The document discusses several environmental issues in the Philippines, with a focus on solid waste management. It notes that solid waste generation is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. Current management practices like composting and recycling are insufficient. Proper implementation of practices like segregation, composting, recycling and use of landfills is needed to effectively manage increasing waste. The document also discusses how solid waste management impacts climate change and the budget spent by local governments on waste management.
The document discusses several environmental issues in the Philippines, with a focus on solid waste management. It notes that solid waste generation is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. Current management practices like composting and recycling are insufficient. Proper implementation of practices like segregation, composting, recycling and use of landfills is needed to effectively manage increasing waste. The document also discusses how solid waste management impacts climate change and the budget spent by local governments on waste management.
Filipino 9 Paggamit ng Angkop na mga Pahayag sa Pagbibigay ng Opinyon o PananawJuan Miguel Palero
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa paksang tungkol sa Paggamit ng Angkop na mga pahayag sa pagbibigay ng opinyon o pananaw. Dito din matatagpuan ang mga alituntunin sa paggamit ng mga pahayag sa pagbibigay ng opinyon o pananaw
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa paksang tungkol sa Epiko ni Bidasari. Dito din matatagpuan ang kahulugan, mga uri at mga gawain patungkol sa paksang Pang-Abay
Filipino 9 Paggamit ng Angkop na mga Pahayag sa Pagbibigay ng Opinyon o PananawJuan Miguel Palero
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa paksang tungkol sa Paggamit ng Angkop na mga pahayag sa pagbibigay ng opinyon o pananaw. Dito din matatagpuan ang mga alituntunin sa paggamit ng mga pahayag sa pagbibigay ng opinyon o pananaw
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa paksang tungkol sa Epiko ni Bidasari. Dito din matatagpuan ang kahulugan, mga uri at mga gawain patungkol sa paksang Pang-Abay
THESIS - WIKANG FILIPINO, SA MAKABAGONG PANAHONMi L
I uploaded this thesis for the reference of the future researchers.
Entitled Wikang Filipino, sa Makabagong Panahon.
We tackled about the progress of Filipino language as time pass by. And the factors that affect it.
Enjoy and God bless! :)
El documento describe el terrorismo en el Perú en las décadas de 1980 y 2000, cuando grupos como Sendero Luminoso y el MRTA sembraron el terror. Explica que estos grupos se expandieron debido a la ausencia del estado en regiones como Ayacucho, y causaron decenas de miles de muertes y desapariciones antes de ser derrotados.
The document discusses the natural resources and key industries of various countries in the Middle East and surrounding regions. It lists the main natural resources such as agricultural products, minerals, and oil for each country, and describes their leading industries like oil production, manufacturing, agriculture and mining. The economies of most countries in the region revolve around oil production and related industries as well as other resource extraction and processing activities.
The document discusses footnotes and citations. It defines a footnote as a note added below a printed page that provides additional information. It also defines ibid as an abbreviation used to refer to the same source as the immediately preceding footnote when multiple footnotes cite the same source. The document provides examples of how to use ibid to indicate the same source and page number in consecutive footnotes. It lists sources used to define these terms at the end.
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disease characterized by memory impairment and eventual disturbances in reasoning, planning, language, and perception. The likelihood of Alzheimer's increases substantially after age 70 and may affect around 50% of people over 85. The main risk factor is age, though genetic and other factors also contribute. Alzheimer's is diagnosed when sufficient cognitive decline meets dementia criteria, the clinical course matches Alzheimer's, and no other brain diseases better explain symptoms.
According to Greek mythology, the word Capricorn is derived from the name of a mythical creature which was half-goat and half-fish. This creature is known as one of the most inspiring creatures on the earth.
Iran has a long history dating back thousands of years, with various empires and dynasties ruling over its territory. It is currently an Islamic republic established in 1979 after the overthrow of the monarchy. Iran has a population of over 68 million people and its economy relies heavily on oil and natural gas exports, though it also has other natural resources. The majority of Iranians are Shi'a Muslims and Farsi is the official language.
This document discusses several issues that can hinder the development of a nation, including early pregnancy, corruption, theft, lack of food, lack of money, improper waste disposal, unemployment, and overpopulation. Addressing these problems is important for a country's progress.
