Animal cells
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The document summarizes several key organelles in cells: - The cytoplasm contains organelles and allows substances to pass in and out of the cell. The nucleus is the largest organelle and contains the cell's genetic information. - Mitochondria convert food into energy for the cell's use, with more in cells requiring greater energy. The endoplasmic reticulum helps produce and transport proteins, with ribosomes attached in some areas. - The Golgi complex sorts and ships proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. Lysosomes digest unneeded proteins and lipids for the cell.
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The document discusses cells and their components. It defines cells as the basic unit of structure and function of living things. It describes several key organelles and their functions, including the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane. It also distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that prokaryotes are smaller and lack a nucleus while eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles and nuclei.
Cells
This document provides information about the key organelles found within cells, including their structure and functions. It discusses the cytosol, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, and ribosomes. The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and controls the cell. Mitochondria convert food into ATP for energy. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex are involved in protein synthesis and shipping. Ribosomes attach to the endoplasmic reticulum and synthesize proteins using messenger RNA. All of these organelles work together to carry out the essential functions needed for cells to survive.
Cell Organelles
An organelle is a specialized subunit that has a specific function. The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence organelle. Organelles are either separately enclosed within their own lipid bilayers (also called membrane-bound organelles) or are spatially distinct functional units without a surrounding lipid bilayer (non-membrane bound organelles). Although most organelles are functional units within cells, some functional units that extend outside of cells are often termed organelles, such as cilia, the flagellum and archaellum, and the trichocyst.
Cell structure
This document provides information about cell organelles and their functions. It discusses the basic components that all cells contain, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and organelles. It describes the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and highlights some key organelles in plant and animal cells such as the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, cell wall, and vacuoles. Throughout, it uses analogies to a turtle to help explain the structures and roles of various organelles.
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cells
There are two main categories of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus while prokaryotic cells do not and are generally smaller. Cells are the basic unit of life and can exist independently as single-celled organisms like bacteria and amoeba or function together in multicellular organisms. All cells have a plasma membrane that regulates what enters and exits the cell and protects the internal structures. Inside the cell is the nucleus containing DNA and various organelles that carry out important processes like protein synthesis in the ribosomes and energy production in mitochondria.
Fundamental unit of life cell
This document summarizes the key components and functions of cells. It describes that cells are the fundamental unit of life and consists of organelles like the plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and centrioles (in animal cells). It provides details on the structures and roles of these various organelle in supporting cellular processes.
ecplain the cell and its functionsSolutionCellThe cell is th.pdf
ecplain the cell and its functions
Solution
Cell
The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms. A
cell is the smallest working unit of all living organisms on our planet earth, which is capable of
performing life functioning. They are often called the building blocks of our life. The study of
cells is called cell biology.
The term cell was first observed and identified by an English physicist Robert Hook in the year
1665. There were many theories developed for cell. Later in the year 1839 a two German
scientists Schwann and Schleiden provided few basic principles of cell.
Cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane which contains many biomolecules such
as proteins and nucleic acids. The organisms can be classified as unicellular (consists single cell:
bacteria-prokaryotes) or multicellular (including plants and animals-Eukaryotes). The number of
cells in plants and animals varies from species to species. Therefore human contains more than
10 trillion cells.
There are many cells in an individual, which performs several functions throughout the life. The
size and the shape of the cell range from millimeter to microns, which are generally based on the
type of function that it performs. A cell generally varies in their shapes. A few cells are in
spherical, rod, flat, concave, curved, rectangular and oval shaped. Most of the plant and animal
cells are visible only under microscope, with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometers.
The structure and function of cells
The basic structure of all cells, whether prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the same. All cells have
an outer layer called plasma membrane. The plasma membrane holds the cell together and allows
the passage of substances in and out of the cell.
The interior of both kinds of cells is known as cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm eukaryotes are
embedded with cellular organelles but in prokaryotes contain no organelles. Finally, both types
of cells contain small structures called ribosomes. These are the sites within the cells where
proteins are produced.
Cell wall: It helps protecting the plasma membrane and plays an important role in protecting the
cells.
Cell membrane: A thin, flexible layer of plant or animal tissue that covers, lines, separates or
holds together, or connects parts of an organism
Cytoplasm: It is a membrane which protects the cell by keeping cells organelles separates from
each other. This helps to keep the cell in stable. Cytoplasm is the major site that many
biochemical reactions take place.
