This document contains summaries of several sources related to the civil rights movement: 1) A book summary describing Philip Randolph's fight for civil rights through organizing the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and establishing the Fair Employment Practice Committee. 2) Website summaries of BlackLivesMatter.com, created after Trayvon Martin's murder, and crmvet.org, a civil rights movement veteran-created site hosting first-hand accounts. 3) Article summaries about Title VII's role in combating workplace discrimination, and how a history lesson plan teaches about the civil rights and Black Power movements. Evaluations provide background on the authors.

1. William Spiegelberg
Herold
FYS 212
February 10 2016
Book: Bynum, Cornelius L. A. Philip Randolph and the Struggle for Civil Rights. Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 2010. Web.
Summary: This book describes Philip Randolph’s fight for civil rights. Examining
Randolph's work in lobbying for the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, threatening to
lead a march on Washington in 1941, and establishing the Fair Employment Practice
Committee, Cornelius L. Bynum shows that Randolph's push for African American
equality took place within a broader progressive program of industrial reform. Bynum
interweaves biographical information on Randolph with details on how he gradually
shifted his thinking about race and class, full citizenship rights, industrial organization,
trade unionism, and civil rights protest throughout his activist career.
Evaluation: Cornelius L. Bynum received his Ph.D. in history from the University of
Virginia in 2004. He teaches courses in African American history and writes about
progressive impulses among African Americans and authentic and independent strains of
black radicalism in the early twentieth century.
Website 1: http://blacklivesmatter.com/
Summary: This is the main website for the movement Black Lives Matter. This
movement was created by Alicia Garza, Opal Tometi, and Patrisse Cullors after the 17-
year-old Trayvon Martin was post-humously placed on trial for his own murder and the
killer, George Zimmerman, was not held accountable for the crime he committed. Black
Lives Matter is an ideological and political intervention in a world where black lives are
systematically and intentionally targeted for demise.

2. Evaluation: Both the site and the movement were started by Alicia Garza, Opal Tometi,
and Patrisse Cullors. The site, however, does not list any qualifications for any of the
three of them.
Website 2: www.crmvet.org
Summary: The following is a summary from the website itself: In building the CRMVet
website, we adhere to three guiding principles:
We make no pretense of academic "neutrality." We were freedom fighters and
freedom riders, and most of us remain so. This is our website where we speak for
ourselves in our own voices. Therefore, all substantive material regarding the Freedom
Movement on the CRMVet site is from or by Movement veterans as opposed to reporters,
book authors, academics, and other observers. This is not to disrespect authors,
academics and others, but they have available to them many outlets and public venues for
their work. So we want this, our website, to reflect our point of view.
The Freedom Movement was broad-based and multi-faceted, encompassing a
wide range of beliefs, analyses, stratagies, and tactics, all of which evolved and changed
over time. Therefore, we do not censor, or politically-privilege material from some
Movement veterans over others. The CRMVet website, as a website, does not attempt to
sum-up or offer formal conclusions about the Movement. Instead, individual Movement
veterans contributing signed pieces to the site do that from their own points of view.
Neither do we pick and choose on any political basis which documents or other original
materials to post. Our policy is to post all legible materials that we can acquire. In a sense
then, we see CRMVet as an archive rather than an exhibit expressing a specific point of
view.
We cover the Southern Freedom Movement during the period 1951-1968. We
restrict ourselves to the Movement as it existed in the South because it was the Southern
wing of the Movement that we participated in and know enough about to build our
website. We've always hoped that activists from the Northern wing of the Movement
would build an equivalent sister site.

3. Evaluation: Bruce Hartford was one of the Jews active in the Civil Rights movement.
Bruce Hartford began with CORE and the Non-Violent Action Committee (N-VAC) in
Los Angeles (1963-1964) with direct action campaigns for housing integration and
school desegregation; and against employment discrimination by Bank of America, Van
deKamps Bakeries, and others.
Article 1: Roman, Ediberto. "Love and Civil Rights." Howard Law Journal 58.1 (2014): 113.
Web.
Summary: This article describes different parts of the civil rights movement. His main
purpose, it seems, is to discuss the importance of Title VII. According to the article,
“…Title VII, in its current form, expressly forbids employers from discriminating on the
basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Moreover, Title VII features
ancillary prohibitions aimed at combating discrimination in the workplace.”
Evaluation: From 1995 to 2002, Ediberto Roman was an associate professor and then
professor of law at St. Thomas University School of Law. In 2003, he joined the Florida
International University College of Law as a founding faculty member, then serving as
Associate Dean for Academic Affairs from 2005 to 2007.
Article 2: Joseph, Peniel E. "Civil Rights, Black Power, and American Democracy."
Organization of American Historians Magazine of History [H.W. Wilson - EDUC] 22.3 (2008):
30. Web.
Summary: Part of a special issue on the Black Power movement. The writer outlines an
activity in which students learn to define the Black Power movement, analyze the
relationship between civil rights and Black Power activists, and discuss the Black Power
movement's impact on, and interaction with, longstanding American democratic
institutions.
Evaluation: Peniel Joseph is a Professor of History at Tufts University; focusing on
African American, Race Relations, Intellectual History, Civil Rights and Black Power.
He is a frequent national commentator on issues of race, democracy, and civil rights
whose commentary has been featured on NPR and Public Radio nationally.