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The Iran-Iraq War Essay
The Iran Iraq War
While the Iran Iraq War during the 1980 s may have permanently altered the course of progress in Iran and Iraq, the war also altered the resulting permanent involvement of the rest of the world in the middle east. The rich and complicated history in Iraq has established numerous cultural and ethnic traditions that all play a part in where the country is today. The Iran Iraq War brought into focus some of those traditions and how they conflicted, while also bringing Iraq and its economic situation into the spotlight. Being on top of some of the most mineral rich soil in the world makes Iraq a major contributor to the world s economy through petroleum and crude oil exports. This, among other reasons, ties nations...show more content...The Safavids were the first the first to declare Shia Islam the official religion of Iran, and their interest in Iraq lay in the Shia holy places in central Iraq, and also the fact that Baghdad held significant symbolic value as the seat of the ancient Abbasid Empire. The Ottoman Empire on the other hand was afraid that Shia Islam would spread to Asia Minor, and thus looked to control Iraq as a Sunni dominated buffer state. During the Ottoman period, the Sunnis were placed in political positions, while the Shias were then shut out of the political process. This divide between the Sunnis and the Shias continued to be more and more of an important element in the Iraqi social structure, and remains an issue even today. It was also during this time period that the Kurdish Baban Dynasty emerged and began to organize resistance to the Ottoman rule in Northern Iraq.
Then came the First World War and with
The document provides historical context on Iraq, including:
- Iraq has been home to ancient civilizations along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers for millennia.
- Saddam Hussein rose to power in 1979 and led Iraq until 2003, engaging in wars with Iran and invading Kuwait.
- The U.S. invaded Iraq in 2003 under George W. Bush seeking to dismantle Saddam Hussein's regime and weapons of mass destruction, but faced instability and insurgency thereafter.
The document discusses the geopolitics of Southwest Asia and the Middle East. It covers the ethnic and religious diversity of the region, including the Kurdish people who lack a sovereign state. It also summarizes the Iran-Iraq War from 1980 to 1988, which killed over 1 million people and devastated both countries' economies and infrastructure. Finally, it provides an overview of Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990 and the US-led coalition that drove Iraqi forces out of Kuwait in the Persian Gulf War.
Social Studies - The 1990 Iraq-Kuwait WarGoh Bang Rui
Subscribe to my education channel.
bit.ly/gohbangrui
These slides introduce Chapter 1: 1990 Iraq-Kuwait War to the Secondary 4 students who are studying Social Studies for the Singapore current syllabus.
These slides are divided into 4 areas.
1. Why we study this for Singapore Social Studies? [Slide 15]
2. Basic Events of the War [Slide 19]
3. Causes of the War [Slide 37]
4. Impacts of the War [Slide 64]
Any feedback is welcome.
You can also watch the flipped video for the first three parts of the lesson using the below link.
http://bit.ly/iraqkuwaitwar
This document provides an overview of Iraq, including its history, geography, government, economy, and culture. Some key points:
- Iraq has a long history as the site of ancient Sumerian and Babylonian civilizations along the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It was later ruled by the Persians, Abbasid Caliphate, Ottomans, and British before gaining independence in 1932.
- The country is currently a parliamentary democracy with a population of over 30 million, mostly Arab or Kurdish Muslims. Oil exports dominate the economy.
- Major cities include Baghdad, Mosul, Basra, and Arbil. Archaeological sites like Uruk and Baghdad's
The document provides a history of Turkey from ancient times to the modern era. It discusses the various empires and groups that ruled Anatolia, including the Hittites, Greeks, Persians, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks, and Ottomans. It then focuses on the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who introduced sweeping political, social, economic, and cultural reforms to modernize the new nation.
The document is a short story about different important jobs followed by comprehension questions. It states that doctors, police officers, firefighters, teachers, scientists, bus drivers, and cashiers are all important because they keep people healthy, safe, help people, help people learn, learn new things to help people, get people places safely, and let people buy necessities. Families are also important because they take care of people. The questions ask why firefighters are important, why teachers are important, and who the reader thinks is the most important.
The story introduces Toot the engine. Toot pulls a long train and carries people including men, women, boys, girls. Toot also carries bags, tins, sacks, sand, rocks, and boxes. Toot goes up hills, down hills, and listens for the whistle before going off. Toot's wheels go round and round on the tracks.
Tom has a green parrot named Polly. Polly is sitting in a tree and does not come when Tom calls her. Tom gets a mango from his mother and uses it to call Polly. When Polly sees the mango, she flies down to Tom. Both Tom and Polly are happy.
Tim is thin and visits his two friends Beth and Thelma. Beth was crying because she lost her house key and couldn't get inside. Tim comforted Beth while they waited for Thelma. Thelma arrived and had a spare key, allowing Beth to enter her home. The three friends then went inside for tea.
The kids were outside playing catch when they heard thunder rumbling in the sky. They decided to go inside to play it safe rather than stay outside in the storm where it wasn't safe or risk getting wet. Inside, they played a board game and enjoyed listening to the thunder while playing. After the storm passed, the kids went back outside and saw a rainbow.
Gail the snail felt plain so she decided to paint her shell. She got paint and started painting her shell but then it started to rain. The rain washed the paint off so Gail's shell was plain again.
