriksen, T. (2010). The challenges of anthropology. International Journal Of Pluralism And
Economics Education, 1(3), 194-202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpee.2010.034684
The article purposes to reveal the indispensable character of the discipline. Eriksen uses
ethnographic studies to appreciate and develop theoretical information about anthropology as a
factor in all paradigms of humanism. It is an important aspect in human sciences and plays a
crucial role of identifying human diversity. It offers insight into how one can make sense of
anthropology by utilizing a library of knowledge as presented over long time frame (Eriksen,
2010). Extensive literature review is completed to acquire information about the place of
livelihood in society, management of culture, and perceptions about humanity with focus on
progressive change over long periods of time. The studies effectively communicate diversity in
that, though they address a common discipline they speak in a contrasting manner. Anthropology
has a paradoxical character; it is exceptionally diverse, yet concerned with the development of
unique relationships defining society. Research establishes that the relationship between sciences
and humanities affects anthropology. The study is a worthy source of information about the
influence of environmental and technological factors on lifestyle choices and autonomous events
in human life. It reveals that humanity has continued to change over time and embraces lifestyle
variations as a means of adaptability.
Gillespie, S., Joyce, R., & Nichols, D. (2008). Chapter 15. Archaeology Is Anthropology.
Archeological Papers Of The American Anthropological Association, 13(1), 155-169.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ap3a.2003.13.1.155
The journal argues that archaeology is anthropology thus introducing archeological
anthropology. It purposes to demonstrate relationship between the two independent disciplines

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and communicate the relevance of such relationships. The research is built on the review of
publications. Evaluation of theories, analyses of practice set ups, and study of professional
relationships aids the understanding of archaeology as part of anthropology (Gillespie, Joyce, &
Nichols 2008). It embraces the findings of archaeologists and anthropology experts. Qualifying
literature explores anthropology and archaeology aspects. The popular message is that
archaeology is a section of anthropology. It is a subfield and is equally institutionally housed
within anthropology. The researcher achieves balance by approaching anthropology as a
discipline that allows experts to focus on a diversity of research agendas and explore numerous
career options. The study is useful in explaining the relationship between anthropology and every
other aspect of human life. It is sufficient for preparing an interviewer and inspiring the
development of an intelligent questionnaire.
Jarman, C., Larsen, T., Hunt, T., Lipo, C., Solsvik, R., & Wallsgrove, N. et al. (2017). Diet of the
prehistoric population of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) shows environmental adaptation
and resilience. American Journal Of Physical Anthropology, 1-19.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23273
The study focuses on the relationship between ancestral lifestyle and interaction with
environment with current adaptability needs. Its objective is to expose the inadequacies of
previous generations as having defined current day livelihoods. The researchers explore the
possibility that ‘The Rapa Nui’ community’s ancestral activities may have inspired regrettable
ecological outcomes and forced current generations to evolve in order to survive. The study used
primary sources of information complemented by secondary sources such as literature. Primary
data was acquired by observing archeological material. Isotope analyses were used to investigate
the activities and lifestyles of ancestors in regards to environmental exposure and diet (Jarman et

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al, 2017). In order to understand the relationship between previous environmental set up and the
current, similar isotope analyses were conducted on current environmental elements. The
findings that ancestors benefited from a protein diet sourced from marine life and engaged in
scientifically advised agricultural practices are arrived at. The study reveals that the activity of
manipulating environments to improve agricultural yields is not a recent discovery, since it
allowed prehistoric generations to achieve food security. The study is a worthy source as it offers
insight about how sections of the local environments lost the soil nitrate content to be
unproductive (Jarman et al, 2017). The Rapa Nui agricultural activities are seen to have pushed
the environment destructively thus influencing the capacity to support subsequent native
populations.
Tanner, A. (1996). Review of Anthropology, Public Policy, and Native Peoples in Canada edited
by Noel Dyck and James B. Waldram. Great Plains Research: A Journal Of Natural And
Social Sciences, 114-117.
The author purposes to expose the anthropological aspect of aboriginal societies. Its
approach to societal issues is limited by time and succeeds in presenting an argument that in-
depth research should consider information from extensive periods to expose patterns of human
life. The article is a review of the book “Anthropology, Public Policy, and Native Peoples in
Canada. The researcher explores the relationship between culture and modern policy (Tanner
(1996). Case studies reveal that modern policies affect aboriginal health. To that extent the
article presents information affirming that health is influenced by the social political
environment. The study identifies with research that by considering anthropologists in aboriginal
matters better approaches to society are realized. It also finds that the extent to which policy
makers consider cultural change in policy development in dropping with time. Political

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anthropology emerges as a crucial determinant of the quality of life realized by minority groups.
The review affirms that policy development and anthropology are inseparable disciplines.
Anthropologists can use the document as a source of information about the importance of
gaining an understanding of policy development to appreciate previous society compositions. On
the other hand, policy makers can use the document as evidence that the development of policies
demands an understanding of society.

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Works Cited
Engelke, Matthew. "Christianity And The Anthropology Of Secular Humanism." Current
Anthropology 55.10 (2014): S292-S301. Web. 9 July 2017.
Eriksen, Thomas Hylland. "The Challenges Of Anthropology." International Journal of Pluralism
and Economics Education 1.3 (2010): 194-202. Web.
Gillespie, Susan D., Rosemary A. Joyce, and Deborah L. Nichols. "Chapter 15. Archaeology Is
Anthropology." Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 13.1
(2008): 155-169. Web. 9 July 2017.
Jarman, Catrine L. et al. "Diet Of The Prehistoric Population Of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile)
Shows Environmental Adaptation And Resilience." American Journal of Physical
Anthropology (2017): 1-19. Web. 9 July 2017.
Tanner, Adrian. "Review of Anthropology, Public Policy, And Native Peoples In Canada Edited
By Noel Dyck And James B. Waldram." Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and
Social Sciences (1996): 114-117. Print.