Nucleus: They are membrane bound organelles which are found in many eukaryotes. It is the
very important organelle of a cell as it controls the complete activity of a cell and also plays a
vital role in reproduction
Nuclear membrane: These bilayer membranes which protects the nucleus by surrounding around
it and acts as a barrier between the barrier nucleus and other organelles in the cell
Nucleolus: It is found inside the nucleus.
Cell structure
This document summarizes the key organelles and their functions in plant and animal cells. It describes two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells which are divided into four classes, focusing on plant and animal cells. The major organelles common to both types of eukaryotic cells are then explained, such as the cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, nucleus, and ribosomes. Organelles unique to plant cells like chloroplasts and the cell wall are also outlined. Finally, the differences between plant and animal cells are recapped.
Cell & Its Orgenells
The document summarizes the structures and functions of animal cells. It discusses that animal cells contain a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear envelope that houses the cell's genetic material. The cytoplasm contains various membrane-bound organelles that perform specialized functions like mitochondria which generate energy, the endoplasmic reticulum which synthesizes proteins, and lysosomes which digest waste. The plasma membrane encloses the cell and regulates what enters and exits, and the cytoskeleton maintains the cell's shape.
Cell Physiology
- Cells are the basic structural and functional units of the human body. There are many different types of cells including muscle, nerve, blood cells etc.
- Tissues are groups of cells that perform specific functions. The basic types of tissues include epithelial, muscle, nervous, and connective tissues.
- Organs consist of two or more tissues working together to perform a particular function like the heart, liver, stomach. Systems are associations of organs that work together like the digestive, nervous, circulatory and respiratory systems.
Nscu 302 wk 2 4
This document provides information about cell organelles and their functions. It uses a turtle analogy to help explain each organelle. The key organelles discussed include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, ribosomes, lysosomes, chloroplasts, and cell wall. Plant cells contain chloroplasts and a cell wall, which animal cells do not have. The document emphasizes that all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, contain organelles that allow the cell to carry out essential functions needed to sustain life.
Life Science.Part2.Looking Inside Cells
1. The document discusses the structure and function of cells, from the organelles inside plant and animal cells like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, to the differences between plant and animal cells.
2. It also covers the levels of organization in the human body from cells to tissues to organs to organ systems and examples like bone cells, bone tissue, and the skeletal system.
3. The highest levels of organization are organisms, which are individual living things, and ecosystems, which are communities of organisms that interact with each other and the environment.
Types and Structure of Animal Cell.pdf
The document discusses the structure and components of animal cells. It begins by explaining that animal cells are eukaryotic, containing a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. It then describes the main organelles - cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and vacuole - and their functions in supporting the cell. Finally, it outlines several types of specialized animal cells, including fat, blood, skin, nerve, and muscle cells, and their roles in tissues and the body.
6. cell structure and functions.ppt
The document provides information on human cell structure and organelles. It discusses the basic components of the cell, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and microfilaments. The plasma membrane forms the outer boundary of the cell and regulates the passage of substances. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and controls cellular functions. Mitochondria generate energy for the cell through aerobic respiration. Ribosomes synthesize proteins using RNA as a template.
Similar to Animal cells (20)
ecplain the cell and its functionsSolutionCellThe cell is th.pdf
ecplain the cell and its functionsSolutionCellThe cell is th.pdf
Animal cells
- 2. Cytoplasm refers to the jelly-like material with organelles in it.
- 4. The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It is the largest organelle in the cell and it contains all the information for cells to live, perform their functions and reproduce. The nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus and controls what goes in and out of the nucleus.
- 5. Mitochondria Mitochondria convert potential energy of food molecules into energy that can be used by our bodies. Every type of cell has a different amount of mitochondria. There are more mitochondria in cells that have to perform lots of work, for example- your leg muscle cells, heart muscle cells etc. Other cells need less energy to do their work and have less mitochondria.
- 6. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - when ribosomes are attached it is called rough ER and smooth ER when there are no ribosomes attached. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is where most protein are made and transported in the cell. The function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is to help to get rid of harmful substances in the cell.
- 7. Golgi complex (apparatus or bodies) - It is an organelle in the cell that is responsible for sorting and correctly shipping the proteins produced in the ER.
- 8. Ribosomes - Organelles that help in the creation of proteins. Some ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm, but most are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. While attached to the ER, ribosomes make proteins that the cell needs and also ones to be exported from the cell for work elsewhere in the body.
- 9. Lysosome s function as the cell's recycling compartment. Lysosomes receive proteins and lipids that need digesting.