The short story is about a girl named Emma who received a bright pink and shiny new bicycle as a gift from her uncle. Her uncle hid the bicycle behind a bush to surprise Emma. When Emma looked behind the bush and saw the bicycle, she jumped for joy because it was just what she wanted. She gave her uncle a big hug. Emma loves her new bicycle and she loves her uncle.
A greedy dog saw a big bone in a butcher's shop window. It went into the shop and stole the bone, prompting the butcher to chase it. The dog escaped and ran far away. While crossing a bridge, the dog saw another dog in the river below with an even bigger bone. When the greedy dog tried to take that bone, it dropped its own bone into the river, leaving it sad without a bone.
Sheila lives near a river and often goes there with her father, who is a fisherman. One day while sitting in her father's boat, Sheila says she wishes she had some shoes. Later when her father is leaving to go fishing, Sheila shouts that she wants him to bring back a shell, but he shouts back "no shells, just fish!". That evening, Sheila's father returns home and gives Sheila a box, which contains a pair of shiny black shoes that make her happy.
Roy has many toys but does not let his friends play with them. When some boys come over to play, Roy only wants to play hide and seek while the boys ask to play with his toys like his drum, cars, and truck. Roy refuses and cries when he cannot find the boys during hide and seek. Later, Roy learns to share his toys with his friends and they come over every day to play, making Roy happy.
Rima and Diya are in the garden on a hot, sunny day. They hear a croaking sound and look under trees, pots, bushes, and a car to find the source of the noise. Rima eventually finds a frog under a leaf in the pond, but there is no water in the pond. She calls for her dad, who comes and looks in the pond with Rima and Diya. Dad helps fill the pond with water from a bucket so the frog is no longer stranded.
The passage describes how a bear named prepares for winter. First, the bear eats a lot to gain weight. Then, he finds a den and fills it with leaves to keep warm. By eating much and having a cozy den, the bear is ready for the cold winter season. The questions ask about the character, what the bear needs to do, and how the bear gets ready for winter.
The passage introduces three fish: Finny, who has beautiful long fins to help her swim fast; Tayla, whose big tail moves from side to side to help her go different directions; and Igor, who has great big eyes to help him see where he's going and see big scary fish. It includes questions about which fish has each feature and asks which fish the reader would most want as a pet and why.
Greg helps his mom make chocolate chip cookies, which are his favorite. He adds chocolate chips to the batter, stirs them in, and forms the batter into balls that he places on a baking sheet. While the cookies bake, Greg licks the leftover batter from the mixing bowl.
The story is about a kitten who has to choose between playing with her new toy or chasing a mouse she sees. If she chases the mouse, her brother will take her toy. But if she plays with the toy, the mouse will get away. She decides to chase the mouse instead of playing with the toy, since she doesn't see mice often and finds chasing them more fun, even though she doesn't catch it. She is happy with her choice.
The story is about a visit to Jen's small shop by Jack. Jen has a variety of items for sale including pens, nibs, books, bags, clocks, clips and buttons. When Jack asks if she has certain items, Jen always replies that she does and describes what kinds she has. At the end, when Jack says he wants nothing and was just checking, Jen chases him away from the shop.
Brad loves playing video games, especially Disney games. One day after school, Brad's mom asked if he had homework, which he did, but he considered lying so he could play his games. However, he decided to tell the truth because he knew if he lied, he would not be allowed to play video games for a week. Brad finished his homework and had time to play two games before dinner.
The document is a short passage about apples that is followed by questions. It discusses that apples can be red, yellow, or green; each color tastes different. Apples finish growing in the fall and can be picked from trees by twisting and pulling them off. The passage notes there are five parts to an apple: the skin, flesh, seeds, stem, and sometimes leaves. The subsequent questions ask when apples finish growing, what the passage is about, how many parts an apple has, and what is wondered about apples after reading.
The document is a short story about bears that describes the different types of bears, where they live, their physical characteristics, and their hibernation behaviors. It then provides questions about the details in the story.
Anna and her family enjoy doing puzzles of different sizes. Anna is best at small puzzles with about 50 pieces that she tries to complete one per day. Anna and her brother work on medium puzzles together. When the whole family does a puzzle, they do very large ones with 500 pieces or more that can take them a week to finish. They glue their favorite completed puzzles together and frame them to display on the wall.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
1. Talaan ng nilalaman
I. Title Page
II. Batayang Kaalaman
III. Kasaysayan ng Bansa
IV. Kasalukuyang Estado
V. Mga Suliranin ng Bansa
VI. Summarization
VII. Rekomendasyon
VIII. Reference
No cover page
No page number
2. Batayang Kaalaman:
a.Kahulugan ng Pananaliksik
Layunin ng pananaliksik na maibahagi ang kasaysayan, suliranin at kalagayan
ng bansang Iraq. Sasaliksikin nito ang mga impormasyon ukol sa estado ng
bansang Iraq kagaya ng Suliraning Pambansa, Suliraning Pampulitika,
Suliraning Panlipunan at Suliraning pang Ekonomiya, matatalakay din ang
Kasaysayang Pambansa, Kasulukuyang Estado ng Bansa, Mga Suliranin ng
Bansa kagaya ng pagkasira ng Kalikasan, Lumalaking Populasyon, Paglabag sa
Karapatang Pantao, Kahirapan, Katiwalian sa Pamahalaan, Kawalan ng
Katagang Pampolitika at Bantang Terorismo. Nais din ng pananaliksik na ito
na makapagbigay kahulugan at solusyon na maaring mairekomenda para
masolusyonan ang ilan sa mga suliranin lalo na sa Kahirapan, Terorismo at
kalagayang Pambansa.
Wrong margin
Wrong spacing of the text
3. b. Kahulugan ng Suliraning Pambansa
Pangunahing Suliranin ng Bansa ang Terorismo, maaring sila ang nagsisimula at nagbabanta ng
terorismo at maaring din namang sila ang napagbabantaan ng terorismo ng iba. Ang mga
terorismong ito ay nagsisimula kung mayroong komptetisyong pambansa kagaya ng agawan sa
teritoryo at hindi pag sang ayon sa isa’t isa o maari din namang sinadyang paagbabanta sa isang
katauhan at nadadamay lamang ang estado. Isang dahilan din ang banta ng terorismo sa kahirapan
ng bansa. At isa pang dahilan ng paghihirap ng Bansang Iraq ay ang pagdami ng tao. Sa sobrang
pagkadami ng tao ay nagreresulta na sa hindi mabigyan ng sapat na pangangailangan ng bawat tao.
4. c. Kahulugan ng Pampolitika
Ang Punong administrado ng Iraq ngayon ay si Haider al – Adabi. Para sa pagkakaintindi namin,
ay hindi maganda ang pamamahala ng punong administrado dahil kung makikita naman natin,
maraming naghihirap sa kanila at walang kontrol sa paggamit ng mga kayamanan at pondo ng
bansa.
Too short, add more details
5. d. Kahulugan ng Pang – ekonomiya
Ang pangunahing bentahin sa kanila ay ang pagbenta ng langis. Gumagamit sila ng mga barko
para sa pagbibigay at transportasyon ng langis sa ibang bansa. At syempre, hindi matatanggal ang
kaguluhan sa pagbebenta ng langis. Tulad ng laban ng Iran at Iraq noong 1980. Maraming produkto
at produskyon ng langis ang nasira at nawala. Gumastos sila ng mahigit 80 billion na dolyar upang
maipaayos ito ulit. Kaya’t ito ay isa sa mga rason ng kanilang paghihirap hanggang ngayon.
Mayroon din silang pinapalagung kalupaan upang mapakinabangan. Dahil sa Ethnic Politics ang
lupaing “Kurdish” ay hindi gaano nakatulong sa ekonomiyang pambansa nila.
6. Kasaysayan ng Bansa
1. “Present day Iraq, known in classical antiquity as Mesopotamia, was home to the
oldest civilizations in the world,[1][2]with a cultural history of over 10,000
years,[3][4][5] hence its common epithet, the Cradle of Civilization. Mesopotamia, as
part of the larger Fertile Crescent, was a significant part of the Ancient Near
East throughout the Bronze Age and theIron Age.
Arabs have beenthe majority of Iraq's population since Sassanid times.[6] Iraq was ruled by
the indigenous empires,Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian and also by foreign
empires; Median, Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian andSassanian empires during the Iron
Age and Classical Antiquity, before Iraq was conquered by the Muslim Rashidun
Caliphate in the 7th century, and became a center of the Islamic Golden Age during the
medieval Abbasid Caliphate. After a series of invasions and conquest by
the Mongols and Turks, Iraq fell under Ottoman rule in the 16th century, intermittently
falling under Iranian Safavid and Mamluk control.
Ottoman rule ended with World War I, and Iraq came to be administered by the British
Empire until the establishment of the Kingdom of Iraq in 1933. The Republic of Iraq was
established in 1958 following a coup d'état. The Republic was controlled by Saddam
Hussein from 1979 to 2003, into which period falls the Iran-Iraq war and the Persian Gulf
War. Saddam Hussein was deposed following the 2003 US-led invasion of the
country. Following the invasion, the situation deteriorated to the extent that in 2006–2007,
Iraq was on the brink of civil war. However, conditions improved following a surge in U.S.
troops in 2007–2008, and the war was declared formally over in December 2011, with the
U.S. troops leaving the country.”
Ang nilalaman ng sanggunian sa itaas ay ang kasaysayan ng bansang Iraq. Ang mga Arab ang
pinaka madaming tao sa bansang Iraq. At, sino nga ba ang mga Arab? Ang mga nasasakupan ng
mga aral at kultura ng mga Arab ay ang
mga: Lebanese, Syrians, Emiratis, Qataris, Saudis,Bahrainis, Kuwaitis, Iraqis, Omanis, Jordania
ns, Palestinians, Yemenis, Sudanis, Algerians, Moroccans,Tunisians, Libyans, Somalis and Egyp
tians.
Ang mga Imperyong sumakop sa kanila ay nakadulot sa kanila ng sobrang daming pagbabago at
pagpapaganda ng kanilang bansa. Sa bawat na henerasyon ang lumipas. Sa ngayon ang kanilang
Don’t bold all the text only the
important details
Remove the hyperlink, there’s no
foot note
Translate it in Tagalog
7. uri ng pamahalaan ay “Parliamentary System”. Ang Parliamentary System ay parang Pamahalaan
din sa Pilipinas na tinatawag na Demokratiko. Ngunit ang pinagkaiba nila ay walang masyadong
kalayaan ang nagaganap sa araw – araw nila. Kaya’t tayo ay dapat magpasalamat at pahalagahan
ang buhay natin. Ang imperyong Ottoman ay ang isa pang tawag sa “Turkish Empire”.
2. “The Ottoman, also historically referred to as the Turkish Empire or Turkey, was
a Sunni Islamic state founded by Oghuz Turks under Osman I in
northwestern Anatolia in 1299.[6] With conquests in the Balkans byMurad I between
1362 and 1389, and the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II in 1453, the
Ottoman sultanate was transformed into an empire.[7][8][9]
During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign
of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was a powerful multinational,
multilingual empire controlling much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia,
the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.[10] At the beginning of the 17th century
the empire contained 32 provinces and numerous vassal states. Some of these were later
absorbed into the empire, while others were granted various types of autonomy during the
course of centuries.[dn 4]
With Constantinople as its capital and control of lands around the Mediterranean basin, the
Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds
for six centuries. Following a long period ofmilitary setbacks against European powers and
gradual decline, the empire collapsed and was dissolved in the aftermath of World War I,
leading to the emergence of the new state of Turkey in the Ottoman Anatolian heartland, as
well as the creation of modern Balkan and Middle Eastern states.”
Ang Ottoman din pala ay isa sa mga sumakop sa bansang Iraq. Ngunit ito ay nawala noong World
War 1. At napunta sila sa kamay ng Imperyong Bretanya. At Nagkaroon na ng sariling pamahalaan
ang Iraq noong 1933. Sa pamumuno ni Saddam Hussein nagkaroon ng Labanan sa pagitan ng Iran
at Iraq dahil sa agawan ng mga teritoryo, kagamitan, kayamanan at terorismo. Nagkaroon din ng
Persian Gulf War na ang ibig sabihin ay Labanan sa pagitan ng Kuwait at Iraq.
3. “Hussein broke off the negotiations after only two hours, and on August 2, 1990
ordered the invasion of Kuwait. Hussein’s assumption that his fellow Arab states
would stand by in the face of his invasion of Kuwait, and not call in outside help to
stop it, proved to be a miscalculation. Two-thirds of the 21 members of the Arab
League condemned Iraq’s act of aggression, and Saudi Arabia’s King Fahd, along
8. with Kuwait’s government-in-exile, turned to the United States and other members
of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) for support.”
Ang dahilan sa kainilang paglalaban ay dahil sa pag akusado ni Hussein sa mga taga Kuwait na
paggawa sa presyo ng krudo ng mababa at pagkukuha ng mga iba pang krudo sa ibang lugar. Ibig
sabihin ay wala na sa karapatan nila na kumuha ng ibang kayamanan sa ibang lugar. “Crossing
their not common border.”
Pagkatapos, sila ay sinakop ng bansang Estados Unidos dahilan ng agawan sa mga kayamanan,
kagamitan at pangalan para malaman na sila ay malakas. Nagtapos ang labanan noong Disyembre
2011 matapos silng iwan ng Estados Unidos.
9. Mga Suliranin ng Bansa
PAGKASIRA NG KALIKASAN
“Events of 1980–2005 have created environmental crises of emergency proportions. Military
operations in three wars (Iran–Iraq War, Gulf War, and Iraq War) have left unexploded
ordnance and land mines in exposed positions, killing or wounding an estimated 100,000
people in the early 2000s.Environmental Crisis Worsening In Iraq Because of infrastructure
damage, significant parts of the population do not have adequate water supply or sanitation
systems, and sites where municipal and medical wastes have accumulated carry the risk of
disease epidemics. The wartime destruction of military and industrial infrastructure has
releasedheavy metals and other hazardous substances into the air, soil, and groundwater.
Numerous spills have resulted from damage to Iraq’s oil infrastructure, and the lack of water
treatment facilities at Iraqi refineries has led to pollution from those installations. In the
alluvial plain, soil quality has been damaged by the deposit of large amounts of salts, borne
by irrigation overflows and wind and promoted by poor soil drainage. Desertification and
erosion also have reduced arable land.
Transboundary pollution and a lack of river basin management by the government have led
to the degradation of Iraq's major waterways. Under Saddam Hussein, the government
constructed the Glory Canal which drained the extensive marshes in the lower reaches of
the alluvial plain, changing water circulation and wildlife patterns over a wide area.
Beginning in 2004, some restoration has occurred. Flooding danger in the alluvial plain has
decreased since construction of dams upstream on the Euphrates. Although the interim
government appointed in 2004 included a Ministry of Environment, long-term
environmental crises such as the depletion of marshland in the Shatt al Arab have a low
priority.”
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10. Base sa aking nabasa ay, ang pangunahing problema ng bansang Iraq ay ang kaguluhan at
paglalaban laban sa iba’t ibang lugar dahilan ng kakulangan sa mga kayamanan at
pangangailangan sa araw – araw. Tulad ng produksyon ng Krudo, armas, lakas, tubig at makakain.
Dahil sa pakikipaglaban, marami paring nakatanim na mga bomba sa iba’t ibang lugar kaya’t
marami parin ang namamatay. Tulad sa nangyari kay “Jessica Soho”. Habang sila ay gumagawa
ng kanilang dokyumentaryo, biglaang sumabog ang isang paligid na nalaman na may nakatanim
na bomba. Ang mga bahagi ng lupain ay nasira, ang lupa na maaaring tamnan ay namatay kaya’t
ganito ang paghihirap ng mga taga Iraq.
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11. Lumalaking Populasyon
“The population of Iraq is the fifth largest in the Middle East and North
Africa. The population was estimated at 22,675,617 in July of 2000, an
increase of 4.675 million from the 1980 population of 18million. In 2000,
Iraq's birth rate stood at 35.04 per 1,000, while the death rate was reported
at 6.4 per 1,000. With a projected growth rate of 2 percent between 2000
and 2015, the population is expected to reach 38 million by the year 2030.”
Base sa pagsasalaysay na ito ay ang Iraq ay may lumalaking populasyon at malamang ay
katulad din ng rason nito ang rason ng karamihan sa mga bansang may mga ganitong
problema. Ang problema ng karamihang bansa na malamang ay problema din ng Iraq
ay ang iresponsableng mamayan na hindi naniniwala o hindi nagsasagawa ng Family
Planning na kaylangan upang makontrol ang pag dami ng populasyon. Konektado ang
posibleng rason na to sa pamamahala ng gobyerno na iresponsable at hindi maganda.
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12. Pag Labag sa Karapatang Pantao
“The human rights situation in Iraq remains dire. Iraqi civilians face threats not only from the upsurge
in violence as government forces, the Islamic State in Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS) and other armed groups
battle for territory, but also from a systemic pattern of abuse at the hands of the Iraqi central
government.
As the fighting continues, protection of civilians must be of paramount concern. An
estimated 500,000 people were forced to flee their homes as Mosul fell, adding to the nearly
half a million Iraqis displaced and over 5,5000 civilian deaths since ISIS' expulsion of Iraqi
security forces in Fallujah, Anbar governorate, in January 2014. Iraqi forces have
indiscriminately shelled Fallujah, including on hospitals and in residential areas. ISIS has
claimed responsibility for car bomb blasts in other parts of Iraq as retaliation for the
government attacks. Now, Amnesty International has gathered evidence pointing to a
pattern of extrajudicial executions of detainees by government forces and Shi'a militias in
the Iraqi cities of Tal ‘Afar, Mosul and Ba'quba.
A consistent pattern of human rights violations by the Iraqi government has widely been
seen as a significant factor in the widespread popular discontent. Thousands of detainees
languish in prison without charge. Detainees are routinely held "incommunicado", without
access to family or legal counsel. Torture and ill-treatment occurs regularly and with
impunity in prisons and detention centers. Many of those brought to trial are sentenced to
long prison terms or to death after grossly unfair proceedings, in which convictions are based
on "confessions" extracted under torture or other coercion. Such "confessions" are often
broadcast on national television before trials have taken place.
Iraq is the world's third most prolific executioner, with hundreds of prisoners on death
row and at least 169 executions in 2013. The surge in executions has continued in 2014.”
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13. Base dito sa ulat galling sa http”://www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/countries/middle-east-and-
north-africa/Iraq” ay maraming nalalabag na “Human Rights” ang bansang Iraq, halimabawa na
lamang ng mga preso, kahit may mga nalabag ang mga ito mayroon parin silang mga karapatan
na kaylangan masunod at base dito ay hindi pantay ang trato sa kanila at nalalabag ang kanilang
sinasabing “Rights” kaya naman maari din itong dahilan ng Terrorismo sa bansa at ang malaking
kawalan at kasiraan ng pangalan nito at dahil ditto bumababa ang tingin sa kanila ng ibang bansa
at rumeresulta ito sa pagbaba ng kanilang pamumuhay kaya bumababa ang Ekonomiya at
humihikayat din ito ng terrorismo dahil ang mga terrorista ay minsan lumalaban para sa
karapatan.
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references corner at the last page
14. Kahirapan
“Iraq has been struggling with an increase in poverty rates for many years. While the Iraqi
Ministry of Planning notes that the rate of poverty has recently decreased, reaching 11%,
statistics released by the World Bank show that 28%of Iraqi families live below the poverty
line. In the event that the country may face any kind of crisis, this rate could increase by 70%.
This is currently happening because of the spike in violent acts and tense political situation.
The head of the Model Iraqi Women Organization, Athraa Hassani, provided Al-Monitor with
this information, quoting World Bank officials who discussed these statistics during a
meeting in Turkey with a number of members of civil society organizations seeking to find a
solution to the poverty crisis in Iraq.
Hassani questions the accuracy of the poverty rates announced by the Iraqi government,
affirming that these rates are continuously increasing because of a rise in daily violence and
spike in unemployment rates in addition to a weakening of the Iraqi economy.
Based on the World Bank’s figures, this would mean that out of Iraq’s 34.7 million citizens,
more than 9.5 million individuals are living below the poverty line.
Governor of Baghdad Ali al-Tamimi told Al-Monitor that the Iraqi government is not able to
provide genuine solutions to deal with the poverty crisis in the country. Its role is limited to
doling out a monthly salary for the poor,ranging between $40 and $100 depending on the
number of family members. This amount is disbursed every three months; however, it does
not evenmeet the daily needs of families.Tamimi affirmed that poverty rates are very high,
and that whoever says otherwise knows nothing about the situation of Iraqi society. Tamimi,
like Hassani, objects to the attempt of some governmental sources to deceive the public
regarding poverty rates in Iraq and the resulting risks.
Speaking to Al-Monitor, Ali Shir, a member of the parliamentary Human Rights Committee,
did not deny the fact that the poverty rate in Iraq is very high and that thousands of families
feed on “garbage and live in landfills and slums.” He attributed this situation to the fact that
the Iraqi government is channeling more focus to other issues, mainly the security situation
and armament. This comes at the expense of social plights that are exacerbating by the day.
Hassani argues that the ideal solution involves cooperating with various organizations to put
in place a new social security law for the unemployed.This law must comprise all social
groups that are unable to work for one reason or another. In fact, a draft law on this
subject was prepared and presented to parliament for ratification. According to the draft
law, one-third of the state’s budget should be allocated to provide fixed monthly salaries for
the groups specified in the law.
15. What is striking is that the social security law for the unemployed was not passed. According
to Hassani, 13 social security draft laws proposed by various committees in parliament are
currently up for discussion. The inability of politicians and officials to reach an agreement
was the reason behind the failure to propose a unified social security draft law within
parliament.
Al-Monitor visited many slums and poor neighborhoods such as the Safar and Husainiyah
neighborhoods in Sadr City. While these neighborhoods are located within the borders of the
capital to the north and northeast, they do not have water or electricity services. Roads are
unpaved and houses are built with blocks that are covered with brittle tinplate fixed to the
roofs with weights to keep them in place.
Al-Monitor interviewed some of the residents who said that they were living a miserable life
and rely on wealthy donors to meet their basic needs. They addressed the government
asking, “Until when will we tolerate the situation? We as well as our children are hungry.”
The families with whom Al-Monitor met made it clear that they are not optimistic about their
situation and that of the country in general.”
base dito ay hindi nababantayan ang kalagayan ng Iraq ng mga namumuno ditto kaya lalong
tumataas ang rate ng Poverty sa bansa. Sadyang nakapagtataka ang kalagayang tio dahil sa
kinikita ng bansang Iraq ay ganto parin kalala ang kanilang sitwasyon at nagkakaron sila ng
lakas ng loob na magsimula ng banta ng terrorismo sa ibang bansa at magubos ng kanilang mga
kayamanan upang gumera ngunit di nila nababantayan ang sariling bansa. Pinapatunayan ng mga
salaysay na ito ay talagang iresponsable at may mali sa pagpapatakbo ng halos lahat sa
namumuno sa Iraq.
16. Katiwalian sa Pamahalaan at Kawalan ng katagang pampulitika
Sa lahat lahat wala nang nakikitang ibang dahilan kung bakit naghihirap ang bansang Iraq kundi
dahil sa mga tiwaling opisyal na nakaupo na wala ng ginagawa kundi manguha ng perang
pansariling luho sa kabayan ng bayan na dapat napupunta sa katauhan ng bansa, at ang resulta
nito ay naghihirap ang mga tao sa bansa dahil walang nasuporta sa kanila. Matibay ng prueba ng
Katiwalian sa bansa ang Kahirapan. Ang Katiwalian sa pamahalaan ay di lagi dahil sa
pangungurakot maari din dahil sa pagiging iresponsable ng mga nakaupo , ang mga taong ito ay
ung mga taong binoboto ng tao ngunit wala namng ginagawa sa Bansa kundi sumweldo lang ng
sumweldo, di man pagnanakaw ang ginagawa nila ay di parin tama un dahil di nila
nagagampanan ang kanilang tungkulin bilang isang pinuno ng bansa, at nagiging dahilan un ng
matinding kahirapan. Maari din namang rason ng mga bagay na nagreresula sa katiwalian ay ang
di pagkakaintindihan ng mga namumuno na nagreresulta ng away na makakaapekto ng malaki sa
ating bansa at gumamit ng karamihan sa mga oras at pera na ginugugol dapat sa ikabubuti ng
bansa.
17. Bantang Terrorismo
May dalawang paraan ng bantang terrorismo sa Iraq, maaring sila ang nababantaan ng
Terrorismo o sila ang nababantaaan pero kadalasan ay sa kanila talaga nangagaling ng bantang
terrorismo. Ang Iraq ay kilala sa pagiging malakas nito dahil lagi silang napapabalitang sangkot
sag era o away pambansa kaya nabuo nila ang title na”War on Terror” na pinangalan ng US sa
kanila. Kadalasan ding rason ng pumapasok na bantang terrorismo sa kanilang bansa ay dahil
lang din sa banta nila na ibinabalik sa kanila ng bansang pinagbantaan nila o ginyera nila at
nakabangon
18. SUMMARIZATION at REKOMENDASYON:
Sa kalahatan ay ang lahat ng dahilan ng mga paghihirap o mga mali sa lipunan ng Iraq ay lahat
dahil sa katiwalian ng gobyernong humahawak dito. Maari namang maging mabuti ang
kalagayan ng bansang Iraq kung aayusin lamang ng mga Opisyal ang kanilang pagpapatakbno ng
walang ginawagawang katiwalian at siguradong bubuti ang sistema at kalagayan ng bansang
Iraq.
Sa panahon ngayon maaring silang magpagawa ng mga batas na mahigpit dapat na ipinapatupad
sa buong bansa. Ang mga batas na ito ay dapat walang pinapalagpas at may patas patas na
pananaw sa lahat ng tao may inuupuan man o wala, mayaman man o mahirap lahat damay at
dapat walang ligtas sa ganong pamamaraan ay lalong maiisaayos at matutupad ang mga layunin
na ninanais ng batas na ipinatupad.
Sa Lumalaking populasyon naman ay maari silang magpatupad ng RH bill na nagbibigay ng
iba’t ibang pamamraan ng family planning na maaring makatulong sa pagdami ng kanilang mga
anak. Ang RH bill kagaya ng sa Pinas ay nagpopromote ng mga bagay na galling sa medisina
upang mapigilan ang production na gumagawa ng mga bata.
Sa Katiwalian sa Gobyerno, dapat may karapat dapat na namumuno sa lahat at litisin ang mga
ibang pinuno upang malaman kung sino talaga ang may sala ng lahat at kung may mapatunayan
hindi dapat ito bigyan ng “Special Treatment” dahil kung ganto lang rin naman ay parang wala
ding magagawa.
19. Maraming maaring gawin na magiging madali lamang dahil sa kapangyarihan na hawak ng
Gobyerno ngunit bakit hindi nila ginagawa? Nagpapatunay lamang iyon na talagang may mali sa
kanilang pamamahala at yon ang nagiging dahilan ng kanilang kalagayan sa kasalukuyan.
Ang pagpili ng mga namumuno ay nasa sa tao kung kaya naman ay hindi buong dahilan ng
kanilang kalagayan ay dahil lang sa gobyerno kundi dahil din rin sa mga tao dahil sila ang
pumipili ng maglilingkod sa kanila kaya naman dapat nag iisip muna ang mga tao bago
magdesisyon.
Ang lahat ng tao ay may karapatan at dapat nila itong ipaglaban ang problema lang talaga ay di
marunong lumaban ang mga tao para sa karapatan nila kaya natatapakan nalang sila o maari
namang walang alam ang mga tao sa karapatan nila dahil sila’y di nakapagaral.
Ang bantang terorismo naman, nagkakaron lang sila nito dahil lagi silang kumaklaban sa ibang
bansa. Maari namang kumalaban sa ibang bansa ngunit sa mahinahong paraan ng hindi
dumadanak ang dugo ngunit hindi nagging ganon ang pamamaraan ng Iraq kung kaya naman
lagging nagagalit ang ibang bansa sa kanila